Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

319 papers, page 1 of 7

1. NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
2. NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
3. NeurIPS 2026A Hierarchy of Entropy-Shapley Games for Multivariate Predictive Uncertainty
4. NeurIPS 2026A multi-scale information geometry reveals the structure of mutual information in neural populations
5. NeurIPS 2026AdaMAP: Learning Adaptive Multi-Action Prediction with Grounded Dreaming Guidance
6. NeurIPS 2026Adaptive Adversaries: A Multi-Turn, Multi-LLM Benchmark for LLM Agent Security
7. NeurIPS 2026Adaptive Communication Range for Scalable Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
8. NeurIPS 2026Adaptive Scheduling Pipeline For Multi-Instance Asynchronous Reinforcement Learning
9. NeurIPS 2026Addressing Exogenous Variability in Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
10. NeurIPS 2026Agent Explorative Policy Optimization for Agentic Multimodal Reasoning
11. NeurIPS 2026Agent MechSuits : Mechanistic Subspace Safety Steering for Multi-Turn CLI Agents
12. NeurIPS 2026Agent-ToM: Learning to Monitor Autonomous LLM Agents via Theory-of-Mind Reasoning
13. NeurIPS 2026Agent2World: Learning to Generate Symbolic World Models via Adaptive Multi-Agent Feedback
14. NeurIPS 2026AgentArk: Distilling Multi-Agent Intelligence into a Single LLM Agent
15. NeurIPS 2026AgentCollabBench: Diagnosing When Good Agents Make Bad Collaborators
16. NeurIPS 2026AgentForesight: Online Auditing for Early Failure Prediction in Multi-Agent Systems
17. NeurIPS 2026AgentHop: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Agentic Multi-Hop Scientific Question Answering
18. NeurIPS 2026AgentRoom: Concurrent Multi-Agent Coding in a CRDT-Backed Shared Workspace
19. NeurIPS 2026AgentVista: Evaluating Multimodal Agent in Ultra-Challenging Realistic Visual Scenarios
20. NeurIPS 2026AgentWeave: Efficient Distributed Agent Serving via Flow Decomposition
21. NeurIPS 2026AGiR: Mitigating Gift Over-Reliance in Mixed-Motive Games
22. NeurIPS 2026AIM: Adaptive Interaction in Multi-Agent Debate for Multimodal LLM Inference
23. NeurIPS 2026Aligning AI Teams
24. NeurIPS 2026Aligning LLMs Toward Multi-Turn Conversational Outcomes Using Iterative RLHF
25. NeurIPS 2026AlphaPareto: Formulaic Alpha Discovery with LLM-Guided Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
26. NeurIPS 2026Ask KG Agent: A Multi-Agent Framework for Code Localization Using Code and Knowledge Graphs
27. NeurIPS 2026ASQ: Agent-guided Semantic-aware Quantization for Large Language Models
28. NeurIPS 2026Attention Is More Than You Need: Spectral Redundancy in Multi-Head Routing
29. NeurIPS 2026AutoSaddler: Automatic Harness Optimization with Durable Updates from Agent Execution Traces
30. NeurIPS 2026AutoScientists: Self-Organizing Agent Teams for Long-Running Scientific Experimentation
31. NeurIPS 2026Axiomatic Reinforcement Learning for Open Multi-Agent Systems from Shapley Axioms
32. NeurIPS 2026Balanced Multi-Task Learning from an Optimality-Gap Perspective
33. NeurIPS 2026Bayes-Sufficient Compression Is Not Enough: How Communication Helps in Multi-Agent Systems?
34. NeurIPS 2026Behavioral Probes for Information Flow in LLM Swarms
35. NeurIPS 2026Bench-MFG: A Benchmark Suite for Learning in Stationary Mean Field Games
36. NeurIPS 2026Benchmarking Open-Ended Multi-Agent Coordination in Language Agents
37. NeurIPS 2026Beyond Encoder Accumulation: Measuring Encoder Roles in Multi-Encoder VLMs
38. NeurIPS 2026Beyond FLOPs: Train-Full, Deploy-Partial Multi-Exit Inference via Selective Lightweight IC Ensemble
39. NeurIPS 2026BioXArena: Benchmarking LLM Agents on Multi-Modal Biomedical Machine Learning Tasks
40. NeurIPS 2026BitMTP: When Multi-Token Prediction Meets Low-Bit Large Language Models
41. NeurIPS 2026BoardGameArena: A Multi-Dimensional Benchmark for Strategic Reasoning of LLMs in Board Games
42. NeurIPS 2026BootstrapAgent: Turning Repository Setup into Reusable Agent Knowledge
43. NeurIPS 2026Borda-Based Fair Multi-User Dueling Bandit in Tabular and Generalized Linear Settings
44. NeurIPS 2026Breaking the Bias Barrier in Concave Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
45. NeurIPS 2026BridgeMVS: Bridging Multi-View Stereo and Monodepth via Bidirectional Dynamic Fusion
46. NeurIPS 2026Budgeted Multi-Source Counterfactual Annotation for Off-Policy Evaluation
47. NeurIPS 2026Build-and-Find: An Effort-Aware Protocol for Evaluating Agent-Managed Codebases
48. NeurIPS 2026C2G-BENCH: A Cyber-Physical Evaluation Benchmark for Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning in Grid-Interactive Hyperscale Data Centers
49. NeurIPS 2026CAFE: Causally-Guided Automated Feature Engineering with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
50. NeurIPS 2026Can Metadata Fix the Gauge? Calibration Turns Sparse Multi-Source Learning from Sparse PCA into Sparse Mean Recovery

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.