Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

2,079 papers, page 24 of 42

1151. ICML 2025Extreme Value Policy Optimization for Safe Reinforcement Learning
1152. ICML 2025Fast and Robust: Task Sampling with Posterior and Diversity Synergies for Adaptive Decision-Makers in Randomized Environments
1153. ICML 2025Finite-Sample Convergence Bounds for Trust Region Policy Optimization in Mean Field Games
1154. ICML 2025Finite-Time Global Optimality Convergence in Deep Neural Actor-Critic Methods for Decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1155. ICML 2025Flow of Reasoning: Training LLMs for Divergent Reasoning with Minimal Examples
1156. ICML 2025Flow Q-Learning
1157. ICML 2025Flow-based Domain Randomization for Learning and Sequencing Robotic Skills
1158. ICML 2025Flow-of-Options: Diversified and Improved LLM Reasoning by Thinking Through Options
1159. ICML 2025FOUNDER: Grounding Foundation Models in World Models for Open-Ended Embodied Decision Making
1160. ICML 2025Gap-Dependent Bounds for Federated $Q$-Learning
1161. ICML 2025General agents need world models
1162. ICML 2025GIVE: Structured Reasoning of Large Language Models with Knowledge Graph Inspired Veracity Extrapolation
1163. ICML 2025Goal-Oriented Skill Abstraction for Offline Multi-Task Reinforcement Learning
1164. ICML 2025GoIRL: Graph-Oriented Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Multimodal Trajectory Prediction
1165. ICML 2025Gradient Boosting Reinforcement Learning
1166. ICML 2025GradPS: Resolving Futile Neurons in Parameter Sharing Network for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1167. ICML 2025Gradual Transition from Bellman Optimality Operator to Bellman Operator in Online Reinforcement Learning
1168. ICML 2025GRAM: A Generative Foundation Reward Model for Reward Generalization
1169. ICML 2025Graph Diffusion for Robust Multi-Agent Coordination
1170. ICML 2025Graph-Assisted Stitching for Offline Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
1171. ICML 2025Graph-Supported Dynamic Algorithm Configuration for Multi-Objective Combinatorial Optimization
1172. ICML 2025Guided Zeroth-Order Methods for Stochastic Non-convex Problems with Decision-Dependent Distributions
1173. ICML 2025Habitizing Diffusion Planning for Efficient and Effective Decision Making
1174. ICML 2025Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning with Targeted Causal Interventions
1175. ICML 2025Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning with Uncertainty-Guided Diffusional Subgoals
1176. ICML 2025High-Dimensional Prediction for Sequential Decision Making
1177. ICML 2025How does Labeling Error Impact Contrastive Learning? A Perspective from Data Dimensionality Reduction
1178. ICML 2025HYGMA: Hypergraph Coordination Networks with Dynamic Grouping for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1179. ICML 2025Hyper: Hyperparameter Robust Efficient Exploration in Reinforcement Learning
1180. ICML 2025Hyperspherical Normalization for Scalable Deep Reinforcement Learning
1181. ICML 2025IL-SOAR : Imitation Learning with Soft Optimistic Actor cRitic
1182. ICML 2025Imitation Learning from a Single Temporally Misaligned Video
1183. ICML 2025Improved Lower Bounds for First-order Stochastic Non-convex Optimization under Markov Sampling
1184. ICML 2025Improved Off-policy Reinforcement Learning in Biological Sequence Design
1185. ICML 2025Improving Parallel Program Performance with LLM Optimizers via Agent-System Interfaces
1186. ICML 2025Improving Reward Model Generalization from Adversarial Process Enhanced Preferences
1187. ICML 2025Improving the Continuity of Goal-Achievement Ability via Policy Self-Regularization for Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning
1188. ICML 2025Improving Transformer World Models for Data-Efficient RL
1189. ICML 2025Improving Value Estimation Critically Enhances Vanilla Policy Gradient
1190. ICML 2025In-Context Reinforcement Learning From Suboptimal Historical Data
1191. ICML 2025Incentivize without Bonus: Provably Efficient Model-based Online Multi-agent RL for Markov Games
1192. ICML 2025Inducing, Detecting and Characterising Neural Modules: A Pipeline for Functional Interpretability in Reinforcement Learning
1193. ICML 2025Intersectional Fairness in Reinforcement Learning with Large State and Constraint Spaces
1194. ICML 2025Inverse Reinforcement Learning with Switching Rewards and History Dependency for Characterizing Animal Behaviors
1195. ICML 2025Investigating the Overlooked Hessian Structure: From CNNs to LLMs
1196. ICML 2025Is Best-of-N the Best of Them? Coverage, Scaling, and Optimality in Inference-Time Alignment
1197. ICML 2025KEA: Keeping Exploration Alive by Proactively Coordinating Exploration Strategies
1198. ICML 2025Knowledge Retention in Continual Model-Based Reinforcement Learning
1199. ICML 2025LangTime: A Language-Guided Unified Model for Time Series Forecasting with Proximal Policy Optimization
1200. ICML 2025Language Models as Implicit Tree Search

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.