Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

2,494 papers, page 40 of 50

1951. NeurIPS 2024Stepwise Alignment for Constrained Language Model Policy Optimization
1952. NeurIPS 2024Stress-Testing Capability Elicitation With Password-Locked Models
1953. NeurIPS 2024Sub-optimal Experts mitigate Ambiguity in Inverse Reinforcement Learning
1954. NeurIPS 2024Subject-driven Text-to-Image Generation via Preference-based Reinforcement Learning
1955. NeurIPS 2024Subwords as Skills: Tokenization for Sparse-Reward Reinforcement Learning
1956. NeurIPS 2024SurgicAI: A Hierarchical Platform for Fine-Grained Surgical Policy Learning and Benchmarking
1957. NeurIPS 2024SustainDC: Benchmarking for Sustainable Data Center Control
1958. NeurIPS 2024Swift Sampler: Efficient Learning of Sampler by 10 Parameters
1959. NeurIPS 2024Synatra: Turning Indirect Knowledge into Direct Demonstrations for Digital Agents at Scale
1960. NeurIPS 2024Taming "data-hungry" reinforcement learning? Stability in continuous state-action spaces
1961. NeurIPS 2024Team-Fictitious Play for Reaching Team-Nash Equilibrium in Multi-team Games
1962. NeurIPS 2024Temporal-Difference Learning Using Distributed Error Signals
1963. NeurIPS 2024Test Where Decisions Matter: Importance-driven Testing for Deep Reinforcement Learning
1964. NeurIPS 2024Text-Aware Diffusion for Policy Learning
1965. NeurIPS 2024The Dormant Neuron Phenomenon in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Value Factorization
1966. NeurIPS 2024The Edge-of-Reach Problem in Offline Model-Based Reinforcement Learning
1967. NeurIPS 2024The Importance of Online Data: Understanding Preference Fine-tuning via Coverage
1968. NeurIPS 2024The Ladder in Chaos: Improving Policy Learning by Harnessing the Parameter Evolving Path in A Low-dimensional Space
1969. NeurIPS 2024The Limits of Transfer Reinforcement Learning with Latent Low-rank Structure
1970. NeurIPS 2024The Power of Resets in Online Reinforcement Learning
1971. NeurIPS 2024The Sample-Communication Complexity Trade-off in Federated Q-Learning
1972. NeurIPS 2024The surprising efficiency of temporal difference learning for rare event prediction
1973. NeurIPS 2024The Surprising Ineffectiveness of Pre-Trained Visual Representations for Model-Based Reinforcement Learning
1974. NeurIPS 2024The Value of Reward Lookahead in Reinforcement Learning
1975. NeurIPS 2024Time-Constrained Robust MDPs
1976. NeurIPS 2024Towards an Information Theoretic Framework of Context-Based Offline Meta-Reinforcement Learning
1977. NeurIPS 2024Towards Effective Planning Strategies for Dynamic Opinion Networks
1978. NeurIPS 2024Towards Next-Generation Logic Synthesis: A Scalable Neural Circuit Generation Framework
1979. NeurIPS 2024Towards the Transferability of Rewards Recovered via Regularized Inverse Reinforcement Learning
1980. NeurIPS 2024Towards Visual Text Design Transfer Across Languages
1981. NeurIPS 2024Trajectory Data Suffices for Statistically Efficient Learning in Offline RL with Linear $q^\pi$-Realizability and Concentrability
1982. NeurIPS 2024Transformers as Game Players: Provable In-context Game-playing Capabilities of Pre-trained Models
1983. NeurIPS 2024Transition Constrained Bayesian Optimization via Markov Decision Processes
1984. NeurIPS 2024Truncated Variance Reduced Value Iteration
1985. NeurIPS 2024TurboHopp: Accelerated Molecule Scaffold Hopping with Consistency Models
1986. NeurIPS 2024Two-way Deconfounder for Off-policy Evaluation in Causal Reinforcement Learning
1987. NeurIPS 2024UltraMedical: Building Specialized Generalists in Biomedicine
1988. NeurIPS 2024Uncertainty-based Offline Variational Bayesian Reinforcement Learning for Robustness under Diverse Data Corruptions
1989. NeurIPS 2024Understanding and Improving Training-free Loss-based Diffusion Guidance
1990. NeurIPS 2024Understanding Model Selection for Learning in Strategic Environments
1991. NeurIPS 2024Uniform Last-Iterate Guarantee for Bandits and Reinforcement Learning
1992. NeurIPS 2024Unlock the Intermittent Control Ability of Model Free Reinforcement Learning
1993. NeurIPS 2024Using Unity to Help Solve Reinforcement Learning
1994. NeurIPS 2024Value-Based Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Dynamic Sparse Training
1995. NeurIPS 2024Variational Delayed Policy Optimization
1996. NeurIPS 2024Verifiably Robust Conformal Prediction
1997. NeurIPS 2024Verified Safe Reinforcement Learning for Neural Network Dynamic Models
1998. NeurIPS 2024Vision-Language Navigation with Energy-Based Policy
1999. NeurIPS 2024Warm-up Free Policy Optimization: Improved Regret in Linear Markov Decision Processes
2000. NeurIPS 2024WFCRL: A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Benchmark for Wind Farm Control

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.