Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

373 papers, page 6 of 8

251. NeurIPS 2024Contracting with a Learning Agent
252. NeurIPS 2024ConvBench: A Multi-Turn Conversation Evaluation Benchmark with Hierarchical Ablation Capability for Large Vision-Language Models
253. NeurIPS 2024Cooperation, Competition, and Maliciousness: LLM-Stakeholders Interactive Negotiation
254. NeurIPS 2024Customized Multiple Clustering via Multi-Modal Subspace Proxy Learning
255. NeurIPS 2024Decision Mamba: A Multi-Grained State Space Model with Self-Evolution Regularization for Offline RL
256. NeurIPS 2024DeepStack: Deeply Stacking Visual Tokens is Surprisingly Simple and Effective for LMMs
257. NeurIPS 2024Derandomizing Multi-Distribution Learning
258. NeurIPS 2024Dispelling the Mirage of Progress in Offline MARL through Standardised Baselines and Evaluation
259. NeurIPS 2024Distributional Reinforcement Learning with Regularized Wasserstein Loss
260. NeurIPS 2024Diversity Is Not All You Need: Training A Robust Cooperative Agent Needs Specialist Partners
261. NeurIPS 2024DreamCatcher: A Wearer-aware Multi-modal Sleep Event Dataset Based on Earables in Non-restrictive Environments
262. NeurIPS 2024Drones Help Drones: A Collaborative Framework for Multi-Drone Object Trajectory Prediction and Beyond
263. NeurIPS 2024Efficient $\Phi$-Regret Minimization with Low-Degree Swap Deviations in Extensive-Form Games
264. NeurIPS 2024Efficient multi-prompt evaluation of LLMs
265. NeurIPS 2024Embodied Agent Interface: Benchmarking LLMs for Embodied Decision Making
266. NeurIPS 2024Episodic Future Thinking Mechanism for Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
267. NeurIPS 2024Evidential Mixture Machines: Deciphering Multi-Label Correlations for Active Learning Sensitivity
268. NeurIPS 2024Exploration, Exploitation, and Engagement in Multi-Armed Bandits with Abandonment
269. NeurIPS 2024Extending Multi-modal Contrastive Representations
270. NeurIPS 2024Fair and Welfare-Efficient Constrained Multi-Matchings under Uncertainty
271. NeurIPS 2024Feint Behaviors and Strategies: Formalization, Implementation and Evaluation
272. NeurIPS 2024FinCon: A Synthesized LLM Multi-Agent System with Conceptual Verbal Reinforcement for Enhanced Financial Decision Making
273. NeurIPS 2024Fixed Confidence Best Arm Identification in the Bayesian Setting
274. NeurIPS 2024Generalized Tensor Decomposition for Understanding Multi-Output Regression under Combinatorial Shifts
275. NeurIPS 2024Global Rewards in Restless Multi-Armed Bandits
276. NeurIPS 2024Group-wise oracle-efficient algorithms for online multi-group learning
277. NeurIPS 2024Hierarchical Federated Learning with Multi-Timescale Gradient Correction
278. NeurIPS 2024How Transformers Utilize Multi-Head Attention in In-Context Learning? A Case Study on Sparse Linear Regression
279. NeurIPS 2024Implicit Curriculum in Procgen Made Explicit
280. NeurIPS 2024Improved learning rates in multi-unit uniform price auctions
281. NeurIPS 2024Infinite Limits of Multi-head Transformer Dynamics
282. NeurIPS 2024Inverse Factorized Soft Q-Learning for Cooperative Multi-agent Imitation Learning
283. NeurIPS 2024JaxMARL: Multi-Agent RL Environments and Algorithms in JAX
284. NeurIPS 2024Kaleidoscope: Learnable Masks for Heterogeneous Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
285. NeurIPS 2024Kraken: Inherently Parallel Transformers For Efficient Multi-Device Inference
286. NeurIPS 2024Learning Distinguishable Trajectory Representation with Contrastive Loss
287. NeurIPS 2024Learning the Expected Core of Strictly Convex Stochastic Cooperative Games
288. NeurIPS 2024Learning to Balance Altruism and Self-interest Based on Empathy in Mixed-Motive Games
289. NeurIPS 2024Learning to Cooperate with Humans using Generative Agents
290. NeurIPS 2024Learning to Discuss Strategically: A Case Study on One Night Ultimate Werewolf
291. NeurIPS 2024Linear Causal Representation Learning from Unknown Multi-node Interventions
292. NeurIPS 2024LM-HT SNN: Enhancing the Performance of SNN to ANN Counterpart through Learnable Multi-hierarchical Threshold Model
293. NeurIPS 2024Locally Private and Robust Multi-Armed Bandits
294. NeurIPS 2024Long-Horizon Planning for Multi-Agent Robots in Partially Observable Environments
295. NeurIPS 2024LucidAction: A Hierarchical and Multi-model Dataset for Comprehensive Action Quality Assessment
296. NeurIPS 2024MAGIS: LLM-Based Multi-Agent Framework for GitHub Issue Resolution
297. NeurIPS 2024ManiPose: Manifold-Constrained Multi-Hypothesis 3D Human Pose Estimation
298. NeurIPS 2024MaVEn: An Effective Multi-granularity Hybrid Visual Encoding Framework for Multimodal Large Language Model
299. NeurIPS 2024Maximizing utility in multi-agent environments by anticipating the behavior of other learners
300. NeurIPS 2024Measuring Mutual Policy Divergence for Multi-Agent Sequential Exploration

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.