Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

6,885 papers, page 74 of 138

3651. ICML 2025Minimax Optimal Regret Bound for Reinforcement Learning with Trajectory Feedback
3652. ICML 2025Mitigating Plasticity Loss in Continual Reinforcement Learning by Reducing Churn
3653. ICML 2025Model Immunization from a Condition Number Perspective
3654. ICML 2025Model-Based Exploration in Monitored Markov Decision Processes
3655. ICML 2025MODULI: Unlocking Preference Generalization via Diffusion Models for Offline Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
3656. ICML 2025MONA: Myopic Optimization with Non-myopic Approval Can Mitigate Multi-step Reward Hacking
3657. ICML 2025Monte Carlo Tree Diffusion for System 2 Planning
3658. ICML 2025MPO: An Efficient Post-Processing Framework for Mixing Diverse Preference Alignment
3659. ICML 2025Multi-objective Linear Reinforcement Learning with Lexicographic Rewards
3660. ICML 2025Multi-Session Budget Optimization for Forward Auction-based Federated Learning
3661. ICML 2025Multi-Stage Manipulation with Demonstration-Augmented Reward, Policy, and World Model Learning
3662. ICML 2025Multi-Timescale Dynamics Model Bayesian Optimization for Plasma Stabilization in Tokamaks
3663. ICML 2025Multi-Turn Code Generation Through Single-Step Rewards
3664. ICML 2025Multiple-policy Evaluation via Density Estimation
3665. ICML 2025Navigating the Social Welfare Frontier: Portfolios for Multi-objective Reinforcement Learning
3666. ICML 2025NBDI: A Simple and Effective Termination Condition for Skill Extraction from Task-Agnostic Demonstrations
3667. ICML 2025Near-optimal Regret Using Policy Optimization in Online MDPs with Aggregate Bandit Feedback
3668. ICML 2025Near-Optimal Sample Complexity for MDPs via Anchoring
3669. ICML 2025Network Sparsity Unlocks the Scaling Potential of Deep Reinforcement Learning
3670. ICML 2025Neurosymbolic World Models for Sequential Decision Making
3671. ICML 2025Novelty Detection in Reinforcement Learning with World Models
3672. ICML 2025O-MAPL: Offline Multi-agent Preference Learning
3673. ICML 2025Of Mice and Machines: A Comparison of Learning Between Real World Mice and RL Agents
3674. ICML 2025Off-Policy Actor-Critic for Adversarial Observation Robustness: Virtual Alternative Training via Symmetric Policy Evaluation
3675. ICML 2025Off-Policy Evaluation under Nonignorable Missing Data
3676. ICML 2025Offline Opponent Modeling with Truncated Q-driven Instant Policy Refinement
3677. ICML 2025Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning with Classifier-Free Diffusion Generation
3678. ICML 2025Omni-Angle Assault: An Invisible and Powerful Physical Adversarial Attack on Face Recognition
3679. ICML 2025On Teacher Hacking in Language Model Distillation
3680. ICML 2025On the Adversarial Robustness of Multi-Kernel Clustering
3681. ICML 2025On the Guidance of Flow Matching
3682. ICML 2025On the Robustness of Reward Models for Language Model Alignment
3683. ICML 2025Online Episodic Convex Reinforcement Learning
3684. ICML 2025Online Laplacian-Based Representation Learning in Reinforcement Learning
3685. ICML 2025Online Learning in Risk Sensitive constrained MDP
3686. ICML 2025Online Pre-Training for Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning
3687. ICML 2025Online Robust Reinforcement Learning Through Monte-Carlo Planning
3688. ICML 2025Optimizing Language Models for Inference Time Objectives using Reinforcement Learning
3689. ICML 2025Optimizing Test-Time Compute via Meta Reinforcement Finetuning
3690. ICML 2025Outsourced Diffusion Sampling: Efficient Posterior Inference in Latent Spaces of Generative Models
3691. ICML 2025Overcoming the Curse of Dimensionality in Reinforcement Learning Through Approximate Factorization
3692. ICML 2025Partially Observable Reinforcement Learning with Memory Traces
3693. ICML 2025Penalizing Infeasible Actions and Reward Scaling in Reinforcement Learning with Offline Data
3694. ICML 2025Pessimism Principle Can Be Effective: Towards a Framework for Zero-Shot Transfer Reinforcement Learning
3695. ICML 2025PIGDreamer: Privileged Information Guided World Models for Safe Partially Observable Reinforcement Learning
3696. ICML 2025PILAF: Optimal Human Preference Sampling for Reward Modeling
3697. ICML 2025PIPA: Preference Alignment as Prior-Informed Statistical Estimation
3698. ICML 2025Policy Filtration for RLHF to Mitigate Noise in Reward Models
3699. ICML 2025Policy Gradient with Tree Expansion
3700. ICML 2025Policy Guided Tree Search for Enhanced LLM Reasoning

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.