Multimodal LLMs papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multimodal LLMs went from 1,226 papers in 2023 to 5,192 in 2026, roughly 4.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multimodal LLMs work: 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026, 30% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Applications · computer vision: papers tagged with both rose from 35 in 2023 to 596 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 4.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\text{A}^3$-VLA: Automatic Perception-Guided Attention Alignment for Robot Manipulation
• ICML 2026[CLS] is Not Enough: Multi-Label Recognition via Patch-Level Inference and Adaptive Aggregation
• ICLR 2026A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic
• CVPR 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation
• NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
• ICML 2025Adapting While Learning: Grounding LLMs for Scientific Problems with Tool Usage Adaptation
• ICLR 2025$\gamma-$MoD: Exploring Mixture-of-Depth Adaptation for Multimodal Large Language Models
• CVPR 20252DMamba: Efficient State Space Model for Image Representation with Applications on Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Image Classification
• NeurIPS 2024A Concept-Based Explainability Framework for Large Multimodal Models
• ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
• ICLR 2024Alt-Text with Context: Improving Accessibility for Images on Twitter
• CVPR 2024Data-Efficient Multimodal Fusion on a Single GPU
• NeurIPS 20234M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling
• ICML 2023$\pi$-Tuning: Transferring Multimodal Foundation Models with Optimal Multi-task Interpolation
• ICLR 2023A Primal-Dual Framework for Transformers and Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning From Multi-View Images
• NeurIPS 2026$\texttt{bispectrum}$: Selective $G$-Bispectra Made Practical
• ICML 2026$G^2$-Reader: Dual Evolving Graphs for Multimodal Document QA
• ICLR 2026A Comprehensive Information-Decomposition Analysis of Large Vision-Language Models
• CVPR 20263D-IDE 3D Implicit Depth Emergent

All Multimodal LLMs papers

11,207 papers, page 45 of 225

2201. ICLR 2026One Skill, Many Websites: Learning Generalizable Skills Through Polymorphic Abstraction
2202. ICLR 2026One-Step Flow for Image Super-Resolution with Tunable Fidelity-Realism Trade-offs
2203. ICLR 2026OneTwoVLA: A Unified Vision-Language-Action Model with Adaptive Reasoning
2204. ICLR 2026OpenEstimate: Evaluating LLMs on Probabilistic Estimation with Real-World Data
2205. ICLR 2026OpenFly: A COMPREHENSIVE PLATFORM FOR AERIAL VISION-LANGUAGE NAVIGATION
2206. ICLR 2026Optimal Aggregation of LLM and PRM Signals for Efficient Test-Time Scaling
2207. ICLR 2026Optimal Brain Restoration for Joint Quantization and Sparsification of LLMs
2208. ICLR 2026OptimalThinkingBench: Evaluating Over and Underthinking in LLMs
2209. ICLR 2026Optimizing ID Consistency in Multimodal Large Models: Facial Restoration via Alignment, Entanglement, and Disentanglement
2210. ICLR 2026OptimSyn: Influence-Guided Rubrics Optimization for Synthetic Data Generation
2211. ICLR 2026OptMerge: Unifying Multimodal LLM Capabilities and Modalities via Model Merging
2212. ICLR 2026ORION: Decoupling and Alignment for Unified Autoregressive Understanding and Generation
2213. ICLR 2026Out of the Memory Barrier: A Highly Memory-Efficient Training System for LLMs with Million-Token Contexts
2214. ICLR 2026Overcoming Joint Intractability with Lossless Hierarchical Speculative Decoding
2215. ICLR 2026P$^2$-DPO:Grounding Hallucination in Perceptual Processing via Calibration Direct Preference Optimization
2216. ICLR 2026Parallel Multimodal Diffusion Language Models for Thinking-Aware Editing and Generation
2217. ICLR 2026Parallel Token Generation for Language Models
2218. ICLR 2026ParallelBench: Understanding the Trade-offs of Parallel Decoding in Diffusion LLMs
2219. ICLR 2026ParoQuant: Pairwise Rotation Quantization for Efficient Reasoning LLM Inference
2220. ICLR 2026Part-level Semantic-guided Contrastive Learning for Fine-grained Visual Classification
2221. ICLR 2026Part-X-MLLM: Part-aware 3D Multimodal Large Language Model
2222. ICLR 2026PASER: Post-Training Data Selection for Efficient Pruned Large Language Model Recovery
2223. ICLR 2026Patch-as-Decodable-Token: Towards Unified Multi-Modal Vision Tasks in MLLMs
2224. ICLR 2026Pay Less Attention to Function Words for Free Robustness of Vision-Language Models
2225. ICLR 2026PCB-Bench: Benchmarking LLMs for Printed Circuit Board Placement and Routing
2226. ICLR 2026PCLR: Progressively Compressed LoRA for Multimodal Continual Instruction Tuning
2227. ICLR 2026Pedagogically-Inspired Data Synthesis for Language Model Knowledge Distillation
2228. ICLR 2026Perception-Aware Policy Optimization for Multimodal Reasoning
2229. ICLR 2026Perception-R1: Advancing Multimodal Reasoning Capabilities of MLLMs via Visual Perception Reward
2230. ICLR 2026PERK: Long-Context Reasoning as Parameter-Efficient Test-Time Learning
2231. ICLR 2026Person-Centric Annotations of LAION-400M: Auditing Bias and Its Transfer to Models
2232. ICLR 2026Personalized Reasoning: Just-in-time Personalization and Why LLMs Fail at It
2233. ICLR 2026PersonaX: Multimodal Datasets with LLM-Inferred Behavior Traits
2234. ICLR 2026PerSpectra: A Scalable and Configurable Pluralist Benchmark of Perspectives from Arguments
2235. ICLR 2026PETRI: Learning Unified Cell Embeddings from Unpaired Modalities via Early-Fusion Joint Reconstruction
2236. ICLR 2026pFedMMA: Personalized Federated Fine-Tuning with Multi-Modal Adapter for Vision-Language Models
2237. ICLR 2026Phantom-Data: Towards a General Subject-Consistent Video Generation Dataset
2238. ICLR 2026Photon: Speedup Volume Understanding with Efficient Multimodal Large Language Models
2239. ICLR 2026PHyCLIP: $\ell_1$-Product of Hyperbolic Factors Unifies Hierarchy and Compositionality in Vision-Language Representation Learning
2240. ICLR 2026PhysLLM: Harnessing Large Language Models for Cross-Modal Remote Physiological Sensing
2241. ICLR 2026Pi-CCA: Prompt-Invariant CCA Certificates for Replay-Free Continual Multimodal Learning
2242. ICLR 2026PICABench: How Far are We from Physical Realistic Image Editing?
2243. ICLR 2026Pitfalls in Evaluating Language Model Forecasters
2244. ICLR 2026PixelCraft: A Multi-Agent system for High-Fidelity Visual Reasoning on Structured Images
2245. ICLR 2026PixelVLA: Advancing Pixel-level Understanding in Vision-Language-Action Model
2246. ICLR 2026Plan then Act: Bi-level CAD Command Sequence Generation
2247. ICLR 2026Plan-Answer-Refine-on-Graph: Structured Planning and Self-Refinement for Large Language Model Reasoning on Knowledge Graphs
2248. ICLR 2026Planning with an Embodied Learnable Memory
2249. ICLR 2026Plug-and-Play Compositionality for Boosting Continual Learning with Foundation Models
2250. ICLR 2026Plug, Play, and Fortify: A Low-Cost Module for Robust Multimodal Image Understanding Models

FAQ

How many Multimodal LLMs papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

11,209 in total: 1,226 in 2023, 1,716 in 2024, 3,075 in 2025, 5,192 in 2026.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 1,366 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 1,074 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 1,401 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 816 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,051 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 390 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 1,374 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 795 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multimodal LLMs papers?

NeurIPS, with 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026.