Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

2,079 papers, page 30 of 42

1451. ICML 2024ArCHer: Training Language Model Agents via Hierarchical Multi-Turn RL
1452. ICML 2024ATraDiff: Accelerating Online Reinforcement Learning with Imaginary Trajectories
1453. ICML 2024Augmenting Decision with Hypothesis in Reinforcement Learning
1454. ICML 2024Averaging $n$-step Returns Reduces Variance in Reinforcement Learning
1455. ICML 2024Bayesian Design Principles for Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning
1456. ICML 2024Bayesian Exploration Networks
1457. ICML 2024Bayesian Regret Minimization in Offline Bandits
1458. ICML 2024BeigeMaps: Behavioral Eigenmaps for Reinforcement Learning from Images
1459. ICML 2024Boosting Reinforcement Learning with Strongly Delayed Feedback Through Auxiliary Short Delays
1460. ICML 2024BRAIn: Bayesian Reward-conditioned Amortized Inference for natural language generation from feedback
1461. ICML 2024Breadth-First Exploration on Adaptive Grid for Reinforcement Learning
1462. ICML 2024Breaking the Barrier: Enhanced Utility and Robustness in Smoothed DRL Agents
1463. ICML 2024Bridging Environments and Language with Rendering Functions and Vision-Language Models
1464. ICML 2024Bring Your Own (Non-Robust) Algorithm to Solve Robust MDPs by Estimating The Worst Kernel
1465. ICML 2024Code as Reward: Empowering Reinforcement Learning with VLMs
1466. ICML 2024CogBench: a large language model walks into a psychology lab
1467. ICML 2024Combinatorial Multivariant Multi-Armed Bandits with Applications to Episodic Reinforcement Learning and Beyond
1468. ICML 2024Combining Experimental and Historical Data for Policy Evaluation
1469. ICML 2024Confidence Aware Inverse Constrained Reinforcement Learning
1470. ICML 2024Constrained Ensemble Exploration for Unsupervised Skill Discovery
1471. ICML 2024Constrained Reinforcement Learning Under Model Mismatch
1472. ICML 2024Contrastive Representation for Data Filtering in Cross-Domain Offline Reinforcement Learning
1473. ICML 2024Controlled Decoding from Language Models
1474. ICML 2024Controlling Behavioral Diversity in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1475. ICML 2024Coprocessor Actor Critic: A Model-Based Reinforcement Learning Approach For Adaptive Brain Stimulation
1476. ICML 2024Craftax: A Lightning-Fast Benchmark for Open-Ended Reinforcement Learning
1477. ICML 2024Cross-Domain Policy Adaptation by Capturing Representation Mismatch
1478. ICML 2024Dealing With Unbounded Gradients in Stochastic Saddle-point Optimization
1479. ICML 2024Debiased Offline Representation Learning for Fast Online Adaptation in Non-stationary Dynamics
1480. ICML 2024Decoding-time Realignment of Language Models
1481. ICML 2024Decoupling Learning and Decision-Making: Breaking the $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{T})$ Barrier in Online Resource Allocation with First-Order Methods
1482. ICML 2024Deep Demonstration Tracing: Learning Generalizable Imitator Policy for Runtime Imitation from a Single Demonstration
1483. ICML 2024Degeneration-free Policy Optimization: RL Fine-Tuning for Language Models without Degeneration
1484. ICML 2024Dense Reward for Free in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback
1485. ICML 2024Detecting Influence Structures in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1486. ICML 2024DiffStitch: Boosting Offline Reinforcement Learning with Diffusion-based Trajectory Stitching
1487. ICML 2024Discovering Features with Synergistic Interactions in Multiple Views
1488. ICML 2024Discovering Multiple Solutions from a Single Task in Offline Reinforcement Learning
1489. ICML 2024Distinguishing the Knowable from the Unknowable with Language Models
1490. ICML 2024Distributional Bellman Operators over Mean Embeddings
1491. ICML 2024Do Transformer World Models Give Better Policy Gradients?
1492. ICML 2024DPN: Decoupling Partition and Navigation for Neural Solvers of Min-max Vehicle Routing Problems
1493. ICML 2024Dr. Strategy: Model-Based Generalist Agents with Strategic Dreaming
1494. ICML 2024DRED: Zero-Shot Transfer in Reinforcement Learning via Data-Regularised Environment Design
1495. ICML 2024DynSyn: Dynamical Synergistic Representation for Efficient Learning and Control in Overactuated Embodied Systems
1496. ICML 2024ED-Copilot: Reduce Emergency Department Wait Time with Language Model Diagnostic Assistance
1497. ICML 2024Efficient Adaptation in Mixed-Motive Environments via Hierarchical Opponent Modeling and Planning
1498. ICML 2024Efficient Exploration in Average-Reward Constrained Reinforcement Learning: Achieving Near-Optimal Regret With Posterior Sampling
1499. ICML 2024Efficient Policy Evaluation with Offline Data Informed Behavior Policy Design
1500. ICML 2024Efficient World Models with Context-Aware Tokenization

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.