Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

501 papers, page 7 of 11

301. ICML 2025Nemotron-CORTEXA: Enhancing LLM Agents for Software Engineering Tasks via Improved Localization and Solution Diversity
302. ICML 2025O-MAPL: Offline Multi-agent Preference Learning
303. ICML 2025Observation Interference in Partially Observable Assistance Games
304. ICML 2025Offline Learning for Combinatorial Multi-armed Bandits
305. ICML 2025On the Resilience of LLM-Based Multi-Agent Collaboration with Faulty Agents
306. ICML 2025OrcaLoca: An LLM Agent Framework for Software Issue Localization
307. ICML 2025Pairwise Maximum Likelihood For Multi-Class Logistic Regression Model With Multiple Rare Classes
308. ICML 2025PokéChamp: an Expert-level Minimax Language Agent
309. ICML 2025Position: Build Agent Advocates, Not Platform Agents
310. ICML 2025Position: Theory of Mind Benchmarks are Broken for Large Language Models
311. ICML 2025Position: Uncertainty Quantification Needs Reassessment for Large Language Model Agents
312. ICML 2025Prediction-Aware Learning in Multi-Agent Systems
313. ICML 2025Preference Controllable Reinforcement Learning with Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization
314. ICML 2025Principal-Agent Bandit Games with Self-Interested and Exploratory Learning Agents
315. ICML 2025PROTOCOL: Partial Optimal Transport-enhanced Contrastive Learning for Imbalanced Multi-view Clustering
316. ICML 2025Provably Efficient Algorithm for Best Scoring Rule Identification in Online Principal-Agent Information Acquisition
317. ICML 2025R3DM: Enabling Role Discovery and Diversity Through Dynamics Models in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
318. ICML 2025Reidentify: Context-Aware Identity Generation for Contextual Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
319. ICML 2025Reinforce LLM Reasoning through Multi-Agent Reflection
320. ICML 2025ResearchTown: Simulator of Human Research Community
321. ICML 2025Revisiting Cooperative Off-Policy Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
322. ICML 2025Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Stochastic Adversary
323. ICML 2025Sable: a Performant, Efficient and Scalable Sequence Model for MARL
324. ICML 2025Securing Equal Share: A Principled Approach for Learning Multiplayer Symmetric Games
325. ICML 2025SHIELD: Multi-task Multi-distribution Vehicle Routing Solver with Sparsity and Hierarchy
326. ICML 2025Super Deep Contrastive Information Bottleneck for Multi-modal Clustering
327. ICML 2025Synthesizing Software Engineering Data in a Test-Driven Manner
328. ICML 2025The impact of uncertainty on regularized learning in games
329. ICML 2025Tight and Fast Bounds for Multi-Label Learning
330. ICML 2025Towards Practical Defect-Focused Automated Code Review
331. ICML 2025Towards the Causal Complete Cause of Multi-Modal Representation Learning
332. ICML 2025Training a Generally Curious Agent
333. ICML 2025Understanding Bias Reinforcement in LLM Agents Debate
334. ICML 2025Unisoma: A Unified Transformer-based Solver for Multi-Solid Systems
335. ICML 2025What Limits Virtual Agent Application? OmniBench: A Scalable Multi-Dimensional Benchmark for Essential Virtual Agent Capabilities
336. ICML 2025Which Agent Causes Task Failures and When? On Automated Failure Attribution of LLM Multi-Agent Systems
337. ICML 2025Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale
338. ICML 2025Wolfpack Adversarial Attack for Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
339. ICML 2025You Always Recognize Me (YARM): Robust Texture Synthesis Against Multi-View Corruption
340. ICML 2024${\rm E}(3)$-Equivariant Actor-Critic Methods for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
341. ICML 2024A Doubly Recursive Stochastic Compositional Gradient Descent Method for Federated Multi-Level Compositional Optimization
342. ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
343. ICML 2024A Geometric Decomposition of Finite Games: Convergence vs. Recurrence under Exponential Weights
344. ICML 2024A Multimodal Automated Interpretability Agent
345. ICML 2024Adversarially Robust Deep Multi-View Clustering: A Novel Attack and Defense Framework
346. ICML 2024Agent-Specific Effects: A Causal Effect Propagation Analysis in Multi-Agent MDPs
347. ICML 2024An Embodied Generalist Agent in 3D World
348. ICML 2024Applying language models to algebraic topology: generating simplicial cycles using multi-labeling in Wu's formula
349. ICML 2024ArCHer: Training Language Model Agents via Hierarchical Multi-Turn RL
350. ICML 2024Better & Faster Large Language Models via Multi-token Prediction

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.