Multimodal LLMs papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multimodal LLMs went from 1,226 papers in 2023 to 5,192 in 2026, roughly 4.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multimodal LLMs work: 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026, 30% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Applications · computer vision: papers tagged with both rose from 35 in 2023 to 596 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 4.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\text{A}^3$-VLA: Automatic Perception-Guided Attention Alignment for Robot Manipulation
• ICML 2026[CLS] is Not Enough: Multi-Label Recognition via Patch-Level Inference and Adaptive Aggregation
• ICLR 2026A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic
• CVPR 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation
• NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
• ICML 2025Adapting While Learning: Grounding LLMs for Scientific Problems with Tool Usage Adaptation
• ICLR 2025$\gamma-$MoD: Exploring Mixture-of-Depth Adaptation for Multimodal Large Language Models
• CVPR 20252DMamba: Efficient State Space Model for Image Representation with Applications on Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Image Classification
• NeurIPS 2024A Concept-Based Explainability Framework for Large Multimodal Models
• ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
• ICLR 2024Alt-Text with Context: Improving Accessibility for Images on Twitter
• CVPR 2024Data-Efficient Multimodal Fusion on a Single GPU
• NeurIPS 20234M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling
• ICML 2023$\pi$-Tuning: Transferring Multimodal Foundation Models with Optimal Multi-task Interpolation
• ICLR 2023A Primal-Dual Framework for Transformers and Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning From Multi-View Images
• NeurIPS 2026$\texttt{bispectrum}$: Selective $G$-Bispectra Made Practical
• ICML 2026$G^2$-Reader: Dual Evolving Graphs for Multimodal Document QA
• ICLR 2026A Comprehensive Information-Decomposition Analysis of Large Vision-Language Models
• CVPR 20263D-IDE 3D Implicit Depth Emergent

All Multimodal LLMs papers

1,401 papers, page 23 of 29

1101. ICLR 2026Sparsity-promoting Fine-tuning for Equivariant Materials Foundation Model
1102. ICLR 2026Spatial CAPTCHA: Generatively Benchmarking Spatial Reasoning for Human-Machine Differentiation
1103. ICLR 2026Spatial Forcing: Implicit Spatial Representation Alignment for Vision-language-action Model
1104. ICLR 2026Spatial Reasoning with Vision-Language Models in Ego-Centric Multi-View Scenes
1105. ICLR 2026Spatial-DISE: A Unified Benchmark for Evaluating Spatial Reasoning in Vision-Language Models
1106. ICLR 2026SpatialLadder: Progressive Training for Spatial Reasoning in Vision-Language Models
1107. ICLR 2026Spatially Guided Training for Vision-Language-Action Model
1108. ICLR 2026SpatialViz-Bench: A Cognitively-Grounded Benchmark for Diagnosing Spatial Visualization in MLLMs
1109. ICLR 2026SPECS: Decoupling Multimodal Learning via Self-distilled Preference-based Cold Start
1110. ICLR 2026SpectraLLM: Uncovering the Ability of LLMs for Molecule Structure Elucidation from Multi-Spectra
1111. ICLR 2026Speculative Speculative Decoding
1112. ICLR 2026Speech-to-LaTeX: New Models and Datasets for Converting Spoken Equations and Sentences
1113. ICLR 2026SPICE: Submodular Penalized Information–Conflict Selection for Efficient Large Language Model Training
1114. ICLR 2026SPIKE-RL: Video-LLMs meet Bayesian Surprise
1115. ICLR 2026SpikeStereoNet: A Brain-Inspired Framework for Stereo Depth Estimation from Spike Streams
1116. ICLR 2026SpinBench: Perspective and Rotation as a Lens on Spatial Reasoning in VLMs
1117. ICLR 2026SpineBench: A Clinically Salient, Level-Aware Benchmark Powered by the SpineMed-450k Corpus
1118. ICLR 2026SportR: A Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Model Reasoning in Sports
1119. ICLR 2026Spotlight on Token Perception for Multimodal Reinforcement Learning
1120. ICLR 2026SPR$^2$Q: Static Priority-based Rectifier Routing Quantization for Image Super-Resolution
1121. ICLR 2026SPRIG: Improving Large Language Model Performance by System Prompt Optimization
1122. ICLR 2026SRFT: A Single-Stage Method with Supervised and Reinforcement Fine-Tuning for Reasoning
1123. ICLR 2026SRT: Super-Resolution for Time Series via Disentangled Rectified Flow
1124. ICLR 2026ssToken: Self-modulated and Semantic-aware Token Selection for LLM Fine-tuning
1125. ICLR 2026ST-SimDiff: Balancing Spatiotemporal Similarity and Difference for Efficient Video Understanding with MLLMs
1126. ICLR 2026StableToken: A Noise-Robust Semantic Speech Tokenizer for Resilient SpeechLLMs
1127. ICLR 2026STAT: Skill-Targeted Adaptive Training
1128. ICLR 2026Steering and Rectifying Latent representation manifolds in Frozen Multi-modal LLMs for Video Anomaly Detection
1129. ICLR 2026Steering Autoregressive Music Generation with Recursive Feature Machines
1130. ICLR 2026Steering Embedding Models with Geometric Rotation: Mapping Semantic Relationships Across Languages and Models
1131. ICLR 2026Steering MoE LLMs via Expert (De)Activation
1132. ICLR 2026Steering the Herd: A Framework for LLM-based Control of Social Learning
1133. ICLR 2026STEM: SCALING TRANSFORMERS WITH EMBEDDING MODULES
1134. ICLR 2026Stochastic Neural Networks for Causal Inference with Missing Confounders
1135. ICLR 2026StochasTok: Improving Fine-Grained Subword Understanding in LLMs
1136. ICLR 2026Stop Tracking Me! Proactive Defense Against Attribute Inference Attack in LLMs
1137. ICLR 2026StPR: Spatiotemporal Preservation and Routing for Exemplar-Free Video Class-Incremental Learning
1138. ICLR 2026Strategic Dishonesty Can Undermine AI Safety Evaluations of Frontier LLMs
1139. ICLR 2026Strategic Planning and Rationalizing on Trees Make LLMs Better Debaters
1140. ICLR 2026StreamingThinker: Large Language Models Can Think While Reading
1141. ICLR 2026StreamingVLM: Real-Time Understanding for Infinite Video Streams
1142. ICLR 2026String Seed of Thought: Prompting LLMs for Distribution-Faithful and Diverse Generation
1143. ICLR 2026Structural Prognostic Event Modeling for Multimodal Cancer Survival Analysis
1144. ICLR 2026Structurally Human, Semantically Biased: Detecting LLM-Generated References with Embeddings and GNNs
1145. ICLR 2026STVG-R1: Incentivizing Instance-Level Reasoning and Grounding in Videos via Reinforcement Learning
1146. ICLR 2026SuperF: Neural Implicit Fields for Multi-Image Super-Resolution
1147. ICLR 2026Supervised Fine-Tuning or Contrastive Learning? Towards Better Multimodal LLM Reranking
1148. ICLR 2026Supporting Multimodal Intermediate Fusion with Informatic Constraint and Distribution Coherence
1149. ICLR 2026SURGE: Surprise-Guided Token Reduction for Efficient Video Understanding with VLMs
1150. ICLR 2026SwiReasoning: Switch-Thinking in Latent and Explicit for Pareto-Superior Reasoning LLMs

FAQ

How many Multimodal LLMs papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

11,209 in total: 1,226 in 2023, 1,716 in 2024, 3,075 in 2025, 5,192 in 2026.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 1,366 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 1,074 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 1,401 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 816 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,051 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 390 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 1,374 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 795 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multimodal LLMs papers?

NeurIPS, with 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026.