Multimodal LLMs papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multimodal LLMs went from 1,226 papers in 2023 to 5,192 in 2026, roughly 4.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multimodal LLMs work: 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026, 30% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Applications · computer vision: papers tagged with both rose from 35 in 2023 to 596 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 4.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\text{A}^3$-VLA: Automatic Perception-Guided Attention Alignment for Robot Manipulation
• ICML 2026[CLS] is Not Enough: Multi-Label Recognition via Patch-Level Inference and Adaptive Aggregation
• ICLR 2026A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic
• CVPR 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation
• NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
• ICML 2025Adapting While Learning: Grounding LLMs for Scientific Problems with Tool Usage Adaptation
• ICLR 2025$\gamma-$MoD: Exploring Mixture-of-Depth Adaptation for Multimodal Large Language Models
• CVPR 20252DMamba: Efficient State Space Model for Image Representation with Applications on Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Image Classification
• NeurIPS 2024A Concept-Based Explainability Framework for Large Multimodal Models
• ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
• ICLR 2024Alt-Text with Context: Improving Accessibility for Images on Twitter
• CVPR 2024Data-Efficient Multimodal Fusion on a Single GPU
• NeurIPS 20234M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling
• ICML 2023$\pi$-Tuning: Transferring Multimodal Foundation Models with Optimal Multi-task Interpolation
• ICLR 2023A Primal-Dual Framework for Transformers and Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning From Multi-View Images
• NeurIPS 2026$\texttt{bispectrum}$: Selective $G$-Bispectra Made Practical
• ICML 2026$G^2$-Reader: Dual Evolving Graphs for Multimodal Document QA
• ICLR 2026A Comprehensive Information-Decomposition Analysis of Large Vision-Language Models
• CVPR 20263D-IDE 3D Implicit Depth Emergent

All Multimodal LLMs papers

1,401 papers, page 3 of 29

101. ICLR 2026Beyond Raw Detection Scores: Markov-Informed Calibration for Boosting Machine-Generated Text Detection
102. ICLR 2026Beyond Real: Imaginary Extension of Rotary Position Embeddings for Long-Context LLMs
103. ICLR 2026Beyond Scattered Acceptance: Fast and Coherent Inference for DLMs via Longest Stable Prefixes
104. ICLR 2026Beyond Speedup - Utilizing KV Cache for Sampling and Reasoning
105. ICLR 2026Beyond Static Vision: Scene Dynamic Field Unlocks Intuitive Physics Understanding in Multi-modal Large Language Models
106. ICLR 2026Beyond Student: An Asymmetric Network for Neural Network Inheritance
107. ICLR 2026Beyond Text-Only: Towards Multimodal Table Retrieval in Open-World
108. ICLR 2026Beyond URLs: Metadata Diversity and Position for Efficient LLM Pretraining
109. ICLR 2026Bias Similarity Measurement: A Black-Box Audit of Fairness Across LLMs
110. ICLR 2026BideDPO: Conditional Image Generation with Simultaneous Text and Condition Alignment
111. ICLR 2026Bilateral Information-aware Test-time Adaptation for Vision-Language Models
112. ICLR 2026BioCAP: Exploiting Synthetic Captions Beyond Labels in Biological Foundation Models
113. ICLR 2026Bird's-eye-view Informed Reasoning Driver
114. ICLR 2026Block Recurrent Dynamics in Vision Transformers
115. ICLR 2026Block-wise Adaptive Caching for Accelerating Diffusion Policy
116. ICLR 2026BOLT: Decision‑Aligned Distillation and Budget-Aware Routing for Constrained Multimodal QA on Robots
117. ICLR 2026Bongard-RWR+: Real-World Representations of Fine-Grained Concepts in Bongard Problems
118. ICLR 2026Boosting Medical Visual Understanding From Multi-Granular Language Learning
119. ICLR 2026Boosting Multi-Domain Reasoning of LLMs via Curvature-Guided Policy Optimization
120. ICLR 2026Bootstrapping MLLM for Weakly‑Supervised Class‑Agnostic Object Counting
121. ICLR 2026BOTS: A Unified Framework for Bayesian Online Task Selection in LLM Reinforcement Finetuning
122. ICLR 2026Bottlenecked Transformers: Periodic KV Cache Consolidation for Generalised Reasoning
123. ICLR 2026Branch and Bound Search for Exact MAP Inference in Credal Networks
124. ICLR 2026Branched Schrödinger Bridge Matching
125. ICLR 2026Breaking Agent Backbones: Evaluating the Security of Backbone LLMs in AI Agents
126. ICLR 2026Breaking the SFT Plateau: Multimodal Structured Reinforcement Learning for Chart-to-Code Generation
127. ICLR 2026Bridging Draft Policy Misalignment: Group Tree Optimization for Speculative Decoding
128. ICLR 2026Bridging Radiology and Pathology Foundation Models via Concept-Based Multimodal Co-Adaptation
129. ICLR 2026Bridging the Gap Between Promise and Performance for FP4 Quantization
130. ICLR 2026C-Evolve: Consensus-based Evolution for Prompt Groups
131. ICLR 2026Cache What Lasts: Token Retention for Memory-Bounded KV Cache in LLMs
132. ICLR 2026Cache-to-Cache: Direct Semantic Communication Between Large Language Models
133. ICLR 2026Cactus: Accelerating Auto-Regressive Decoding with Constrained Acceptance Speculative Sampling
134. ICLR 2026cadrille: Multi-modal CAD Reconstruction with Reinforcement Learning
135. ICLR 2026Calibrating Verbalized Confidence with Self-Generated Distractors
136. ICLR 2026Can Large Language Models Match the Conclusions of Systematic Reviews?
137. ICLR 2026Can LLMs Move Beyond Short Exchanges to Realistic Therapy Conversations?
138. ICLR 2026Can LLMs Reason Soundly in Law? Auditing Inference Patterns for Legal Judgment
139. ICLR 2026Can LLMs Refuse Questions They Do Not Know? Measuring Knowledge-Aware Refusal in Factual Tasks
140. ICLR 2026Can SAEs reveal and mitigate racial biases of LLMs in healthcare?
141. ICLR 2026Can Vision-Language Models Answer Face to Face Questions in the Real-World?
142. ICLR 2026Can Vision–Language Models Assess Graphic Design Aesthetics? A Benchmark, Evaluation, and Dataset Perspective.
143. ICLR 2026Can we generate portable representations for clinical time series data using LLMs?
144. ICLR 2026Capacity-Aware Inference: Mitigating the Straggler Effect in Mixture of Experts
145. ICLR 2026CapRL: Stimulating Dense Image Caption Capabilities via Reinforcement Learning
146. ICLR 2026CAR-LoRA: Training Compression-Aware and Robust LoRA Adapters for Evolving LLMs
147. ICLR 2026CARE: Towards Clinical Accountability in Multi-Modal Medical Reasoning with an Evidence-Grounded Agentic Framework
148. ICLR 2026CaReBench: A Fine-grained Benchmark for Video Captioning and Retrieval
149. ICLR 2026CARL: Camera-Agnostic Representation Learning for Spectral Image Analysis
150. ICLR 2026CARPRT: Class-Aware Zero-Shot Prompt Reweighting for Vision-Language Model

FAQ

How many Multimodal LLMs papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

11,209 in total: 1,226 in 2023, 1,716 in 2024, 3,075 in 2025, 5,192 in 2026.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 1,366 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 1,074 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 1,401 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 816 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,051 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 390 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 1,374 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 795 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multimodal LLMs papers?

NeurIPS, with 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026.