Multimodal LLMs papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multimodal LLMs went from 1,226 papers in 2023 to 5,192 in 2026, roughly 4.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multimodal LLMs work: 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026, 30% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Applications · computer vision: papers tagged with both rose from 35 in 2023 to 596 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 4.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\text{A}^3$-VLA: Automatic Perception-Guided Attention Alignment for Robot Manipulation
• ICML 2026[CLS] is Not Enough: Multi-Label Recognition via Patch-Level Inference and Adaptive Aggregation
• ICLR 2026A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic
• CVPR 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation
• NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
• ICML 2025Adapting While Learning: Grounding LLMs for Scientific Problems with Tool Usage Adaptation
• ICLR 2025$\gamma-$MoD: Exploring Mixture-of-Depth Adaptation for Multimodal Large Language Models
• CVPR 20252DMamba: Efficient State Space Model for Image Representation with Applications on Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Image Classification
• NeurIPS 2024A Concept-Based Explainability Framework for Large Multimodal Models
• ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
• ICLR 2024Alt-Text with Context: Improving Accessibility for Images on Twitter
• CVPR 2024Data-Efficient Multimodal Fusion on a Single GPU
• NeurIPS 20234M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling
• ICML 2023$\pi$-Tuning: Transferring Multimodal Foundation Models with Optimal Multi-task Interpolation
• ICLR 2023A Primal-Dual Framework for Transformers and Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning From Multi-View Images
• NeurIPS 2026$\texttt{bispectrum}$: Selective $G$-Bispectra Made Practical
• ICML 2026$G^2$-Reader: Dual Evolving Graphs for Multimodal Document QA
• ICLR 2026A Comprehensive Information-Decomposition Analysis of Large Vision-Language Models
• CVPR 20263D-IDE 3D Implicit Depth Emergent

All Multimodal LLMs papers

2,676 papers, page 4 of 54

151. ICLR 2026Cascadia: An Efficient Cascade Serving System for Large Language Models
152. ICLR 2026Cat-PO: Cross-modal Adaptive Token-rewards for Preference Optimization in Truthful Multimodal LLMs
153. ICLR 2026Catching the Details: Self-Distilled RoI Predictors for Fine-Grained MLLM Perception
154. ICLR 2026CaTs and DAGs: Integrating Directed Acyclic Graphs with Transformers for Causally Constrained Predictions
155. ICLR 2026CaTS: Calibrated Test-Time Scaling for Efficient LLM Reasoning
156. ICLR 2026Causality ≠ Invariance: Function and Concept Vectors in LLMs
157. ICLR 2026Cautious Optimizers: Improving Training with One Line of Code
158. ICLR 2026CellDuality: Unlocking Biological Reasoning in LLMs with Self-Supervised RLVR
159. ICLR 2026CerebraGloss: Instruction-Tuning a Large Vision-Language Model for Fine-Grained Clinical EEG Interpretation
160. ICLR 2026ChainMPQ: Interleaved Text-Image Reasoning Chains for Mitigating Relation Hallucinations
161. ICLR 2026Channel-Aware Mixed-Precision Quantization for Efficient Long-Context Inference
162. ICLR 2026Chart Deep Research in LVLMs via Parallel Relative Policy Optimization
163. ICLR 2026ChartGalaxy: A Dataset for Infographic Chart Understanding and Generation
164. ICLR 2026ChemEval: A Multi-level and Fine-grained Chemical Capability Evaluation for Large Language Models
165. ICLR 2026Children's Intelligence Tests Pose Challenges for MLLMs? KidGym: A 2D Grid-Based Reasoning Benchmark for MLLMs
166. ICLR 2026ChronoEdit: Towards Temporal Reasoning for In-Context Image Editing and World Simulation
167. ICLR 2026CIMemories: A Compositional Benchmark For Contextual Integrity In LLMs
168. ICLR 2026CityLens: Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models for Urban Socioeconomic Sensing
169. ICLR 2026CitySeeker: How Do VLMs Explore Embodied Urban Navigation with Implicit Human Needs?
170. ICLR 2026CLEAR: Calibrated Learning for Epistemic and Aleatoric Risk
171. ICLR 2026CLIP Behaves like a Bag-of-Words Model Cross-modally but not Uni-modally
172. ICLR 2026CLIP-FMoE: Scalable CLIP via Fused Mixture-of-Experts with Enforced Specialization
173. ICLR 2026Closing the Gap Between Text and Speech Understanding in LLMs
174. ICLR 2026Closing the Modality Gap Aligns Group-Wise Semantics
175. ICLR 2026CLUE: Conflict-guided Localization for LLM Unlearning Framework
176. ICLR 2026Co-rewarding: Stable Self-supervised RL for Eliciting Reasoning in Large Language Models
177. ICLR 2026CodeBrain: Towards Decoupled Interpretability and Multi-Scale Architecture for EEG Foundation Model
178. ICLR 2026CodeQuant: Unified Clustering and Quantization for Enhanced Outlier Smoothing in Low-Precision Mixture-of-Experts
179. ICLR 2026Codified Finite-state Machines for Role-playing
180. ICLR 2026CoFact: Conformal Factuality Guarantees for Language Models under Distribution Shift
181. ICLR 2026CogFlow: Bridging Perception and Reasoning through Knowledge Internalization for Visual Mathematical Problem Solving
182. ICLR 2026CogMoE: Signal-Quality–Guided Multimodal MoE for Cognitive Load Prediction
183. ICLR 2026COLD-Steer: Steering Large Language Models via In-Context One-step Learning Dynamics
184. ICLR 2026CoMem: Compositional Concept-Graph Memory for Vision–Language Adaptation
185. ICLR 2026COMPACT: COMPositional Atomic-to-Complex Visual Capability Tuning
186. ICLR 2026Comparing the learning dynamics of in-context learning and fine-tuning in language models
187. ICLR 2026CompassNav: Steering From Path Imitation to Decision Understanding In Navigation
188. ICLR 2026CompoDistill: Attention Distillation for Compositional Reasoning in Multimodal LLMs
189. ICLR 2026Compose and Fuse: Revisiting the Foundational Bottlenecks in Multimodal Reasoning
190. ICLR 2026Compose Your Policies! Improving Diffusion-based or Flow-based Robot Policies via Test-time Distribution-level Composition
191. ICLR 2026Composer: A Search Framework for Hybrid Neural Architecture Design
192. ICLR 2026Compositional-ARC: Assessing Systematic Generalization in Abstract Spatial Reasoning
193. ICLR 2026Compute-Optimal Quantization-Aware Training
194. ICLR 2026CoNavBench: Collaborative Long-Horizon Vision-Language Navigation Benchmark
195. ICLR 2026CONCUR: A Framework for Continual Constrained and Unconstrained Routing
196. ICLR 2026Conditioned Initialization for Attention
197. ICLR 2026Conformal Prediction for Long-Tailed Classification
198. ICLR 2026Consolidating Reinforcement Learning for Multimodal Discrete Diffusion Models
199. ICLR 2026Constantly Improving Image Models Need Constantly Improving Benchmarks
200. ICLR 2026Constitutional Classifiers++: Production-Grade Defenses against Universal Jailbreaks

FAQ

How many Multimodal LLMs papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

11,209 in total: 1,226 in 2023, 1,716 in 2024, 3,075 in 2025, 5,192 in 2026.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 1,366 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 1,074 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 1,401 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 816 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,051 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 390 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 1,374 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 795 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multimodal LLMs papers?

NeurIPS, with 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026.