Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

2,079 papers, page 29 of 42

1401. ICML 2025The Synergy of LLMs & RL Unlocks Offline Learning of Generalizable Language-Conditioned Policies with Low-fidelity Data
1402. ICML 2025Think Smarter not Harder: Adaptive Reasoning with Inference Aware Optimization
1403. ICML 2025Think Twice, Act Once: A Co-Evolution Framework of LLM and RL for Large-Scale Decision Making
1404. ICML 2025Time-Aware World Model for Adaptive Prediction and Control
1405. ICML 2025Towards Cost-Effective Reward Guided Text Generation
1406. ICML 2025Towards Efficient Online Tuning of VLM Agents via Counterfactual Soft Reinforcement Learning
1407. ICML 2025Towards Theoretical Understanding of Sequential Decision Making with Preference Feedback
1408. ICML 2025Towards Universal Offline Black-Box Optimization via Learning Language Model Embeddings
1409. ICML 2025Training Flexible Models of Genetic Variant Effects from Functional Annotations using Accelerated Linear Algebra
1410. ICML 2025Transfer Q-Learning with Composite MDP Structures
1411. ICML 2025Trust-Region Twisted Policy Improvement
1412. ICML 2025TtBA: Two-third Bridge Approach for Decision-Based Adversarial Attack
1413. ICML 2025Universal Approximation Theorem of Deep Q-Networks
1414. ICML 2025Unraveling the Interplay between Carryover Effects and Reward Autocorrelations in Switchback Experiments
1415. ICML 2025Unveiling Markov heads in Pretrained Language Models for Offline Reinforcement Learning
1416. ICML 2025Value-Based Deep RL Scales Predictably
1417. ICML 2025Video-Enhanced Offline Reinforcement Learning: A Model-Based Approach
1418. ICML 2025VinePPO: Refining Credit Assignment in RL Training of LLMs
1419. ICML 2025Vintix: Action Model via In-Context Reinforcement Learning
1420. ICML 2025Wait-Less Offline Tuning and Re-solving for Online Decision Making
1421. ICML 2025Wasserstein Policy Optimization
1422. ICML 2025When Maximum Entropy Misleads Policy Optimization
1423. ICML 2025When to retrain a machine learning model
1424. ICML 2025Wolfpack Adversarial Attack for Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1425. ICML 2025Zero Shot Generalization of Vision-Based RL Without Data Augmentation
1426. ICML 2025Zero-Shot Offline Imitation Learning via Optimal Transport
1427. ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1428. ICML 2024A Distributional Analogue to the Successor Representation
1429. ICML 2024A General Framework for Sequential Decision-Making under Adaptivity Constraints
1430. ICML 2024A Hierarchical Adaptive Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning Framework for Multiplier Circuit Design
1431. ICML 2024A Minimaximalist Approach to Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback
1432. ICML 2024A Neural-Guided Dynamic Symbolic Network for Exploring Mathematical Expressions from Data
1433. ICML 2024A Primal-Dual Algorithm for Offline Constrained Reinforcement Learning with Linear MDPs
1434. ICML 2024A Single-Loop Robust Policy Gradient Method for Robust Markov Decision Processes
1435. ICML 2024A Unified Linear Programming Framework for Offline Reward Learning from Human Demonstrations and Feedback
1436. ICML 2024Absolute Policy Optimization: Enhancing Lower Probability Bound of Performance with High Confidence
1437. ICML 2024Accelerated Policy Gradient for s-rectangular Robust MDPs with Large State Spaces
1438. ICML 2024Accelerated Policy Gradient: On the Convergence Rates of the Nesterov Momentum for Reinforcement Learning
1439. ICML 2024ACPO: A Policy Optimization Algorithm for Average MDPs with Constraints
1440. ICML 2024Acquiring Diverse Skills using Curriculum Reinforcement Learning with Mixture of Experts
1441. ICML 2024Activation-Descent Regularization for Input Optimization of ReLU Networks
1442. ICML 2024Active Preference Learning for Large Language Models
1443. ICML 2024Adapting Static Fairness to Sequential Decision-Making: Bias Mitigation Strategies towards Equal Long-term Benefit Rate
1444. ICML 2024Adaptive Accompaniment with ReaLchords
1445. ICML 2024Adaptive Advantage-Guided Policy Regularization for Offline Reinforcement Learning
1446. ICML 2024Adaptive Horizon Actor-Critic for Policy Learning in Contact-Rich Differentiable Simulation
1447. ICML 2024Adaptive-Gradient Policy Optimization: Enhancing Policy Learning in Non-Smooth Differentiable Simulations
1448. ICML 2024Advancing DRL Agents in Commercial Fighting Games: Training, Integration, and Agent-Human Alignment
1449. ICML 2024An Improved Finite-time Analysis of Temporal Difference Learning with Deep Neural Networks
1450. ICML 2024An Information Theoretic Approach to Interaction-Grounded Learning

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.