Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

2,079 papers, page 27 of 42

1301. ICML 2025Private Federated Learning using Preference-Optimized Synthetic Data
1302. ICML 2025Progressively Label Enhancement for Large Language Model Alignment
1303. ICML 2025Projection Optimization: A General Framework for Multi-Objective and Multi-Group RLHF
1304. ICML 2025Proto Successor Measure: Representing the Behavior Space of an RL Agent
1305. ICML 2025Provable Maximum Entropy Manifold Exploration via Diffusion Models
1306. ICML 2025Provable Policy Gradient for Robust Average-Reward MDPs Beyond Rectangularity
1307. ICML 2025Provable Zero-Shot Generalization in Offline Reinforcement Learning
1308. ICML 2025Provably Efficient Exploration in Inverse Constrained Reinforcement Learning
1309. ICML 2025Provably Efficient RL for Linear MDPs under Instantaneous Safety Constraints in Non-Convex Feature Spaces
1310. ICML 2025Q-Supervised Contrastive Representation: A State Decoupling Framework for Safe Offline Reinforcement Learning
1311. ICML 2025QPRL : Learning Optimal Policies with Quasi-Potential Functions for Asymmetric Traversal
1312. ICML 2025Quantum Algorithms for Finite-horizon Markov Decision Processes
1313. ICML 2025Quantum Speedups in Regret Analysis of Infinite Horizon Average-Reward Markov Decision Processes
1314. ICML 2025R*: Efficient Reward Design via Reward Structure Evolution and Parameter Alignment Optimization with Large Language Models
1315. ICML 2025R3DM: Enabling Role Discovery and Diversity Through Dynamics Models in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
1316. ICML 2025Random Policy Evaluation Uncovers Policies of Generative Flow Networks
1317. ICML 2025Rank-One Modified Value Iteration
1318. ICML 2025Reflect-then-Plan: Offline Model-Based Planning through a Doubly Bayesian Lens
1319. ICML 2025Regret-Free Reinforcement Learning for Temporal Logic Specifications
1320. ICML 2025Reidentify: Context-Aware Identity Generation for Contextual Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1321. ICML 2025ReinboT: Amplifying Robot Visual-Language Manipulation with Reinforcement Learning
1322. ICML 2025REINFORCE Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models: An Adaptive, Distributional, and Semantic Objective
1323. ICML 2025Reinforce LLM Reasoning through Multi-Agent Reflection
1324. ICML 2025Reinforced Learning Explicit Circuit Representations for Quantum State Characterization from Local Measurements
1325. ICML 2025Reinforced Lifelong Editing for Language Models
1326. ICML 2025Reinforcement Learning Control of a Physical Robot Device for Assisted Human Walking without a Simulator
1327. ICML 2025Reinforcement Learning for Quantum Control under Physical Constraints
1328. ICML 2025Reinforcement Learning with Adaptive Reward Modeling for Expensive-to-Evaluate Systems
1329. ICML 2025Reinforcement Learning with Random Time Horizons
1330. ICML 2025Reinforcement Learning with Segment Feedback
1331. ICML 2025Rejecting Hallucinated State Targets during Planning
1332. ICML 2025Rethinking the Stability-Plasticity Trade-off in Continual Learning from an Architectural Perspective
1333. ICML 2025Return Capping: Sample Efficient CVaR Policy Gradient Optimisation
1334. ICML 2025ReVISE: Learning to Refine at Test-Time via Intrinsic Self-Verification
1335. ICML 2025Revisiting Cooperative Off-Policy Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1336. ICML 2025Revisiting Non-Acyclic GFlowNets in Discrete Environments
1337. ICML 2025Reward Translation via Reward Machine in Semi-Alignable MDPs
1338. ICML 2025Reward-free World Models for Online Imitation Learning
1339. ICML 2025Reward-Guided Prompt Evolving in Reinforcement Learning for LLMs
1340. ICML 2025Risk-Sensitive Theory of Mind: Coordinating with Agents of Unknown Bias using Cumulative Prospect Theory
1341. ICML 2025RLEF: Grounding Code LLMs in Execution Feedback with Reinforcement Learning
1342. ICML 2025RLTHF: Targeted Human Feedback for LLM Alignment
1343. ICML 2025Robot-Gated Interactive Imitation Learning with Adaptive Intervention Mechanism
1344. ICML 2025Robust Autonomy Emerges from Self-Play
1345. ICML 2025Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Stochastic Adversary
1346. ICML 2025Robust Multimodal Large Language Models Against Modality Conflict
1347. ICML 2025Robust Noise Attenuation via Adaptive Pooling of Transformer Outputs
1348. ICML 2025Robust Offline Reinforcement Learning with Linearly Structured $f$-Divergence Regularization
1349. ICML 2025Robust Reward Alignment via Hypothesis Space Batch Cutting
1350. ICML 2025RobustLight: Improving Robustness via Diffusion Reinforcement Learning for Traffic Signal Control

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.