Reinforcement Learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reinforcement Learning went from 1,070 papers in 2023 to 2,985 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reinforcement Learning work: 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reasoning Models: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026\texttt{FEROM}: Frontier Endogenous Reveal-Order Marginal Policy Optimization for Masked Diffusion LMs
• ICML 2026$\text{DT}^\text{2}$: Decision-Targeted Digital Twins
• ICLR 2026$\nabla$-Reasoner: LLM Reasoning via Test-Time Gradient Descent in Textual Space
• CVPR 2026A Causal Marriage between VLM and IRM from Understanding to
• NeurIPS 2025$\texttt{G1}$: Teaching LLMs to Reason on Graphs with Reinforcement Learning
• ICML 2025A Computationally Efficient Algorithm for Infinite-Horizon Average-Reward Linear MDPs
• ICLR 2025$\phi$-Update: A Class of Policy Update Methods with Policy Convergence Guarantee
• CVPR 2025All-Optical Nonlinear Diffractive Deep Network for Ultrafast Image Denoising
• NeurIPS 2024A Critical Evaluation of AI Feedback for Aligning Large Language Models
• ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2024A Black-box Approach for Non-stationary Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
• CVPR 2024DMR: Decomposed Multi-Modality Representations for Frames and Events Fusion in Visual Reinforcement Learning
• NeurIPS 2023“Why Not Looking backward?” A Robust Two-Step Method to Automatically Terminate Bayesian Optimization
• ICML 2023A Connection between One-Step RL and Critic Regularization in Reinforcement Learning
• ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
• CVPR 2023"Seeing" Electric Network Frequency From Events
• NeurIPS 2026$\varphi$TD: Distributional Reinforcement Learning using Characteristic Functions
• ICML 2026$\textit{S}$-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
• ICLR 2026$AutoDrive\text{-}P^3$: Unified Chain of Perception–Prediction–Planning Thought via Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
• CVPR 2026AdaptVision Efficient Vision-Language Models via Adaptive Visual Acquisition

All Reinforcement Learning papers

379 papers, page 2 of 8

51. ICLR 2025Can Reinforcement Learning Solve Asymmetric Combinatorial-Continuous Zero-Sum Games?
52. ICLR 2025Causal Information Prioritization for Efficient Reinforcement Learning
53. ICLR 2025Circuit Transformer: A Transformer That Preserves Logical Equivalence
54. ICLR 2025CLoSD: Closing the Loop between Simulation and Diffusion for multi-task character control
55. ICLR 2025COFlowNet: Conservative Constraints on Flows Enable High-Quality Candidate Generation
56. ICLR 2025Collab: Controlled Decoding using Mixture of Agents for LLM Alignment
57. ICLR 2025ComaDICE: Offline Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Stationary Distribution Shift Regularization
58. ICLR 2025Computationally Efficient RL under Linear Bellman Completeness for Deterministic Dynamics
59. ICLR 2025Computing Circuits Optimization via Model-Based Circuit Genetic Evolution
60. ICLR 2025Conflict-Averse Gradient Aggregation for Constrained Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
61. ICLR 2025Constraint-Conditioned Actor-Critic for Offline Safe Reinforcement Learning
62. ICLR 2025ContraDiff: Planning Towards High Return States via Contrastive Learning
63. ICLR 2025Correcting the Mythos of KL-Regularization: Direct Alignment without Overoptimization via Chi-Squared Preference Optimization
64. ICLR 2025Correlated Proxies: A New Definition and Improved Mitigation for Reward Hacking
65. ICLR 2025Counterfactual Realizability
66. ICLR 2025Cross-Domain Offline Policy Adaptation with Optimal Transport and Dataset Constraint
67. ICLR 2025Cross-Embodiment Dexterous Grasping with Reinforcement Learning
68. ICLR 2025CycleResearcher: Improving Automated Research via Automated Review
69. ICLR 2025DartControl: A Diffusion-Based Autoregressive Motion Model for Real-Time Text-Driven Motion Control
70. ICLR 2025Data Center Cooling System Optimization Using Offline Reinforcement Learning
71. ICLR 2025Deep Networks Learn Features From Local Discontinuities in the Label Function
72. ICLR 2025DeepLTL: Learning to Efficiently Satisfy Complex LTL Specifications for Multi-Task RL
73. ICLR 2025DeepSeek-Prover-V1.5: Harnessing Proof Assistant Feedback for Reinforcement Learning and Monte-Carlo Tree Search
74. ICLR 2025DeLLMa: Decision Making Under Uncertainty with Large Language Models
75. ICLR 2025DexTrack: Towards Generalizable Neural Tracking Control for Dexterous Manipulation from Human References
76. ICLR 2025Diffusion Actor-Critic: Formulating Constrained Policy Iteration as Diffusion Noise Regression for Offline Reinforcement Learning
77. ICLR 2025Diffusion Models Are Real-Time Game Engines
78. ICLR 2025Diffusion Policy Policy Optimization
79. ICLR 2025Digi-Q: Learning VLM Q-Value Functions for Training Device-Control Agents
80. ICLR 2025Direct Distributional Optimization for Provable Alignment of Diffusion Models
81. ICLR 2025Discrete Codebook World Models for Continuous Control
82. ICLR 2025Discrete GCBF Proximal Policy Optimization for Multi-agent Safe Optimal Control
83. ICLR 2025Distilling Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for In-Context Model-Based Planning
84. ICLR 2025DistRL: An Asynchronous Distributed Reinforcement Learning Framework for On-Device Control Agent
85. ICLR 2025Diverse Policies Recovering via Pointwise Mutual Information Weighted Imitation Learning
86. ICLR 2025Diverse Preference Learning for Capabilities and Alignment
87. ICLR 2025Do WGANs succeed because they minimize the Wasserstein Distance? Lessons from Discrete Generators
88. ICLR 2025DoF: A Diffusion Factorization Framework for Offline Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
89. ICLR 2025Don't flatten, tokenize! Unlocking the key to SoftMoE's efficacy in deep RL
90. ICLR 2025Doubly Optimal Policy Evaluation for Reinforcement Learning
91. ICLR 2025Drama: Mamba-Enabled Model-Based Reinforcement Learning Is Sample and Parameter Efficient
92. ICLR 2025DSPO: Direct Score Preference Optimization for Diffusion Model Alignment
93. ICLR 2025Dynamic Contrastive Skill Learning with State-Transition Based Skill Clustering and Dynamic Length Adjustment
94. ICLR 2025Earlier Tokens Contribute More: Learning Direct Preference Optimization From Temporal Decay Perspective
95. ICLR 2025Efficient Action-Constrained Reinforcement Learning via Acceptance-Rejection Method and Augmented MDPs
96. ICLR 2025Efficient Cross-Episode Meta-RL
97. ICLR 2025Efficient Discovery of Pareto Front for Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
98. ICLR 2025Efficient Diversity-Preserving Diffusion Alignment via Gradient-Informed GFlowNets
99. ICLR 2025Efficient Exploration and Discriminative World Model Learning with an Object-Centric Abstraction
100. ICLR 2025Efficient Imitation under Misspecification

FAQ

How many Reinforcement Learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

6,885 in total: 1,070 in 2023, 1,190 in 2024, 1,640 in 2025, 2,985 in 2026.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 760 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 784 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 911 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 379 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,021 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 405 the year before.

How many Reinforcement Learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 293 Reinforcement Learning papers, versus 72 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reinforcement Learning papers?

NeurIPS, with 2,494 papers from 2023 to 2026.