Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

224 papers, page 1 of 5

1. ICML 2026(Doubly) Exponential Lower Bounds for Follow the Regularized Leader in Potential Games
2. ICML 2026$\texttt{Multi}^2$: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Decision-Making with LLM-Based Agents in Interactive Environments
3. ICML 2026$R^3$DAO: Reactive Recovery and Reconstruction for Long-horizon Data Agent Orchestration
4. ICML 2026A Capacity-Based Rationale for Multi-Head Attention
5. ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
6. ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
7. ICML 2026A Diagnostic Study of Multi-Agent LLMs for Real-World Debates
8. ICML 2026A Noise Sensitivity Exponent Controls Large Statistical-to-Computational Gaps in Single- and Multi-Index Models
9. ICML 2026A Refined Generalization Analysis for Extreme Multi-class Supervised Contrastive Representation Learning
10. ICML 2026Accelerated Multiple Wasserstein Gradient Flows for Multi-objective Distributional Optimization
11. ICML 2026AdaHC: Accelerating Multi-Token Prediction with Adaptive Head Chunking with Pipeline Parallelism
12. ICML 2026Adaptive Multi-Round Allocation with Stochastic Arrivals
13. ICML 2026Adaptive Personalized Federated Learning via Multi-task Averaging of Kernel Mean Embeddings
14. ICML 2026AdvEvo-MARL: Shaping Internalized Safety through Adversarial Co-Evolution in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
15. ICML 2026Agent Primitives: Reuseable Latent Building Blocks for Multi-Agent Systems
16. ICML 2026AgentSteerTTS: A Multi-Agent Closed-Loop Framework for Composite-Instruction Text-to-Speech
17. ICML 2026AgentTailor: A Semantic-Aware LLM-Based Multi-Agent System with Actor-Critic Structure
18. ICML 2026AgentWebBench: Benchmarking Multi-Agent Coordination in Agentic Web
19. ICML 2026AgentXRay: White-Boxing Agentic Systems via Workflow Reconstruction
20. ICML 2026Agora: Toward Autonomous Bug Detection in Production-Level Consensus Protocols with LLM Agents
21. ICML 2026AMDP: Asynchronous Multi-Directional Pipeline Parallelism for Large-Scale Models Training
22. ICML 2026Anytime Detection of Strategic Deviations in Multi-Agent Systems
23. ICML 2026AOrchestra: Automating Sub-Agent Creation for Agentic Orchestration
24. ICML 2026Architecture Matters for Multi-Agent Security
25. ICML 2026ArenaRL: Scaling RL for Open-Ended Agents via Tournament-based Relative Ranking
26. ICML 2026ASTRA: Communication-Efficient Acceleration for Multi-Device Transformer Inference
27. ICML 2026Attention Implements the Fisher Geometry of Exponential Families
28. ICML 2026Automata-Conditioned Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
29. ICML 2026AutoMS: Multi-Agent Evolutionary Search for Cross-Physics Inverse Microstructure Design
30. ICML 2026Beyond Correctness: Distance-Based Social Dynamics of Multi-Agent Debate
31. ICML 2026Beyond Gemini-3-Pro: Revisiting LLM Routing and Aggregation at Scale
32. ICML 2026Beyond Magnitude: Scale-Invariant Evidential Fusion for Multi-View Classification
33. ICML 2026Beyond Majority Voting: LLM Aggregation by Leveraging Higher-Order Information
34. ICML 2026BioAgent Bench: An AI Agent Evaluation Suite for Bioinformatics
35. ICML 2026Causal Detection of Multi-Step LLM Agent Attacks
36. ICML 2026Causal Disentangled Anchor Learning for Scalable Fair Multi-view Clustering
37. ICML 2026CausalGame: Benchmarking Causal Thinking of LLM Agents in Games
38. ICML 2026CG-MLLM: Captioning and Generating 3D content via Multi-modal Large Language Models
39. ICML 2026Collaborative Disagreement Resolution for Scalable Oversight
40. ICML 2026Constrained Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning with Max-Min Criterion
41. ICML 2026Contractive Anchor Resolvent Diffusion for Incomplete Multi-View Clustering
42. ICML 2026CORRECT: COndensed eRror RECognition via knowledge Transfer in multi-agent systems
43. ICML 2026CyberJurors: A Multi-Agent Simulation Task for E-Commerce Disputes Verdict
44. ICML 2026Cycle-of-Science: Reliable Reasoning through Counterfactual Verification for Agent Decision Making
45. ICML 2026Darwinian Memory: A Training-Free Self-Regulating Memory System for GUI Agent Evolution
46. ICML 2026Data Agent: Learning to Select Data via End-to-End Dynamic Optimization
47. ICML 2026Data-driven Mixed Integer Optimization through Probabilistic Multi-variable Branching
48. ICML 2026daVinci-Dev: Agent-native Mid-training for Software Engineering
49. ICML 2026De-Linearizing Agent Traces: Bayesian Inference of Latent Partial Orders for Efficient Execution
50. ICML 2026Decentralized and Disentangled Task–Role Representation Learning for Generalizable Offline Multi-Agent Meta Reinforcement Learning

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.