Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

6,885 papers, page 84 of 138

4151. NeurIPS 2025IOSTOM: Offline Imitation Learning from Observations via State Transition Occupancy Matching
4152. NeurIPS 2025Is PRM Necessary? Problem-Solving RL Implicitly Induces PRM Capability in LLMs
4153. NeurIPS 2025Iterative Foundation Model Fine-Tuning on Multiple Rewards
4154. NeurIPS 2025Iterative Tool Usage Exploration for Multimodal Agents via Step-wise Preference Tuning
4155. NeurIPS 2025Janus-Pro-R1: Advancing Collaborative Visual Comprehension and Generation via Reinforcement Learning
4156. NeurIPS 2025KeeA*: Epistemic Exploratory A* Search via Knowledge Calibration
4157. NeurIPS 2025Kernel conditional tests from learning-theoretic bounds
4158. NeurIPS 2025Kinaema: a recurrent sequence model for memory and pose in motion
4159. NeurIPS 2025KL Penalty Control via Perturbation for Direct Preference Optimization
4160. NeurIPS 2025KL-Regularized RLHF with Multiple Reference Models: Exact Solutions and Sample Complexity
4161. NeurIPS 2025Knot So Simple: A Minimalistic Environment for Spatial Reasoning
4162. NeurIPS 2025Knowledge-based Visual Question Answer with Multimodal Processing, Retrieval and Filtering
4163. NeurIPS 2025KORGym: A Dynamic Game Platform for LLM Reasoning Evaluation
4164. NeurIPS 2025KTAE: A Model-Free Algorithm to Key-Tokens Advantage Estimation in Mathematical Reasoning
4165. NeurIPS 2025KungfuBot: Physics-Based Humanoid Whole-Body Control for Learning Highly-Dynamic Skills
4166. NeurIPS 2025LaRes: Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning with LLM-based Adaptive Reward Search
4167. NeurIPS 2025Large Language Models as End-to-end Combinatorial Optimization Solvers
4168. NeurIPS 2025Large language models can learn and generalize steganographic chain-of-thought under process supervision
4169. NeurIPS 2025Latent Chain-of-Thought for Visual Reasoning
4170. NeurIPS 2025Latent Mixture of Symmetries for Sample-Efficient Dynamic Learning
4171. NeurIPS 2025LC-Opt: Benchmarking Reinforcement Learning and Agentic AI for End-to-End Liquid Cooling Optimization in Data Centers
4172. NeurIPS 2025Learning and Planning Multi-Agent Tasks via an MoE-based World Model
4173. NeurIPS 2025Learning Dense Hand Contact Estimation from Imbalanced Data
4174. NeurIPS 2025Learning Equilibria from Data: Provably Efficient Multi-Agent Imitation Learning
4175. NeurIPS 2025Learning from A Single Markovian Trajectory: Optimality and Variance Reduction
4176. NeurIPS 2025Learning from Demonstrations via Capability-Aware Goal Sampling
4177. NeurIPS 2025Learning from Reward-Free Offline Data: A Case for Planning with Latent Dynamics Models
4178. NeurIPS 2025Learning Human-Like RL Agents Through Trajectory Optimization With Action Quantization
4179. NeurIPS 2025Learning in Stackelberg Mean Field Games: A Non-Asymptotic Analysis
4180. NeurIPS 2025Learning Interactive World Model for Object-Centric Reinforcement Learning
4181. NeurIPS 2025Learning Interestingness in Automated Mathematical Theory Formation
4182. NeurIPS 2025Learning Intractable Multimodal Policies with Reparameterization and Diversity Regularization
4183. NeurIPS 2025Learning Memory-Enhanced Improvement Heuristics for Flexible Job Shop Scheduling
4184. NeurIPS 2025Learning Parameterized Skills from Demonstrations
4185. NeurIPS 2025Learning Personalized Ad Impact via Contextual Reinforcement Learning under Delayed Rewards
4186. NeurIPS 2025Learning Preferences without Interaction for Cooperative AI: A Hybrid Offline-Online Approach
4187. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Better Search with Language Models via Guided Reinforced Self-Training
4188. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Clean: Reinforcement Learning for Noisy Label Correction
4189. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Control Free-Form Soft Swimmers
4190. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Plan Like the Human Brain via Visuospatial Perception and Semantic-Episodic Synergistic Decision-Making
4191. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Reason under Off-Policy Guidance
4192. NeurIPS 2025Learning to Think: Information-Theoretic Reinforcement Fine-Tuning for LLMs
4193. NeurIPS 2025Learning When to Think: Shaping Adaptive Reasoning in R1-Style Models via Multi-Stage RL
4194. NeurIPS 2025Less is More: an Attention-free Sequence Prediction Modeling for Offline Embodied Learning
4195. NeurIPS 2025Leveraging Conditional Dependence for Efficient World Model Denoising
4196. NeurIPS 2025LILO: Learning to Reason at the Frontier of Learnability
4197. NeurIPS 2025Linear Mixture Distributionally Robust Markov Decision Processes
4198. NeurIPS 2025LLM-Explorer: A Plug-in Reinforcement Learning Policy Exploration Enhancement Driven by Large Language Models
4199. NeurIPS 2025Logic.py: Bridging the Gap between LLMs and Constraint Solvers
4200. NeurIPS 2025Look Before You Leap: A GUI-Critic-R1 Model for Pre-Operative Error Diagnosis in GUI Automation

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.