Multimodal LLMs papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multimodal LLMs went from 1,226 papers in 2023 to 5,192 in 2026, roughly 4.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multimodal LLMs work: 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026, 30% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Applications · computer vision: papers tagged with both rose from 35 in 2023 to 596 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 4.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\text{A}^3$-VLA: Automatic Perception-Guided Attention Alignment for Robot Manipulation
• ICML 2026[CLS] is Not Enough: Multi-Label Recognition via Patch-Level Inference and Adaptive Aggregation
• ICLR 2026A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic
• CVPR 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation
• NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
• ICML 2025Adapting While Learning: Grounding LLMs for Scientific Problems with Tool Usage Adaptation
• ICLR 2025$\gamma-$MoD: Exploring Mixture-of-Depth Adaptation for Multimodal Large Language Models
• CVPR 20252DMamba: Efficient State Space Model for Image Representation with Applications on Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Image Classification
• NeurIPS 2024A Concept-Based Explainability Framework for Large Multimodal Models
• ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
• ICLR 2024Alt-Text with Context: Improving Accessibility for Images on Twitter
• CVPR 2024Data-Efficient Multimodal Fusion on a Single GPU
• NeurIPS 20234M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling
• ICML 2023$\pi$-Tuning: Transferring Multimodal Foundation Models with Optimal Multi-task Interpolation
• ICLR 2023A Primal-Dual Framework for Transformers and Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning From Multi-View Images
• NeurIPS 2026$\texttt{bispectrum}$: Selective $G$-Bispectra Made Practical
• ICML 2026$G^2$-Reader: Dual Evolving Graphs for Multimodal Document QA
• ICLR 2026A Comprehensive Information-Decomposition Analysis of Large Vision-Language Models
• CVPR 20263D-IDE 3D Implicit Depth Emergent

All Multimodal LLMs papers

1,716 papers, page 27 of 35

1301. NeurIPS 2024Artemis: Towards Referential Understanding in Complex Videos
1302. NeurIPS 2024Ask, Attend, Attack: An Effective Decision-Based Black-Box Targeted Attack for Image-to-Text Models
1303. NeurIPS 2024Automated Multi-level Preference for MLLMs
1304. NeurIPS 2024Automating Dataset Updates Towards Reliable and Timely Evaluation of Large Language Models
1305. NeurIPS 2024AWT: Transferring Vision-Language Models via Augmentation, Weighting, and Transportation
1306. NeurIPS 2024Bag of Tricks: Benchmarking of Jailbreak Attacks on LLMs
1307. NeurIPS 2024Bayesian-guided Label Mapping for Visual Reprogramming
1308. NeurIPS 2024Benchmarking LLMs via Uncertainty Quantification
1309. NeurIPS 2024Benchmarking Trustworthiness of Multimodal Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Study
1310. NeurIPS 2024BenchX: A Unified Benchmark Framework for Medical Vision-Language Pretraining on Chest X-Rays
1311. NeurIPS 2024BendVLM: Test-Time Debiasing of Vision-Language Embeddings
1312. NeurIPS 2024Beyond Accuracy: Ensuring Correct Predictions With Correct Rationales
1313. NeurIPS 2024Beyond Concept Bottleneck Models: How to Make Black Boxes Intervenable?
1314. NeurIPS 2024Biologically Inspired Learning Model for Instructed Vision
1315. NeurIPS 2024Biomedical Visual Instruction Tuning with Clinician Preference Alignment
1316. NeurIPS 2024BIOSCAN-5M: A Multimodal Dataset for Insect Biodiversity
1317. NeurIPS 2024BioTrove: A Large Curated Image Dataset Enabling AI for Biodiversity
1318. NeurIPS 2024BiVLC: Extending Vision-Language Compositionality Evaluation with Text-to-Image Retrieval
1319. NeurIPS 2024Black-Box Forgetting
1320. NeurIPS 2024BLEnD: A Benchmark for LLMs on Everyday Knowledge in Diverse Cultures and Languages
1321. NeurIPS 2024BoostAdapter: Improving Vision-Language Test-Time Adaptation via Regional Bootstrapping
1322. NeurIPS 2024Boosting Vision-Language Models with Transduction
1323. NeurIPS 2024Brain Treebank: Large-scale intracranial recordings from naturalistic language stimuli
1324. NeurIPS 2024Bridge the Modality and Capability Gaps in Vision-Language Model Selection
1325. NeurIPS 2024CableInspect-AD: An Expert-Annotated Anomaly Detection Dataset
1326. NeurIPS 2024Calibrated Self-Rewarding Vision Language Models
1327. NeurIPS 2024CALVIN: Improved Contextual Video Captioning via Instruction Tuning
1328. NeurIPS 2024Cambrian-1: A Fully Open, Vision-Centric Exploration of Multimodal LLMs
1329. NeurIPS 2024Can LLMs Learn by Teaching for Better Reasoning? A Preliminary Study
1330. NeurIPS 2024Can LLMs Solve Molecule Puzzles? A Multimodal Benchmark for Molecular Structure Elucidation
1331. NeurIPS 2024CARES: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Trustworthiness in Medical Vision Language Models
1332. NeurIPS 2024CausalChaos! Dataset for Comprehensive Causal Action Question Answering Over Longer Causal Chains Grounded in Dynamic Visual Scenes
1333. NeurIPS 2024CharXiv: Charting Gaps in Realistic Chart Understanding in Multimodal LLMs
1334. NeurIPS 2024ChatTracker: Enhancing Visual Tracking Performance via Chatting with Multimodal Large Language Model
1335. NeurIPS 2024CLAP4CLIP: Continual Learning with Probabilistic Finetuning for Vision-Language Models
1336. NeurIPS 2024Classification Done Right for Vision-Language Pre-Training
1337. NeurIPS 2024Classifier-guided Gradient Modulation for Enhanced Multimodal Learning
1338. NeurIPS 2024ClevrSkills: Compositional Language And Visual Reasoning in Robotics
1339. NeurIPS 2024CLIPCEIL: Domain Generalization through CLIP via Channel rEfinement and Image-text aLignment
1340. NeurIPS 2024CLIPLoss and Norm-Based Data Selection Methods for Multimodal Contrastive Learning
1341. NeurIPS 2024Cloud Object Detector Adaptation by Integrating Different Source Knowledge
1342. NeurIPS 2024Coarse-to-Fine Concept Bottleneck Models
1343. NeurIPS 2024CODE: Contrasting Self-generated Description to Combat Hallucination in Large Multi-modal Models
1344. NeurIPS 2024CogVLM: Visual Expert for Pretrained Language Models
1345. NeurIPS 2024CoIN: A Benchmark of Continual Instruction Tuning for Multimodel Large Language Models
1346. NeurIPS 2024COLD: Causal reasOning in cLosed Daily activities
1347. NeurIPS 2024ConceptMix: A Compositional Image Generation Benchmark with Controllable Difficulty
1348. NeurIPS 2024Conformal Alignment: Knowing When to Trust Foundation Models with Guarantees
1349. NeurIPS 2024Conjugated Semantic Pool Improves OOD Detection with Pre-trained Vision-Language Models
1350. NeurIPS 2024ConMe: Rethinking Evaluation of Compositional Reasoning for Modern VLMs

FAQ

How many Multimodal LLMs papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

11,209 in total: 1,226 in 2023, 1,716 in 2024, 3,075 in 2025, 5,192 in 2026.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 1,366 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 1,074 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 1,401 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 816 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,051 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 390 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 1,374 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 795 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multimodal LLMs papers?

NeurIPS, with 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026.