Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

1,070 papers, page 7 of 22

301. ICML 2023AdaptDiffuser: Diffusion Models as Adaptive Self-evolving Planners
302. ICML 2023Adaptive Barrier Smoothing for First-Order Policy Gradient with Contact Dynamics
303. ICML 2023Adversarial Cheap Talk
304. ICML 2023Adversarial Learning of Distributional Reinforcement Learning
305. ICML 2023Aligning Language Models with Preferences through $f$-divergence Minimization
306. ICML 2023An Adaptive Entropy-Regularization Framework for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
307. ICML 2023An Investigation into Pre-Training Object-Centric Representations for Reinforcement Learning
308. ICML 2023Anti-Exploration by Random Network Distillation
309. ICML 2023Atari-5: Distilling the Arcade Learning Environment down to Five Games
310. ICML 2023Attention-Based Recurrence for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning under Stochastic Partial Observability
311. ICML 2023Automatic Intrinsic Reward Shaping for Exploration in Deep Reinforcement Learning
312. ICML 2023Bayesian Design Principles for Frequentist Sequential Learning
313. ICML 2023Bayesian Reparameterization of Reward-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning with Energy-based Models
314. ICML 2023Behavior Contrastive Learning for Unsupervised Skill Discovery
315. ICML 2023Best of Both Worlds Policy Optimization
316. ICML 2023Better Training of GFlowNets with Local Credit and Incomplete Trajectories
317. ICML 2023Beyond Exponentially Fast Mixing in Average-Reward Reinforcement Learning via Multi-Level Monte Carlo Actor-Critic
318. ICML 2023Beyond Reward: Offline Preference-guided Policy Optimization
319. ICML 2023Bidirectional Learning for Offline Model-based Biological Sequence Design
320. ICML 2023Bilevel Optimization with Coupled Decision-Dependent Distributions
321. ICML 2023Boosting Offline Reinforcement Learning with Action Preference Query
322. ICML 2023Bootstrapped Representations in Reinforcement Learning
323. ICML 2023Cell-Free Latent Go-Explore
324. ICML 2023ChiPFormer: Transferable Chip Placement via Offline Decision Transformer
325. ICML 2023CircuitNet: A Generic Neural Network to Realize Universal Circuit Motif Modeling
326. ICML 2023CleanRL: High-quality Single-file Implementations of Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms
327. ICML 2023CLUTR: Curriculum Learning via Unsupervised Task Representation Learning
328. ICML 2023Complementary Attention for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
329. ICML 2023Compositional Exemplars for In-context Learning
330. ICML 2023Computationally Efficient PAC RL in POMDPs with Latent Determinism and Conditional Embeddings
331. ICML 2023Conditional Graph Information Bottleneck for Molecular Relational Learning
332. ICML 2023Constrained Decision Transformer for Offline Safe Reinforcement Learning
333. ICML 2023Context-Aware Bayesian Network Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
334. ICML 2023Continual Task Allocation in Meta-Policy Network via Sparse Prompting
335. ICML 2023Continuation Path Learning for Homotopy Optimization
336. ICML 2023ContraBAR: Contrastive Bayes-Adaptive Deep RL
337. ICML 2023Contrastive Energy Prediction for Exact Energy-Guided Diffusion Sampling in Offline Reinforcement Learning
338. ICML 2023Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Asynchronous Communication and Linear Function Approximation
339. ICML 2023Corruption-Robust Algorithms with Uncertainty Weighting for Nonlinear Contextual Bandits and Markov Decision Processes
340. ICML 2023Curious Replay for Model-based Adaptation
341. ICML 2023Decentralized Stochastic Bilevel Optimization with Improved per-Iteration Complexity
342. ICML 2023Deep Laplacian-based Options for Temporally-Extended Exploration
343. ICML 2023Delay-Adapted Policy Optimization and Improved Regret for Adversarial MDP with Delayed Bandit Feedback
344. ICML 2023Demonstration-free Autonomous Reinforcement Learning via Implicit and Bidirectional Curriculum
345. ICML 2023Detecting Adversarial Directions in Deep Reinforcement Learning to Make Robust Decisions
346. ICML 2023Differentiable and Transportable Structure Learning
347. ICML 2023Differentially Private Episodic Reinforcement Learning with Heavy-tailed Rewards
348. ICML 2023Discovering Object-Centric Generalized Value Functions From Pixels
349. ICML 2023Distance Weighted Supervised Learning for Offline Interaction Data
350. ICML 2023Distributional Offline Policy Evaluation with Predictive Error Guarantees

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.