Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

153 papers, page 1 of 4

1. ICLR 2026A Framework for Studying AI Agent Behavior: Evidence from Consumer Choice Experiments
2. ICLR 2026A Generalized Geometric Theoretical Framework of Centroid Discriminant Analysis for Linear Classification of Multi-dimensional Data
3. ICLR 2026A$^2$Search: Ambiguity-Aware Question Answering with Reinforcement Learning
4. ICLR 2026A2ASecBench: A Protocol-Aware Security Benchmark for Agent-to-Agent Multi-Agent Systems
5. ICLR 2026Adaptive Collaboration with Humans: Metacognitive Policy Optimization for Multi-Agent LLMs with Continual Learning
6. ICLR 2026Advancing Multi-agent Traffic Simulation via R1-Style Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
7. ICLR 2026Aegis: Automated Error Generation and Identification for Multi-Agent Systems
8. ICLR 2026Agent Data Protocol
9. ICLR 2026AgentGym-RL: An Open-Source Framework to Train LLM Agents for Long-Horizon Decision Making via Multi-Turn RL
10. ICLR 2026AI-for-Science Low-code Platform with Bayesian Adversarial Multi-Agent Framework
11. ICLR 2026All-day Multi-scenes Lifelong Vision-and-Language Navigation with Tucker Adaptation
12. ICLR 2026ARMs: Adaptive Red-Teaming Agent against Multimodal Models with Plug-and-Play Attacks
13. ICLR 2026ATLAS: Constraints-Aware Multi-Agent Collaboration for Real-World Travel Planning
14. ICLR 2026Back to Square Roots: An Optimal Bound on the Matrix Factorization Error for Multi-Epoch Differentially Private SGD
15. ICLR 2026Benchmarking Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Power Grid Operations
16. ICLR 2026Beyond Multi-Token Prediction: Pretraining LLMs with Future Summaries
17. ICLR 2026Breaking and Fixing Defenses Against Control Flow Hijacking in Multi-Agent Systems
18. ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
19. ICLR 2026Can Language Models Discover Scaling Laws?
20. ICLR 2026CARD: Towards Conditional Design of Multi-agent Topological Structures
21. ICLR 2026CellAgent: LLM-Driven Multi-Agent Framework for Natural Language-Based Single-Cell Analysis
22. ICLR 2026CHAMMI-75: pre-training multi-channel models with heterogeneous microscopy images
23. ICLR 2026ChatInject: Abusing Chat Templates for Prompt Injection in LLM Agents
24. ICLR 2026CoAct-1: Computer-using Multi-agent System with Coding Actions
25. ICLR 2026CoDA: Agentic Systems for Collaborative Data Visualization
26. ICLR 2026CoLLMLight: Cooperative Large Language Model Agents for Network-Wide Traffic Signal Control
27. ICLR 2026CoMAS: Co-Evolving Multi-Agent Systems via Interaction Rewards
28. ICLR 2026Completing Missing Annotation: Multi-Agent Debate for Accurate and Scalable Relevant Assessment for IR Benchmarks
29. ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
30. ICLR 2026Constant Degree Matrix-Driven Incomplete Multi-View Clustering via Connectivity-Structure and Embedding Tensor Learning
31. ICLR 2026Constraint Matters: Multi-Modal Representation for Reducing Mixed-Integer Linear programming
32. ICLR 2026Context Learning for Multi-Agent Discussion
33. ICLR 2026Debiased and Denoised Projection Learning for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
34. ICLR 2026DecompGAIL: Learning Realistic Traffic Behaviors with Decomposed Multi-Agent Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning
35. ICLR 2026DevOps-Gym: Benchmarking AI Agents in Software DevOps Cycle
36. ICLR 2026Discovering Hierarchical Software Engineering Agents via Bandit Optimization
37. ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
38. ICLR 2026Don't Just Fine-tune the Agent, Tune the Environment
39. ICLR 2026DoVer: Intervention-Driven Auto Debugging for LLM Multi-Agent Systems
40. ICLR 2026Doxing via the Lens: Revealing Location-related Privacy Leakage on Multi-modal Large Reasoning Models
41. ICLR 2026DRBench: A Realistic Benchmark for Enterprise Deep Research
42. ICLR 2026Dynamic Speculative Agent Planning
43. ICLR 2026EdiVal-Agent: An Object-Centric Framework for Automated, Fine-Grained Evaluation of Multi-Turn Editing
44. ICLR 2026Emergence of Spatial Representation in an Actor-Critic Agent with Hippocampus-Inspired Sequence Generator
45. ICLR 2026Emergent Coordination in Multi-Agent Language Models
46. ICLR 2026Enhancing Complex Symbolic Logical Rea­soning of Large Language Models via Sparse Multi-Agent Debate
47. ICLR 2026Explainable $ K $-means Neural Networks for Multi-view Clustering
48. ICLR 2026Expressiveness of Multi-Neuron Convex Relaxations in Neural Network Certification
49. ICLR 2026FaSTA*: Fast-Slow Toolpath Agent with Subroutine Mining for Efficient Multi-turn Image Editing
50. ICLR 2026Financial fraud collusion among generative AI agents in social networks

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.