Multimodal LLMs papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multimodal LLMs went from 1,226 papers in 2023 to 5,192 in 2026, roughly 4.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multimodal LLMs work: 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026, 30% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Applications · computer vision: papers tagged with both rose from 35 in 2023 to 596 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 4.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\text{A}^3$-VLA: Automatic Perception-Guided Attention Alignment for Robot Manipulation
• ICML 2026[CLS] is Not Enough: Multi-Label Recognition via Patch-Level Inference and Adaptive Aggregation
• ICLR 2026A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic
• CVPR 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation
• NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
• ICML 2025Adapting While Learning: Grounding LLMs for Scientific Problems with Tool Usage Adaptation
• ICLR 2025$\gamma-$MoD: Exploring Mixture-of-Depth Adaptation for Multimodal Large Language Models
• CVPR 20252DMamba: Efficient State Space Model for Image Representation with Applications on Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Image Classification
• NeurIPS 2024A Concept-Based Explainability Framework for Large Multimodal Models
• ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
• ICLR 2024Alt-Text with Context: Improving Accessibility for Images on Twitter
• CVPR 2024Data-Efficient Multimodal Fusion on a Single GPU
• NeurIPS 20234M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling
• ICML 2023$\pi$-Tuning: Transferring Multimodal Foundation Models with Optimal Multi-task Interpolation
• ICLR 2023A Primal-Dual Framework for Transformers and Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning From Multi-View Images
• NeurIPS 2026$\texttt{bispectrum}$: Selective $G$-Bispectra Made Practical
• ICML 2026$G^2$-Reader: Dual Evolving Graphs for Multimodal Document QA
• ICLR 2026A Comprehensive Information-Decomposition Analysis of Large Vision-Language Models
• CVPR 20263D-IDE 3D Implicit Depth Emergent

All Multimodal LLMs papers

1,074 papers, page 1 of 22

1. NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
2. NeurIPS 2025$\mathcal{X}^2$-DFD: A framework for e$\mathcal{X}$plainable and e$\mathcal{X}$tendable Deepfake Detection
3. NeurIPS 20253D Visual Illusion Depth Estimation
4. NeurIPS 20253D-RAD: A Comprehensive 3D Radiology Med-VQA Dataset with Multi-Temporal Analysis and Diverse Diagnostic Tasks
5. NeurIPS 20253DLLM-Mem: Long-Term Spatial-Temporal Memory for Embodied 3D Large Language Model
6. NeurIPS 20253EED: Ground Everything Everywhere in 3D
7. NeurIPS 20254D-VLA: Spatiotemporal Vision-Language-Action Pretraining with Cross-Scene Calibration
8. NeurIPS 20254DGCPro: Efficient Hierarchical 4D Gaussian Compression for Progressive Volumetric Video Streaming
9. NeurIPS 20254KAgent: Agentic Any Image to 4K Super-Resolution
10. NeurIPS 2025A Circular Argument: Does RoPE need to be Equivariant for Vision?
11. NeurIPS 2025A compressive-expressive communication framework for compositional representations
12. NeurIPS 2025A Frustratingly Simple Yet Highly Effective Attack Baseline: Over 90% Success Rate Against the Strong Black-box Models of GPT-4.5/4o/o1
13. NeurIPS 2025A Implies B: Circuit Analysis in LLMs for Propositional Logical Reasoning
14. NeurIPS 2025A Minimalistic Unified Framework for Incremental Learning across Image Restoration Tasks
15. NeurIPS 2025A Multimodal Benchmark for Framing of Oil & Gas Advertising and Potential Greenwashing Detection
16. NeurIPS 2025A Multimodal BiMamba Network with Test-Time Adaptation for Emotion Recognition Based on Physiological Signals
17. NeurIPS 2025A Standardized Benchmark for Multilabel Antimicrobial Peptide Classification
18. NeurIPS 2025A Theoretical Study on Bridging Internal Probability and Self-Consistency for LLM Reasoning
19. NeurIPS 2025A TRIANGLE Enables Multimodal Alignment Beyond Cosine Similarity
20. NeurIPS 2025A unified framework for establishing the universal approximation of transformer-type architectures
21. NeurIPS 2025A Unified Reasoning Framework for Holistic Zero-Shot Video Anomaly Analysis
22. NeurIPS 2025A Unified Solution to Video Fusion: From Multi-Frame Learning to Benchmarking
23. NeurIPS 2025A$^3$E: Towards Compositional Model Editing
24. NeurIPS 2025A2Seek: Towards Reasoning-Centric Benchmark for Aerial Anomaly Understanding
25. NeurIPS 2025AC-LoRA: (Almost) Training-Free Access Control Aware Multi-Modal LLMs
26. NeurIPS 2025Accelerating Diffusion LLMs via Adaptive Parallel Decoding
27. NeurIPS 2025Accelerating Multimodal Large Language Models via Dynamic Visual-Token Exit and the Empirical Findings
28. NeurIPS 2025ACT as Human: Multimodal Large Language Model Data Annotation with Critical Thinking
29. NeurIPS 2025Actial: Activate Spatial Reasoning Ability of Multimodal Large Language Models
30. NeurIPS 2025Activated LoRA: Fine-tuned LLMs for Intrinsics
31. NeurIPS 2025Active Test-time Vision-Language Navigation
32. NeurIPS 2025ActiveVOO: Value of Observation Guided Active Knowledge Acquisition for Open-World Embodied Lifted Regression Planning
33. NeurIPS 2025AdaLRS: Loss-Guided Adaptive Learning Rate Search for Efficient Foundation Model Pretraining
34. NeurIPS 2025Adaptive Gradient Masking for Balancing ID and MLLM-based Representations in Recommendation
35. NeurIPS 2025Adaptive Re-calibration Learning for Balanced Multimodal Intention Recognition
36. NeurIPS 2025AdaSTaR: Adaptive Data Sampling for Training Self-Taught Reasoners
37. NeurIPS 2025AdaVideoRAG: Omni-Contextual Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Efficient Long Video Understanding
38. NeurIPS 2025ADMN: A Layer-Wise Adaptive Multimodal Network for Dynamic Input Noise and Compute Resources
39. NeurIPS 2025Advancing Compositional Awareness in CLIP with Efficient Fine-Tuning
40. NeurIPS 2025AdvEDM: Fine-grained Adversarial Attack against VLM-based Embodied Agents
41. NeurIPS 2025Adversarial Attacks against Closed-Source MLLMs via Feature Optimal Alignment
42. NeurIPS 2025AffordBot: 3D Fine-grained Embodied Reasoning via Multimodal Large Language Models
43. NeurIPS 2025AgMMU: A Comprehensive Agricultural Multimodal Understanding Benchmark
44. NeurIPS 2025Aha! - Predicting What Matters Next: Online Highlight Detection Without Looking Ahead
45. NeurIPS 2025AI Progress Should Be Measured by Capability-Per-Resource, Not Scale Alone: A Framework for Gradient-Guided Resource Allocation in LLMs
46. NeurIPS 2025AI Testing Should Account for Sophisticated Strategic Behaviour
47. NeurIPS 2025AION-1: Omnimodal Foundation Model for Astronomical Sciences
48. NeurIPS 2025ALE-Bench: A Benchmark for Long-Horizon Objective-Driven Algorithm Engineering
49. NeurIPS 2025Aligning by Misaligning: Boundary-aware Curriculum Learning for Multimodal Alignment
50. NeurIPS 2025AlignVLM: Bridging Vision and Language Latent Spaces for Multimodal Document Understanding

FAQ

How many Multimodal LLMs papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

11,209 in total: 1,226 in 2023, 1,716 in 2024, 3,075 in 2025, 5,192 in 2026.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 1,366 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 1,074 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 1,401 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 816 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,051 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 390 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 1,374 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 795 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multimodal LLMs papers?

NeurIPS, with 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026.