Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

1,640 papers, page 6 of 33

251. ICLR 2025Learning Splitting Heuristics in Divide-and-Conquer SAT Solvers with Reinforcement Learning
252. ICLR 2025Learning Task Belief Similarity with Latent Dynamics for Meta-Reinforcement Learning
253. ICLR 2025Learning to Clarify: Multi-turn Conversations with Action-Based Contrastive Self-Training
254. ICLR 2025Learning to Communicate Through Implicit Communication Channels
255. ICLR 2025Learning to Search from Demonstration Sequences
256. ICLR 2025Learning to Select Nodes in Branch and Bound with Sufficient Tree Representation
257. ICLR 2025Learning to Steer Markovian Agents under Model Uncertainty
258. ICLR 2025Learning Transformer-based World Models with Contrastive Predictive Coding
259. ICLR 2025Learning View-invariant World Models for Visual Robotic Manipulation
260. ICLR 2025Leveraging Sub-Optimal Data for Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning
261. ICLR 2025Leveraging Variable Sparsity to Refine Pareto Stationarity in Multi-Objective Optimization
262. ICLR 2025LICORICE: Label-Efficient Concept-Based Interpretable Reinforcement Learning
263. ICLR 2025Linear Multistep Solver Distillation for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Models
264. ICLR 2025Long-Short Decision Transformer: Bridging Global and Local Dependencies for Generalized Decision-Making
265. ICLR 2025Looking Backward: Retrospective Backward Synthesis for Goal-Conditioned GFlowNets
266. ICLR 2025Looking into User’s Long-term Interests through the Lens of Conservative Evidential Learning
267. ICLR 2025M^3PC: Test-time Model Predictive Control using Pretrained Masked Trajectory Model
268. ICLR 2025MA-RLHF: Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback with Macro Actions
269. ICLR 2025MA$^2$E: Addressing Partial Observability in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Masked Auto-Encoder
270. ICLR 2025MAD-TD: Model-Augmented Data stabilizes High Update Ratio RL
271. ICLR 2025MaestroMotif: Skill Design from Artificial Intelligence Feedback
272. ICLR 2025Magnetic Preference Optimization: Achieving Last-iterate Convergence for Language Model Alignment
273. ICLR 2025MallowsPO: Fine-Tune Your LLM with Preference Dispersions
274. ICLR 2025ManiSkill-HAB: A Benchmark for Low-Level Manipulation in Home Rearrangement Tasks
275. ICLR 2025MarS: a Financial Market Simulation Engine Powered by Generative Foundation Model
276. ICLR 2025MaxInfoRL: Boosting exploration in reinforcement learning through information gain maximization
277. ICLR 2025Measuring And Improving Engagement of Text-to-Image Generation Models
278. ICLR 2025Measuring memorization in RLHF for code completion
279. ICLR 2025MetaUrban: An Embodied AI Simulation Platform for Urban Micromobility
280. ICLR 2025Minimax Optimal Reinforcement Learning with Quasi-Optimism
281. ICLR 2025Misspecified $Q$-Learning with Sparse Linear Function Approximation: Tight Bounds on Approximation Error
282. ICLR 2025Mitigating Information Loss in Tree-Based Reinforcement Learning via Direct Optimization
283. ICLR 2025Mitigating Reward Over-Optimization in RLHF via Behavior-Supported Regularization
284. ICLR 2025Model Risk-sensitive Offline Reinforcement Learning
285. ICLR 2025Model-Agnostic Knowledge Guided Correction for Improved Neural Surrogate Rollout
286. ICLR 2025Model-based Offline Reinforcement Learning with Lower Expectile Q-Learning
287. ICLR 2025Model-based RL as a Minimalist Approach to Horizon-Free and Second-Order Bounds
288. ICLR 2025Model-Free Offline Reinforcement Learning with Enhanced Robustness
289. ICLR 2025Modeling Unseen Environments with Language-guided Composable Causal Components in Reinforcement Learning
290. ICLR 2025Monte Carlo Planning with Large Language Model for Text-Based Game Agents
291. ICLR 2025Moral Alignment for LLM Agents
292. ICLR 2025More RLHF, More Trust? On The Impact of Preference Alignment On Trustworthiness
293. ICLR 2025Motion Control of High-Dimensional Musculoskeletal Systems with Hierarchical Model-Based Planning
294. ICLR 2025Multi-agent cooperation through learning-aware policy gradients
295. ICLR 2025Multi-level Certified Defense Against Poisoning Attacks in Offline Reinforcement Learning
296. ICLR 2025Near-Optimal Policy Identification in Robust Constrained Markov Decision Processes via Epigraph Form
297. ICLR 2025Neural Interactive Proofs
298. ICLR 2025Neural Multi-Objective Combinatorial Optimization via Graph-Image Multimodal Fusion
299. ICLR 2025Neural Stochastic Differential Equations for Uncertainty-Aware Offline RL
300. ICLR 2025Neuroplastic Expansion in Deep Reinforcement Learning

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.