Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

320 papers, page 5 of 7

201. ICLR 2025Internet of Agents: Weaving a Web of Heterogeneous Agents for Collaborative Intelligence
202. ICLR 2025IntersectionZoo: Eco-driving for Benchmarking Multi-Agent Contextual Reinforcement Learning
203. ICLR 2025Inverse Attention Agents for Multi-Agent Systems
204. ICLR 2025InvestESG: A multi-agent reinforcement learning benchmark for studying climate investment as a social dilemma
205. ICLR 2025Learned Reference-based Diffusion Sampler for multi-modal distributions
206. ICLR 2025Learning Multi-Index Models with Neural Networks via Mean-Field Langevin Dynamics
207. ICLR 2025Learning on One Mode: Addressing Multi-modality in Offline Reinforcement Learning
208. ICLR 2025Learning to Help in Multi-Class Settings
209. ICLR 2025Lightweight Neural App Control
210. ICLR 2025LiveXiv - A Multi-Modal live benchmark based on Arxiv papers content
211. ICLR 2025MACPO: Weak-to-Strong Alignment via Multi-Agent Contrastive Preference Optimization
212. ICLR 2025MindSearch: Mimicking Human Minds Elicits Deep AI Searcher
213. ICLR 2025Minimal Impact ControlNet: Advancing Multi-ControlNet Integration
214. ICLR 2025Mixture-of-Agents Enhances Large Language Model Capabilities
215. ICLR 2025MTU-Bench: A Multi-granularity Tool-Use Benchmark for Large Language Models
216. ICLR 2025Multi-Dimensional Conformal Prediction
217. ICLR 2025Multi-Draft Speculative Sampling: Canonical Decomposition and Theoretical Limits
218. ICLR 2025Multi-Label Node Classification with Label Influence Propagation
219. ICLR 2025Multi-modal Agent Tuning: Building a VLM-Driven Agent for Efficient Tool Usage
220. ICLR 2025Multiagent Finetuning: Self Improvement with Diverse Reasoning Chains
221. ICLR 2025Near-Optimal Online Learning for Multi-Agent Submodular Coordination: Tight Approximation and Communication Efficiency
222. ICLR 2025OBI-Bench: Can LMMs Aid in Study of Ancient Script on Oracle Bones?
223. ICLR 2025Pairwise Elimination with Instance-Dependent Guarantees for Bandits with Cost Subsidy
224. ICLR 2025PARTNR: A Benchmark for Planning and Reasoning in Embodied Multi-agent Tasks
225. ICLR 2025POGEMA: A Benchmark Platform for Cooperative Multi-Agent Pathfinding
226. ICLR 2025Rational Decision-Making Agent with Learning Internal Utility Judgment
227. ICLR 2025Rethinking Self-Distillation: Label Averaging and Enhanced Soft Label Refinement with Partial Labels
228. ICLR 2025REVISITING MULTI-PERMUTATION EQUIVARIANCE THROUGH THE LENS OF IRREDUCIBLE REPRESENTATIONS
229. ICLR 2025Robust Gymnasium: A Unified Modular Benchmark for Robust Reinforcement Learning
230. ICLR 2025SaMer: A Scenario-aware Multi-dimensional Evaluator for Large Language Models
231. ICLR 2025Scaling Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Collaboration
232. ICLR 2025SelectFormer in Data Markets: Privacy-Preserving and Efficient Data Selection for Transformers with Multi-Party Computation
233. ICLR 2025Self-Evolving Multi-Agent Collaboration Networks for Software Development
234. ICLR 2025Simple yet Effective Incomplete Multi-view Clustering: Similarity-level Imputation and Intra-view Hybrid-group Prototype Construction
235. ICLR 2025Single-agent Poisoning Attacks Suffice to Ruin Multi-Agent Learning
236. ICLR 2025Sports-Traj: A Unified Trajectory Generation Model for Multi-Agent Movement in Sports
237. ICLR 2025Stochastic Semi-Gradient Descent for Learning Mean Field Games with Population-Aware Function Approximation
238. ICLR 2025Towards Optimal Multi-draft Speculative Decoding
239. ICLR 2025Trusted Multi-View Classification via Evolutionary Multi-View Fusion
240. ICLR 2025uniINF: Best-of-Both-Worlds Algorithm for Parameter-Free Heavy-Tailed MABs
241. ICLR 2025VVC-Gym: A Fixed-Wing UAV Reinforcement Learning Environment for Multi-Goal Long-Horizon Problems
242. ICLR 2025Weak to Strong Generalization for Large Language Models with Multi-capabilities
243. ICLR 2025Weighted Multi-Prompt Learning with Description-free Large Language Model Distillation
244. ICLR 2025When LLMs Play the Telephone Game: Cultural Attractors as Conceptual Tools to Evaluate LLMs in Multi-turn Settings
245. ICLR 2024A Multi-Level Framework for Accelerating Training Transformer Models
246. ICLR 2024A Progressive Training Framework for Spiking Neural Networks with Learnable Multi-hierarchical Model
247. ICLR 2024AgentVerse: Facilitating Multi-Agent Collaboration and Exploring Emergent Behaviors
248. ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
249. ICLR 2024ASMR: Activation-Sharing Multi-Resolution Coordinate Networks for Efficient Inference
250. ICLR 2024Augmenting Transformers with Recursively Composed Multi-grained Representations

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.