Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

311 papers, page 5 of 7

201. ICML 2023Oracles & Followers: Stackelberg Equilibria in Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
202. ICML 2023Pareto Regret Analyses in Multi-objective Multi-armed Bandit
203. ICML 2023Partially Observable Multi-agent RL with (Quasi-)Efficiency: The Blessing of Information Sharing
204. ICML 2023PCA-based Multi-Task Learning: a Random Matrix Approach
205. ICML 2023PINA: Leveraging Side Information in eXtreme Multi-label Classification via Predicted Instance Neighborhood Aggregation
206. ICML 2023ProtST: Multi-Modality Learning of Protein Sequences and Biomedical Texts
207. ICML 2023Provable Multi-instance Deep AUC Maximization with Stochastic Pooling
208. ICML 2023Provably Learning Diverse Features in Multi-View Data with Midpoint Mixup
209. ICML 2023RACE: Improve Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Representation Asymmetry and Collaborative Evolution
210. ICML 2023Recovering Top-Two Answers and Confusion Probability in Multi-Choice Crowdsourcing
211. ICML 2023Representation Learning with Multi-Step Inverse Kinematics: An Efficient and Optimal Approach to Rich-Observation RL
212. ICML 2023Revisiting Pseudo-Label for Single-Positive Multi-Label Learning
213. ICML 2023Robust Camera Pose Refinement for Multi-Resolution Hash Encoding
214. ICML 2023Scalable Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning through Intelligent Information Aggregation
215. ICML 2023Statistical Inference on Multi-armed Bandits with Delayed Feedback
216. ICML 2023Stein Variational Goal Generation for adaptive Exploration in Multi-Goal Reinforcement Learning
217. ICML 2023Synergies between Disentanglement and Sparsity: Generalization and Identifiability in Multi-Task Learning
218. ICML 2023The Ideal Continual Learner: An Agent That Never Forgets
219. ICML 2023The Impact of Exploration on Convergence and Performance of Multi-Agent Q-Learning Dynamics
220. ICML 2023The Role of Entropy and Reconstruction in Multi-View Self-Supervised Learning
221. ICML 2023Tight Regret Bounds for Single-pass Streaming Multi-armed Bandits
222. ICML 2023Two-Scale Gradient Descent Ascent Dynamics Finds Mixed Nash Equilibria of Continuous Games: A Mean-Field Perspective
223. ICML 2023What Makes Entities Similar? A Similarity Flooding Perspective for Multi-sourced Knowledge Graph Embeddings
224. NeurIPS 2023A High-Resolution Dataset for Instance Detection with Multi-View Object Capture
225. NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
226. NeurIPS 2023A Toolkit for Reliable Benchmarking and Research in Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
227. NeurIPS 2023A Unifying Perspective on Multi-Calibration: Game Dynamics for Multi-Objective Learning
228. NeurIPS 2023Active Learning for Semantic Segmentation with Multi-class Label Query
229. NeurIPS 2023AlberDICE: Addressing Out-Of-Distribution Joint Actions in Offline Multi-Agent RL via Alternating Stationary Distribution Correction Estimation
230. NeurIPS 2023An $\varepsilon$-Best-Arm Identification Algorithm for Fixed-Confidence and Beyond
231. NeurIPS 2023An active learning framework for multi-group mean estimation
232. NeurIPS 2023Approximate Heavy Tails in Offline (Multi-Pass) Stochastic Gradient Descent
233. NeurIPS 2023Arbitrarily Scalable Environment Generators via Neural Cellular Automata
234. NeurIPS 2023Automatic Grouping for Efficient Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
235. NeurIPS 2023BanditPAM++: Faster $k$-medoids Clustering
236. NeurIPS 2023Conservative Offline Policy Adaptation in Multi-Agent Games
237. NeurIPS 2023Counterfactual Conservative Q Learning for Offline Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
238. NeurIPS 2023Covariance-adaptive best arm identification
239. NeurIPS 2023Creating Multi-Level Skill Hierarchies in Reinforcement Learning
240. NeurIPS 2023Decentralized Randomly Distributed Multi-agent Multi-armed Bandit with Heterogeneous Rewards
241. NeurIPS 2023Decompose a Task into Generalizable Subtasks in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
242. NeurIPS 2023Deep Momentum Multi-Marginal Schrödinger Bridge
243. NeurIPS 2023Demystifying the Optimal Performance of Multi-Class Classification
244. NeurIPS 2023DIFFER:Decomposing Individual Reward for Fair Experience Replay in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
245. NeurIPS 2023Distributional Pareto-Optimal Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
246. NeurIPS 2023Diverse Conventions for Human-AI Collaboration
247. NeurIPS 2023Diversify \& Conquer: Outcome-directed Curriculum RL via Out-of-Distribution Disagreement
248. NeurIPS 2023Dual Self-Awareness Value Decomposition Framework without Individual Global Max for Cooperative MARL
249. NeurIPS 2023Efficient Adversarial Attacks on Online Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
250. NeurIPS 2023EHRXQA: A Multi-Modal Question Answering Dataset for Electronic Health Records with Chest X-ray Images

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.