Sim-to-Real papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Sim-to-Real went from 159 papers in 2023 to 204 in 2026, roughly 1.3x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Sim-to-Real work: 223 papers from 2023 to 2026, 35% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 27 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Robotics and Embodied AI, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Humanoid Control, is up 3.8x versus 1.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AET-Bench: Pixel-Accurate Atomic Tomography Is Not Atom-Accurate
• ICML 2026RTInfer: Real-Time Inference of Multiple DNNs on Edge GPUs
• ICLR 2026Manipulation as in Simulation: Enabling Accurate Geometry Perception in Robots
• CVPR 2026AnthroTAP Learning Point Tracking with Real-World Motion
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025HyperIV: Real-time Implied Volatility Smoothing
• ICLR 2025Do Contemporary Causal Inference Models Capture Real-World Heterogeneity? Findings from a Large-Scale Benchmark
• CVPR 2025Analyzing the Synthetic-to-Real Domain Gap in 3D Hand Pose Estimation
• NeurIPS 2024EgoSim: An Egocentric Multi-view Simulator and Real Dataset for Body-worn Cameras during Motion and Activity
• ICML 2024A Global Geometric Analysis of Maximal Coding Rate Reduction
• ICLR 2024Extending Power of Nature from Binary to Real-Valued Graph Learning in Real World
• CVPR 2024Density-guided Translator Boosts Synthetic-to-Real Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Segmentation of 3D Point Clouds
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Pure Noise to the Rescue of Insufficient Data
• ICML 2023Adversarially Robust PAC Learnability of Real-Valued Functions
• ICLR 2023Provable Sim-to-real Transfer in Continuous Domain with Partial Observations
• CVPR 2023Cloud-Device Collaborative Adaptation to Continual Changing Environments in the Real-World
• NeurIPS 2026Coarse-to-Real: Generative Rendering for Populated Dynamic Scenes
• ICML 2026Server-Proximal Aggregation for Federated Domain-Incremental Learning under Partial Participation: Task-Uniform Convergence and Backward Transfer
• ICLR 2026PatchRefiner V2: Fast and Lightweight Real-Domain High-Resolution Metric Depth Estimation
• CVPR 2026BiProLoRA Bilevel Prompt LoRA for Real Scene Recovery

All Sim-to-Real papers

87 papers, page 2 of 2

51. ICLR 2024Alice Benchmarks: Connecting Real World Re-Identification with the Synthetic
52. ICLR 2024AUGCAL: Improving Sim2Real Adaptation by Uncertainty Calibration on Augmented Synthetic Images
53. ICLR 2024Can We Evaluate Domain Adaptation Models Without Target-Domain Labels?
54. ICLR 2024Class Probability Matching with Calibrated Networks for Label Shift Adaption
55. ICLR 2024Continuous Invariance Learning
56. ICLR 2024Domain Randomization via Entropy Maximization
57. ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
58. ICLR 2024DyST: Towards Dynamic Neural Scene Representations on Real-World Videos
59. ICLR 2024Exploring the Promise and Limits of Real-Time Recurrent Learning
60. ICLR 2024Extending Power of Nature from Binary to Real-Valued Graph Learning in Real World
61. ICLR 2024Goodhart's Law in Reinforcement Learning
62. ICLR 2024HYPO: Hyperspherical Out-Of-Distribution Generalization
63. ICLR 2024Improving Non-Transferable Representation Learning by Harnessing Content and Style
64. ICLR 2024Real-Fake: Effective Training Data Synthesis Through Distribution Matching
65. ICLR 2024Real-time Photorealistic Dynamic Scene Representation and Rendering with 4D Gaussian Splatting
66. ICLR 2024ReTaSA: A Nonparametric Functional Estimation Approach for Addressing Continuous Target Shift
67. ICLR 2024SEAL: A Framework for Systematic Evaluation of Real-World Super-Resolution
68. ICLR 2024SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-world Github Issues?
69. ICLR 2024ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIs
70. ICLR 2023Autoregressive Conditional Neural Processes
71. ICLR 2023CoRTX: Contrastive Framework for Real-time Explanation
72. ICLR 2023Decompose to Generalize: Species-Generalized Animal Pose Estimation
73. ICLR 2023EVC: Towards Real-Time Neural Image Compression with Mask Decay
74. ICLR 2023Fairness and Accuracy under Domain Generalization
75. ICLR 2023Forward Super-Resolution: How Can GANs Learn Hierarchical Generative Models for Real-World Distributions
76. ICLR 2023Generalize Learned Heuristics to Solve Large-scale Vehicle Routing Problems in Real-time
77. ICLR 2023ImaginaryNet: Learning Object Detectors without Real Images and Annotations
78. ICLR 2023Interpretations of Domain Adaptations via Layer Variational Analysis
79. ICLR 2023Moderate Coreset: A Universal Method of Data Selection for Real-world Data-efficient Deep Learning
80. ICLR 2023Priors, Hierarchy, and Information Asymmetry for Skill Transfer in Reinforcement Learning
81. ICLR 2023Provable Sim-to-real Transfer in Continuous Domain with Partial Observations
82. ICLR 2023Real-Time Image Demoir$\acute{e}$ing on Mobile Devices
83. ICLR 2023Real-time variational method for learning neural trajectory and its dynamics
84. ICLR 2023Seeing Differently, Acting Similarly: Heterogeneously Observable Imitation Learning
85. ICLR 2023Spherical Sliced-Wasserstein
86. ICLR 2023Towards Robust Object Detection Invariant to Real-World Domain Shifts
87. ICLR 2023Transfer Learning with Deep Tabular Models

FAQ

How many Sim-to-Real papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

629 in total: 159 in 2023, 148 in 2024, 118 in 2025, 204 in 2026.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 75 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 33 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 33 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 16 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 33 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 18 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 63 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 51 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Sim-to-Real papers?

CVPR, with 223 papers from 2023 to 2026.