Multimodal LLMs papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multimodal LLMs went from 1,226 papers in 2023 to 5,192 in 2026, roughly 4.2x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multimodal LLMs work: 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026, 30% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Applications · computer vision: papers tagged with both rose from 35 in 2023 to 596 in 2026.
• Among the 4 topics under Trending Systems, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, AI Agents, is up 12x versus 4.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026$\text{A}^3$-VLA: Automatic Perception-Guided Attention Alignment for Robot Manipulation
• ICML 2026[CLS] is Not Enough: Multi-Label Recognition via Patch-Level Inference and Adaptive Aggregation
• ICLR 2026A Balanced Neuro-Symbolic Approach for Commonsense Abductive Logic
• CVPR 20263D Space as a Scratchpad for Editable Text-to-Image Generation
• NeurIPS 2025$\Delta \mathrm{Energy}$: Optimizing Energy Change During Vision-Language Alignment Improves both OOD Detection and OOD Generalization
• ICML 2025Adapting While Learning: Grounding LLMs for Scientific Problems with Tool Usage Adaptation
• ICLR 2025$\gamma-$MoD: Exploring Mixture-of-Depth Adaptation for Multimodal Large Language Models
• CVPR 20252DMamba: Efficient State Space Model for Image Representation with Applications on Giga-Pixel Whole Slide Image Classification
• NeurIPS 2024A Concept-Based Explainability Framework for Large Multimodal Models
• ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
• ICLR 2024Alt-Text with Context: Improving Accessibility for Images on Twitter
• CVPR 2024Data-Efficient Multimodal Fusion on a Single GPU
• NeurIPS 20234M: Massively Multimodal Masked Modeling
• ICML 2023$\pi$-Tuning: Transferring Multimodal Foundation Models with Optimal Multi-task Interpolation
• ICLR 2023A Primal-Dual Framework for Transformers and Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning From Multi-View Images
• NeurIPS 2026$\texttt{bispectrum}$: Selective $G$-Bispectra Made Practical
• ICML 2026$G^2$-Reader: Dual Evolving Graphs for Multimodal Document QA
• ICLR 2026A Comprehensive Information-Decomposition Analysis of Large Vision-Language Models
• CVPR 20263D-IDE 3D Implicit Depth Emergent

All Multimodal LLMs papers

1,366 papers, page 14 of 28

651. NeurIPS 2026Latent Spatial Reasoning: Building Innate 3D Awareness via Latent-Space Distillation
652. NeurIPS 2026Latent-Lens: Visual Perception in Small Language Models Through Latent Communication
653. NeurIPS 2026LatentRouter: Can We Choose the Right Multimodal Model Before Seeing Its Answer?
654. NeurIPS 2026Lattice Deduction Transformers
655. NeurIPS 2026Layerwise Progressive Freezing: A Training Scaffold for Depth-Scalable Binary Networks
656. NeurIPS 2026Leak-CURBER: A Leakage-Controlled Multimodal Evaluation Benchmark for Enzymatic Reaction Tasks
657. NeurIPS 2026LEAP: Library-driven Evolutionary Abstraction Paradigm for Large Language Models
658. NeurIPS 2026Learning Actionable Information Landscapes for Multimodal Active Sensing in Hawkmoths
659. NeurIPS 2026Learning Agentic World Vision-Language-Action Models for Autonomous Driving
660. NeurIPS 2026Learning Fine-Grained Vision-Language Alignment from Discriminative Part Descriptions
661. NeurIPS 2026Learning from Trials and Errors: Reflective Test-Time Planning for Embodied LLMs
662. NeurIPS 2026Learning Hierarchical Patch Splitting Policies for Faster Vision Transformers
663. NeurIPS 2026Learning How to Cube
664. NeurIPS 2026Learning Human-Intention Priors from Large-Scale Human Demonstrations for Robotic Manipulation
665. NeurIPS 2026Learning Semantic Consistency for Open-Vocabulary Dense Perception
666. NeurIPS 2026Learning to Align Generative Appearance Priors for Fine-grained Image Retrieval
667. NeurIPS 2026Learning to Ask: Metacognitive Action Policy for Large and Small Language Model Collaboration
668. NeurIPS 2026Learning to Group and Order: Cross-Instance Self-Supervised RL for Vision-Centric MLLMs
669. NeurIPS 2026Learning to Learn from Multimodal Experience
670. NeurIPS 2026Learning When to Collaborate: Selective Multi-Agent Medical Reasoning via Uncertainty-Aware Routing
671. NeurIPS 2026Learning When to Think: Dual-Reference Offline Optimization for Adaptive VLM Reasoning
672. NeurIPS 2026Learning Where and What to Restore for Composite Image Restoration
673. NeurIPS 2026Learning with Enumeration: Neural-Guided SAT Framework for Cryptographic Key Recovery
674. NeurIPS 2026Ledger: A Path-Validated, Database-Grounded Benchmark for Enterprise Web Agents
675. NeurIPS 2026LEGO: Sizing Rules for Budget-Aware Dense-to-MoE Conversion of Vision-Language Models
676. NeurIPS 2026LensVLM: Selective Context Expansion for Compressed Visual Representation of Text
677. NeurIPS 2026Less Language, More Latents: Annotation-Efficient VLAs for Driving
678. NeurIPS 2026LESSViT: Robust Hyperspectral Representation Learning under Spectral Configuration Shift
679. NeurIPS 2026Leveraging Latent Visual Reasoning in Silence
680. NeurIPS 2026Leveraging unlabelled data for generalizable neural population decoding
681. NeurIPS 2026Liars' Bench: Evaluating Lie Detectors for Language Models
682. NeurIPS 2026LifeStream: Token Life-Cycle Modeling for Training-Free Online Video Understanding
683. NeurIPS 2026LiFT: Lifted Inter-slice Feature Trajectories for 3D Image Generation from 2D Generators
684. NeurIPS 2026LiFT: Likelihood-Free Tree-Structured Policy Optimization for Flow-Based VLAs
685. NeurIPS 2026Linguistic Trajectory Encoding for Efficient Long-Horizon Spatial Memory in Embodied Agents
686. NeurIPS 2026Listening to the Retriever: Perturbation-Sensitive Question Selection for Interactive Person Retrieval
687. NeurIPS 2026LithoBench: Benchmarking Large Multimodal Models for Remote-Sensing Lithology Interpretation
688. NeurIPS 2026LLM-AutoSciLab: Closed-Loop Scientific Law Discovery via Active Experimentation with LLMs
689. NeurIPS 2026LLMs Keep Thinking When Told Not To
690. NeurIPS 2026LLMs Optimizing LLMs: Automated MegaKernel Generation for Inference Acceleration
691. NeurIPS 2026Locating and Repairing Domain Shift in VLM Trajectory Planning
692. NeurIPS 2026Log-Averaged Mirror Prox for Fast, Large-Scale Optimal Transport in Linear Space
693. NeurIPS 2026LogT: Logically Think with Images for Visual Search
694. NeurIPS 2026LoMo: Local Modality Substitution for Deeper Vision-Language Fusion
695. NeurIPS 2026Long-term Embodied Visual Tracking with Lightweight Vision-Language-Action Models
696. NeurIPS 2026LongSCOP: Semantically Consistent Long Video Outpainting
697. NeurIPS 2026Look Before You Leap: Self-Evolving Clinical Reasoning with Psychometric Preference Optimization for Radiology Report Generation
698. NeurIPS 2026Look Before You Reason: Implicit Visual Thinking for Efficient Multimodal Reasoning
699. NeurIPS 2026Lookalike3D: Seeing Double in 3D
700. NeurIPS 2026LookWhen? Fast Video Recognition by Learning When, Where, and What to Compute

FAQ

How many Multimodal LLMs papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

11,209 in total: 1,226 in 2023, 1,716 in 2024, 3,075 in 2025, 5,192 in 2026.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 1,366 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 1,074 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 1,401 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 816 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 1,051 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 390 the year before.

How many Multimodal LLMs papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 1,374 Multimodal LLMs papers, versus 795 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multimodal LLMs papers?

NeurIPS, with 3,319 papers from 2023 to 2026.