Reasoning Models papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Reasoning Models went from 470 papers in 2023 to 1,799 in 2026, roughly 3.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Reasoning Models work: 1,253 papers from 2023 to 2026, 36% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Reinforcement Learning: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 437 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #3 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 3.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Mechanistic Analysis of Looped Reasoning Language Models
• ICML 2026A Formal Comparison Between Chain of Thought and Latent Thought
• ICLR 2026A Simple "Motivation" Can Enhance Reinforcement Finetuning of Large Reasoning Models
• CVPR 2026Asking like Socrates Socrates helps VLMs understand remote sensing images
• NeurIPS 2025A Frustratingly Simple Yet Highly Effective Attack Baseline: Over 90% Success Rate Against the Strong Black-box Models of GPT-4.5/4o/o1
• ICML 2025A Reasoning-Based Approach to Cryptic Crossword Clue Solving
• ICLR 2025A Formal Framework for Understanding Length Generalization in Transformers
• CVPR 2025Argus: Vision-Centric Reasoning with Grounded Chain-of-Thought
• NeurIPS 2024Are Large Language Models Good Statisticians?
• ICML 2024Algorithm of Thoughts: Enhancing Exploration of Ideas in Large Language Models
• ICLR 2024Amortizing intractable inference in large language models
• CVPR 2024Generate Subgoal Images before Act: Unlocking the Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Diffusion Model for Robot Manipulation with Multimodal Prompts
• NeurIPS 2023A benchmark of categorical encoders for binary classification
• ICML 2023Can We Scale Transformers to Predict Parameters of Diverse ImageNet Models?
• ICLR 2023Automatic Chain of Thought Prompting in Large Language Models
• CVPR 2023ActMAD: Activation Matching To Align Distributions for Test-Time-Training
• NeurIPS 2026A Solvable Model of Chain-of-Thought in In-Context Learning
• ICML 2026A Narrowing Geometry in Contaminated Reasoning
• ICLR 2026A State-Transition Framework for Efficient LLM Reasoning
• CVPR 2026Beyond Weak Supervision MLLMs-Guided Graded Knowledge Distillation for Unsupervised Camouflaged

All Reasoning Models papers

652 papers, page 8 of 14

351. ICLR 2026Off-Trajectory Reasoning: Can LLMs Collaborate on Reasoning Trajectory?
352. ICLR 2026Omni-Weather: Unified Multimodal Foundation Model for Weather Generation and Understanding
353. ICLR 2026OmniEVA: Embodied Versatile Planner via Task-Adaptive 3D-Grounded and Embodiment-aware Reasoning
354. ICLR 2026OmniSpatial: Towards Comprehensive Spatial Reasoning Benchmark for Vision Language Models
355. ICLR 2026OmniVideoBench: Towards Audio-Visual Understanding Evaluation for Omni MLLMs
356. ICLR 2026On Code-Induced Reasoning in LLMs
357. ICLR 2026On the Design of KL-Regularized Policy Gradient Algorithms for LLM Reasoning
358. ICLR 2026On the Direction of RLVR Updates for LLM Reasoning: Identification and Exploitation
359. ICLR 2026On the Eligibility of LLMs for Counterfactual Reasoning: A Decompositional Study
360. ICLR 2026On The Fragility of Benchmark Contamination Detection in Reasoning Models
361. ICLR 2026On the Reasoning Abilities of Masked Diffusion Language Models
362. ICLR 2026On the Thinking-Language Modeling Gap in Large Language Models
363. ICLR 2026OneTwoVLA: A Unified Vision-Language-Action Model with Adaptive Reasoning
364. ICLR 2026OpenEstimate: Evaluating LLMs on Probabilistic Estimation with Real-World Data
365. ICLR 2026OpenThoughts: Data Recipes for Reasoning Models
366. ICLR 2026Optimal Aggregation of LLM and PRM Signals for Efficient Test-Time Scaling
367. ICLR 2026Optimal Sparsity of Mixture-of-Experts Language Models for Reasoning Tasks
368. ICLR 2026OptimalThinkingBench: Evaluating Over and Underthinking in LLMs
369. ICLR 2026Output Supervision Can Obfuscate the Chain of Thought
370. ICLR 2026Overthinking Reduction with Decoupled Rewards and Curriculum Data Scheduling
371. ICLR 2026OWL : Geometry-Aware Spatial Reasoning for Audio Large Language Models
372. ICLR 2026Parallel-R1: Towards Parallel Thinking via Reinforcement Learning
373. ICLR 2026ParoQuant: Pairwise Rotation Quantization for Efficient Reasoning LLM Inference
374. ICLR 2026Patching Gaps In LLM Reasoning With Interventional Training
375. ICLR 2026PathChat-SegR1: Reasoning Segmentation in Pathology via SO-GRPO
376. ICLR 2026PEAR: Phase Entropy Aware Reward for Efficient Reasoning
377. ICLR 2026Perception-Aware Policy Optimization for Multimodal Reasoning
378. ICLR 2026Perception-R1: Advancing Multimodal Reasoning Capabilities of MLLMs via Visual Perception Reward
379. ICLR 2026PERK: Long-Context Reasoning as Parameter-Efficient Test-Time Learning
380. ICLR 2026Persona Features Control Emergent Misalignment
381. ICLR 2026Personalized Reasoning: Just-in-time Personalization and Why LLMs Fail at It
382. ICLR 2026PILOT-Bench: Probabilistic Interaction for LLM Operations in Tool-driven Scenarios
383. ICLR 2026Plan and Budget: Effective and Efficient Test-Time Scaling on Reasoning Large Language Models
384. ICLR 2026PM-KVQ: Progressive Mixed-precision KV Cache Quantization for Long-CoT LLMs
385. ICLR 2026Polychromic Objectives for Reinforcement Learning
386. ICLR 2026Predicting LLM Output Length via Entropy-Guided Representations
387. ICLR 2026Predicting LLM Reasoning Performance with Small Proxy Model
388. ICLR 2026PreferThinker: Reasoning-based Personalized Image Preference Assessment
389. ICLR 2026Premise Selection for a Lean Hammer
390. ICLR 2026Pretraining with hierarchical memories: separating long-tail and common knowledge
391. ICLR 2026Prior-free Tabular Test-time Adaptation
392. ICLR 2026PRISM-Physics: Causal DAG-Based Process Evaluation for Physics Reasoning
393. ICLR 2026PrismAudio: Decomposed Chain-of-Thought and Multi-dimensional Rewards for Video-to-Audio Generation
394. ICLR 2026Privacy-Protected Causal Survival Analysis Under Distribution Shift
395. ICLR 2026Process-Verified Reinforcement Learning for Theorem Proving via Lean
396. ICLR 2026Programming by Backprop: Learning Behaviour from Symbolic Descriptions
397. ICLR 2026PROS: Towards Compute-Efficient RLVR via Rollout Prefix Reuse
398. ICLR 2026Prosperity before Collapse: How Far Can Off-Policy RL Reach with Stale Data on LLMs?
399. ICLR 2026ProxyThinker: Test-Time Guidance through Small Visual Reasoners
400. ICLR 2026Pruning Long Chain-of-Thought of Large Reasoning Models via Small-Scale Preference Optimization

FAQ

How many Reasoning Models papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

3,512 in total: 470 in 2023, 311 in 2024, 932 in 2025, 1,799 in 2026.

How many Reasoning Models papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 361 Reasoning Models papers, versus 500 the year before.

How many Reasoning Models papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 652 Reasoning Models papers, versus 203 the year before.

How many Reasoning Models papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 582 Reasoning Models papers, versus 159 the year before.

How many Reasoning Models papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 204 Reasoning Models papers, versus 70 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Reasoning Models papers?

NeurIPS, with 1,253 papers from 2023 to 2026.