Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

91 papers, page 1 of 2

1. ICLR 2025A Multi-Power Law for Loss Curve Prediction Across Learning Rate Schedules
2. ICLR 2025A-Bench: Are LMMs Masters at Evaluating AI-generated Images?
3. ICLR 2025ACC-Collab: An Actor-Critic Approach to Multi-Agent LLM Collaboration
4. ICLR 2025Agent Skill Acquisition for Large Language Models via CycleQD
5. ICLR 2025Agent-Oriented Planning in Multi-Agent Systems
6. ICLR 2025Agent-to-Sim: Learning Interactive Behavior Models from Casual Longitudinal Videos
7. ICLR 2025AgentOccam: A Simple Yet Strong Baseline for LLM-Based Web Agents
8. ICLR 2025AgentRefine: Enhancing Agent Generalization through Refinement Tuning
9. ICLR 2025Agents' Room: Narrative Generation through Multi-step Collaboration
10. ICLR 2025AgentTrek: Agent Trajectory Synthesis via Guiding Replay with Web Tutorials
11. ICLR 2025Analyzing and Boosting the Power of Fine-Grained Visual Recognition for Multi-modal Large Language Models
12. ICLR 2025AutoDAN-Turbo: A Lifelong Agent for Strategy Self-Exploration to Jailbreak LLMs
13. ICLR 2025Balanced Ranking with Relative Centrality: A multi-core periphery perspective
14. ICLR 2025Bayesian Analysis of Combinatorial Gaussian Process Bandits
15. ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
16. ICLR 2025Breaking Mental Set to Improve Reasoning through Diverse Multi-Agent Debate
17. ICLR 2025CaPo: Cooperative Plan Optimization for Efficient Embodied Multi-Agent Cooperation
18. ICLR 2025CHASE-SQL: Multi-Path Reasoning and Preference Optimized Candidate Selection in Text-to-SQL
19. ICLR 2025Classic but Everlasting: Traditional Gradient-Based Algorithms Converge Fast Even in Time-Varying Multi-Player Games
20. ICLR 2025CofCA: A STEP-WISE Counterfactual Multi-hop QA benchmark
21. ICLR 2025COMBO: Compositional World Models for Embodied Multi-Agent Cooperation
22. ICLR 2025Competing Large Language Models in Multi-Agent Gaming Environments
23. ICLR 2025CoMRes: Semi-Supervised Time Series Forecasting Utilizing Consensus Promotion of Multi-Resolution
24. ICLR 2025COPER: Correlation-based Permutations for Multi-View Clustering
25. ICLR 2025Cut the Crap: An Economical Communication Pipeline for LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems
26. ICLR 2025DelTA: An Online Document-Level Translation Agent Based on Multi-Level Memory
27. ICLR 2025Direct Post-Training Preference Alignment for Multi-Agent Motion Generation Model Using Implicit Feedback from Pre-training Demonstrations
28. ICLR 2025Discriminator-Guided Embodied Planning for LLM Agent
29. ICLR 2025DistRL: An Asynchronous Distributed Reinforcement Learning Framework for On-Device Control Agent
30. ICLR 2025Divergence-Regularized Discounted Aggregation: Equilibrium Finding in Multiplayer Partially Observable Stochastic Games
31. ICLR 2025Do as We Do, Not as You Think: the Conformity of Large Language Models
32. ICLR 2025Do LLM Agents Have Regret? A Case Study in Online Learning and Games
33. ICLR 2025DUET: Decentralized Bilevel Optimization without Lower-Level Strong Convexity
34. ICLR 2025Duoduo CLIP: Efficient 3D Understanding with Multi-View Images
35. ICLR 2025EC-Diffuser: Multi-Object Manipulation via Entity-Centric Behavior Generation
36. ICLR 2025EFFICIENT JAILBREAK ATTACK SEQUENCES ON LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS VIA MULTI-ARMED BANDIT-BASED CONTEXT SWITCHING
37. ICLR 2025EgoSim: Egocentric Exploration in Virtual Worlds with Multi-modal Conditioning
38. ICLR 2025EMOS: Embodiment-aware Heterogeneous Multi-robot Operating System with LLM Agents
39. ICLR 2025Flow: Modularized Agentic Workflow Automation
40. ICLR 2025Fourier Head: Helping Large Language Models Learn Complex Probability Distributions
41. ICLR 2025From GNNs to Trees: Multi-Granular Interpretability for Graph Neural Networks
42. ICLR 2025Generalized Principal-Agent Problem with a Learning Agent
43. ICLR 2025GOAL: A Generalist Combinatorial Optimization Agent Learner
44. ICLR 2025Graph Neural Networks Gone Hogwild
45. ICLR 2025Have the VLMs Lost Confidence? A Study of Sycophancy in VLMs
46. ICLR 2025Hypothetical Minds: Scaffolding Theory of Mind for Multi-Agent Tasks with Large Language Models
47. ICLR 2025ILLUSION: Unveiling Truth with a Comprehensive Multi-Modal, Multi-Lingual Deepfake Dataset
48. ICLR 2025Internet of Agents: Weaving a Web of Heterogeneous Agents for Collaborative Intelligence
49. ICLR 2025IntersectionZoo: Eco-driving for Benchmarking Multi-Agent Contextual Reinforcement Learning
50. ICLR 2025Inverse Attention Agents for Multi-Agent Systems

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.