Sim-to-Real papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Sim-to-Real went from 159 papers in 2023 to 204 in 2026, roughly 1.3x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Sim-to-Real work: 223 papers from 2023 to 2026, 35% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 2 in 2023 to 27 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Robotics and Embodied AI, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Humanoid Control, is up 3.8x versus 1.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AET-Bench: Pixel-Accurate Atomic Tomography Is Not Atom-Accurate
• ICML 2026RTInfer: Real-Time Inference of Multiple DNNs on Edge GPUs
• ICLR 2026Manipulation as in Simulation: Enabling Accurate Geometry Perception in Robots
• CVPR 2026AnthroTAP Learning Point Tracking with Real-World Motion
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025HyperIV: Real-time Implied Volatility Smoothing
• ICLR 2025Do Contemporary Causal Inference Models Capture Real-World Heterogeneity? Findings from a Large-Scale Benchmark
• CVPR 2025Analyzing the Synthetic-to-Real Domain Gap in 3D Hand Pose Estimation
• NeurIPS 2024EgoSim: An Egocentric Multi-view Simulator and Real Dataset for Body-worn Cameras during Motion and Activity
• ICML 2024A Global Geometric Analysis of Maximal Coding Rate Reduction
• ICLR 2024Extending Power of Nature from Binary to Real-Valued Graph Learning in Real World
• CVPR 2024Density-guided Translator Boosts Synthetic-to-Real Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Segmentation of 3D Point Clouds
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Pure Noise to the Rescue of Insufficient Data
• ICML 2023Adversarially Robust PAC Learnability of Real-Valued Functions
• ICLR 2023Provable Sim-to-real Transfer in Continuous Domain with Partial Observations
• CVPR 2023Cloud-Device Collaborative Adaptation to Continual Changing Environments in the Real-World
• NeurIPS 2026Coarse-to-Real: Generative Rendering for Populated Dynamic Scenes
• ICML 2026Server-Proximal Aggregation for Federated Domain-Incremental Learning under Partial Participation: Task-Uniform Convergence and Backward Transfer
• ICLR 2026PatchRefiner V2: Fast and Lightweight Real-Domain High-Resolution Metric Depth Estimation
• CVPR 2026BiProLoRA Bilevel Prompt LoRA for Real Scene Recovery

All Sim-to-Real papers

628 papers, page 12 of 13

551. ICML 2023Drug Discovery under Covariate Shift with Domain-Informed Prior Distributions over Functions
552. ICML 2023Federated Heavy Hitter Recovery under Linear Sketching
553. ICML 2023Formalizing Preferences Over Runtime Distributions
554. ICML 2023From Perception to Programs: Regularize, Overparameterize, and Amortize
555. ICML 2023From Relational Pooling to Subgraph GNNs: A Universal Framework for More Expressive Graph Neural Networks
556. ICML 2023Identifiability of Label Noise Transition Matrix
557. ICML 2023Learning Controllable Degradation for Real-World Super-Resolution via Constrained Flows
558. ICML 2023Multi-Environment Pretraining Enables Transfer to Action Limited Datasets
559. ICML 2023Multiplier Bootstrap-based Exploration
560. ICML 2023Never mind the metrics---what about the uncertainty? Visualising binary confusion matrix metric distributions to put performance in perspective
561. ICML 2023On the Robustness of Randomized Ensembles to Adversarial Perturbations
562. ICML 2023One-sided Matrix Completion from Two Observations Per Row
563. ICML 2023Out-of-Domain Robustness via Targeted Augmentations
564. ICML 2023Regret Minimization and Convergence to Equilibria in General-sum Markov Games
565. ICML 2023Revisiting Domain Randomization via Relaxed State-Adversarial Policy Optimization
566. ICML 2023Robust Budget Pacing with a Single Sample
567. ICML 2023Safe Offline Reinforcement Learning with Real-Time Budget Constraints
568. ICML 2023Settling the Reward Hypothesis
569. ICML 2023Stable Estimation of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects
570. ICML 2023Synthetic Data, Real Errors: How (Not) to Publish and Use Synthetic Data
571. ICML 2023Vector-Valued Control Variates
572. NeurIPS 2023[Re] Pure Noise to the Rescue of Insufficient Data
573. NeurIPS 2023A Metadata-Driven Approach to Understand Graph Neural Networks
574. NeurIPS 2023A One-Size-Fits-All Approach to Improving Randomness in Paper Assignment
575. NeurIPS 2023A Privacy-Friendly Approach to Data Valuation
576. NeurIPS 2023A Randomized Approach to Tight Privacy Accounting
577. NeurIPS 2023A Unified Approach to Domain Incremental Learning with Memory: Theory and Algorithm
578. NeurIPS 2023An Alternative to Variance: Gini Deviation for Risk-averse Policy Gradient
579. NeurIPS 2023Attentive Transfer Entropy to Exploit Transient Emergence of Coupling Effect
580. NeurIPS 2023Bringing regularized optimal transport to lightspeed: a splitting method adapted for GPUs
581. NeurIPS 2023Causal Context Connects Counterfactual Fairness to Robust Prediction and Group Fairness
582. NeurIPS 2023Chanakya: Learning Runtime Decisions for Adaptive Real-Time Perception
583. NeurIPS 2023CODA: Generalizing to Open and Unseen Domains with Compaction and Disambiguation
584. NeurIPS 2023Complex-valued Neurons Can Learn More but Slower than Real-valued Neurons via Gradient Descent
585. NeurIPS 2023DeWave: Discrete Encoding of EEG Waves for EEG to Text Translation
586. NeurIPS 2023Differentiable Registration of Images and LiDAR Point Clouds with VoxelPoint-to-Pixel Matching
587. NeurIPS 2023Does progress on ImageNet transfer to real-world datasets?
588. NeurIPS 2023EgoEnv: Human-centric environment representations from egocentric video
589. NeurIPS 2023Eliminating Domain Bias for Federated Learning in Representation Space
590. NeurIPS 2023Equivariant Spatio-Temporal Attentive Graph Networks to Simulate Physical Dynamics
591. NeurIPS 2023Exploiting hidden structures in non-convex games for convergence to Nash equilibrium
592. NeurIPS 2023First Order Methods with Markovian Noise: from Acceleration to Variational Inequalities
593. NeurIPS 2023Frequency-domain MLPs are More Effective Learners in Time Series Forecasting
594. NeurIPS 2023High Precision Causal Model Evaluation with Conditional Randomization
595. NeurIPS 2023How to Data in Datathons
596. NeurIPS 2023Laplacian Canonization: A Minimalist Approach to Sign and Basis Invariant Spectral Embedding
597. NeurIPS 2023Learning to Augment Distributions for Out-of-distribution Detection
598. NeurIPS 2023Leveraging Locality and Robustness to Achieve Massively Scalable Gaussian Process Regression
599. NeurIPS 2023Live Graph Lab: Towards Open, Dynamic and Real Transaction Graphs with NFT
600. NeurIPS 2023Minimax-Optimal Location Estimation

FAQ

How many Sim-to-Real papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

629 in total: 159 in 2023, 148 in 2024, 118 in 2025, 204 in 2026.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 75 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 33 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 33 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 16 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 33 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 18 the year before.

How many Sim-to-Real papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 63 Sim-to-Real papers, versus 51 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Sim-to-Real papers?

CVPR, with 223 papers from 2023 to 2026.