Multimodal LLMs papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multimodal LLMs went from 1,226 papers in 2023 to 5,192 in 2026, roughly 4.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multimodal LLMs work: 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026, 30% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Applications · computer vision: papers tagged with both rose from 35 in 2023 to 596 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 4.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\text{A}^3$-VLA: Automatic Perception-Guided Attention Alignment for Robot Manipulation
• ICML 2026[CLS] is Not Enough: Multi-Label Recognition via Patch-Level Inference and Adaptive Aggregation
• ICLR 2026A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic
• CVPR 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation
• NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
• ICML 2025Adapting While Learning: Grounding LLMs for Scientific Problems with Tool Usage Adaptation
• ICLR 2025$\gamma-$MoD: Exploring Mixture-of-Depth Adaptation for Multimodal Large Language Models
• CVPR 20252DMamba: Efficient State Space Model for Image Representation with Applications on Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Image Classification
• NeurIPS 2024A Concept-Based Explainability Framework for Large Multimodal Models
• ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
• ICLR 2024Alt-Text with Context: Improving Accessibility for Images on Twitter
• CVPR 2024Data-Efficient Multimodal Fusion on a Single GPU
• NeurIPS 20234M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling
• ICML 2023$\pi$-Tuning: Transferring Multimodal Foundation Models with Optimal Multi-task Interpolation
• ICLR 2023A Primal-Dual Framework for Transformers and Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning From Multi-View Images
• NeurIPS 2026$\texttt{bispectrum}$: Selective $G$-Bispectra Made Practical
• ICML 2026$G^2$-Reader: Dual Evolving Graphs for Multimodal Document QA
• ICLR 2026A Comprehensive Information-Decomposition Analysis of Large Vision-Language Models
• CVPR 20263D-IDE 3D Implicit Depth Emergent

All Multimodal LLMs papers

1,366 papers, page 4 of 28

151. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Chamfer Distance: Granular Order-aware Evaluation Metric For Online Mapping
152. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Data Scaling: Representation-Centric Pre-training for Vision-Language-Action Models
153. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Encoder Accumulation: Measuring Encoder Roles in Multi-Encoder VLMs
154. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Family Labels: A Taxonomic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Prior for Avian 3D Shape Recovery
155. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Flat Frames: Hierarchical Graph Reasoning for Long Video Understanding
156. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Flat Gossip: Tiered Gossip Learning for Scalable Collaborative AI
157. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Global Alignment: Structured Compositional Reasoning for Vision-Language Models
158. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Ground Truth: Evaluating Non-Verifiable Reasoning in LLMs through Moral Robustness
159. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Interpretability: When, Why, and How Sparse Autoencoders Enable Label-Free Visual Steering
160. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Langevin: Sampling Multimodal Densities using the Witten Laplacian on 1-forms
161. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Modality Fusion: Deep Ensembles for Multimodal Classification
162. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Pairwise Supervision: Spectral Characteristic Matching for Data-Efficient Multimodal Alignment
163. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Parameter Arithmetic: Sparse Complementary Fusion for Distribution-Aware Model Merging
164. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Raw Context Transfer: Representation-based Federated Retrieval-Augmented Generation
165. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Real or Fake: A Dual-Channel Authenticity and Reasoning Protocol for Photographic Assessment
166. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Scalar Distances: Semantic Attribute Gradients from Frozen MLLMs for Visual Embeddings
167. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Single Expert: Harmonizing Diverse Visual Priors in MLLMs for Spatial Understanding
168. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Sparse Captions: Aligning Slide-Level Text and Patch-Level Vision in Pathology
169. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Spatial and Temporal Priors: A Generalizable Approach for Dense Correspondence Matching
170. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Stabilization: Dual-EMA Teachers for Global–Local Semantic Learning in Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation
171. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Unidirectional: Unsupervised Trajectory Learning for Omnidirectional Controllable Underwater Image Enhancement
172. NeurIPS 2026Beyond What Seems Necessary: Hidden Gains from Scaling Training-Time Reasoning Length under Outcome Supervision
173. NeurIPS 2026BIAS-ID: A Framework for Analyzing Transformation Biases in AI-Generated Image Detectors
174. NeurIPS 2026Bidirectional Sparse Attention for Faster Video Diffusion Training
175. NeurIPS 2026BigCell: Generating Gigapixel Whole-Slide Images
176. NeurIPS 2026Biomedical Acquisition-induced Style Shifts as Mixture Shifts: Style-aware Mixture-of-Experts Multimodal Prompt Learning
177. NeurIPS 2026BitDance: Scaling Autoregressive Generative Models with Binary Tokens
178. NeurIPS 2026Black-Box Followers, White-Box Leaders: Partial Zeroth-Order Methods for MPECs
179. NeurIPS 2026BLEND: Balancing Personalization vs. Generalization in Federated Vision–Language Models
180. NeurIPS 2026BlendCast: Teaching Vision-Language Model to Anticipate Member Skill in Weather Ensembles
181. NeurIPS 2026BoardGameArena: A Multi-Dimensional Benchmark for Strategic Reasoning of LLMs in Board Games
182. NeurIPS 2026BOOST: Power-Optimal Strong-FWER Testing for Block-Structured Multiplicity
183. NeurIPS 2026Boosting Brain-to-Image Decoding with TRIBE v2 Data Augmentation
184. NeurIPS 2026Boosting Inference with Guided Reasoning: Stochastic Exploration for Recursive Models
185. NeurIPS 2026Bound-Conditioned Latent Inference for Progressive Image Compression
186. NeurIPS 2026Bounding Global and Local Compression Error of Signal Parameterizations
187. NeurIPS 2026BoxTuning: Object-Aware Visual Prompting for Multimodal Model Fine-Tuning
188. NeurIPS 2026Brain-OF: An Omnifunctional Foundation Model for fMRI, EEG and MEG
189. NeurIPS 2026BrainEM: A Large-Scale and Diverse Benchmark for EM Neuron Segmentation in Connectomics
190. NeurIPS 2026BrainVista: Modeling Naturalistic Brain Dynamics as Multimodal Next-Token Prediction
191. NeurIPS 2026BrainWorld: A Structural-Prior-Conditioned Generative Model for Whole-Brain 4D fMRI Dynamics
192. NeurIPS 2026Brenier Meets Adversarial Training: Optimal Transport Geometry for Robust Learning
193. NeurIPS 2026Bridging 1D, 2D, and 3D with Any-to-Any Multimodal Modeling
194. NeurIPS 2026Bridging CLIP with DINO: Cross-Modal Information Maximization for Online Test-Time Adaptation
195. NeurIPS 2026Bridging Image Restoration and Recognition via Causal Mediated Unrolling
196. NeurIPS 2026Bridging Modalities, Spanning Time: Structured Memory for Ultra-Long Agentic Video Reasoning
197. NeurIPS 2026Bridging Structure and Language: Graph-Based Visual Reasoning for Autonomous Road Understanding
198. NeurIPS 2026Bridging the Gap: Position-Independent Cache Reuse for Hybrid SSM-Attention Architectures
199. NeurIPS 2026BusterX: MLLM-Powered AI-Generated Video Forgery Detection and Explanation
200. NeurIPS 2026C2FT: Enhancing Fine-Grained Perception in MLLMs via Confuse-then-Contrast Fine-Tuning

FAQ

How many Multimodal LLMs papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

11,209 in total: 1,226 in 2023, 1,716 in 2024, 3,075 in 2025, 5,192 in 2026.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 1,366 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 1,074 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 1,401 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 816 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,051 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 390 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 1,374 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 795 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multimodal LLMs papers?

NeurIPS, with 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026.