Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

574 papers, page 6 of 12

251. ICML 2025G-Designer: Architecting Multi-agent Communication Topologies via Graph Neural Networks
252. ICML 2025GradPS: Resolving Futile Neurons in Parameter Sharing Network for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
253. ICML 2025GTR: A General, Multi-View, and Dynamic Framework for Trajectory Representation Learning
254. ICML 2025How to Train Your Multi-Exit Model? Analyzing the Impact of Training Strategies
255. ICML 2025Hybrid Quantum-Classical Multi-Agent Pathfinding
256. ICML 2025HYGMA: Hypergraph Coordination Networks with Dynamic Grouping for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
257. ICML 2025Improving Multi-Class Calibration through Normalization-Aware Isotonic Techniques
258. ICML 2025Incentivize without Bonus: Provably Efficient Model-based Online Multi-agent RL for Markov Games
259. ICML 2025KABB: Knowledge-Aware Bayesian Bandits for Dynamic Expert Coordination in Multi-Agent Systems
260. ICML 2025Learning from True-False Labels via Multi-modal Prompt Retrieving
261. ICML 2025Learning Mean Field Control on Sparse Graphs
262. ICML 2025Learning Progress Driven Multi-Agent Curriculum
263. ICML 2025Learning Strategic Language Agents in the Werewolf Game with Iterative Latent Space Policy Optimization
264. ICML 2025Learning to Incentivize in Repeated Principal-Agent Problems with Adversarial Agent Arrivals
265. ICML 2025Learning to Steer Learners in Games
266. ICML 2025Learning to Stop: Deep Learning for Mean Field Optimal Stopping
267. ICML 2025Linear Contextual Bandits With Interference
268. ICML 2025LLM-Assisted Semantically Diverse Teammate Generation for Efficient Multi-agent Coordination
269. ICML 2025M³HF: Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning from Multi-phase Human Feedback of Mixed Quality
270. ICML 2025MAS-GPT: Training LLMs to Build LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems
271. ICML 2025MetaAgent: Automatically Constructing Multi-Agent Systems Based on Finite State Machines
272. ICML 2025MoH: Multi-Head Attention as Mixture-of-Head Attention
273. ICML 2025MoRAgent: Parameter Efficient Agent Tuning with Mixture-of-Roles
274. ICML 2025Multi-agent Architecture Search via Agentic Supernet
275. ICML 2025Multi-Armed Bandits with Interference: Bridging Causal Inference and Adversarial Bandits
276. ICML 2025Multi-band Frequency Reconstruction for Neural Psychoacoustic Coding
277. ICML 2025Multi-objective Linear Reinforcement Learning with Lexicographic Rewards
278. ICML 2025Multi-View Graph Clustering via Node-Guided Contrastive Encoding
279. ICML 2025MVA: Linear Attention with High-order Query-Keys Integration and Multi-level Vocabulary Decomposition
280. ICML 2025Near Optimal Best Arm Identification for Clustered Bandits
281. ICML 2025Nemotron-CORTEXA: Enhancing LLM Agents for Software Engineering Tasks via Improved Localization and Solution Diversity
282. ICML 2025O-MAPL: Offline Multi-agent Preference Learning
283. ICML 2025Observation Interference in Partially Observable Assistance Games
284. ICML 2025Offline Learning for Combinatorial Multi-armed Bandits
285. ICML 2025On the Resilience of LLM-Based Multi-Agent Collaboration with Faulty Agents
286. ICML 2025OrcaLoca: An LLM Agent Framework for Software Issue Localization
287. ICML 2025Pairwise Maximum Likelihood For Multi-Class Logistic Regression Model With Multiple Rare Classes
288. ICML 2025PokéChamp: an Expert-level Minimax Language Agent
289. ICML 2025Position: Build Agent Advocates, Not Platform Agents
290. ICML 2025Position: Theory of Mind Benchmarks are Broken for Large Language Models
291. ICML 2025Position: Uncertainty Quantification Needs Reassessment for Large Language Model Agents
292. ICML 2025Prediction-Aware Learning in Multi-Agent Systems
293. ICML 2025Preference Controllable Reinforcement Learning with Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization
294. ICML 2025Principal-Agent Bandit Games with Self-Interested and Exploratory Learning Agents
295. ICML 2025PROTOCOL: Partial Optimal Transport-enhanced Contrastive Learning for Imbalanced Multi-view Clustering
296. ICML 2025Provably Efficient Algorithm for Best Scoring Rule Identification in Online Principal-Agent Information Acquisition
297. ICML 2025R3DM: Enabling Role Discovery and Diversity Through Dynamics Models in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
298. ICML 2025Reidentify: Context-Aware Identity Generation for Contextual Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
299. ICML 2025Reinforce LLM Reasoning through Multi-Agent Reflection
300. ICML 2025ResearchTown: Simulator of Human Research Community

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.