Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

2,126 papers, page 42 of 43

2051. NeurIPS 2023Conservative Offline Policy Adaptation in Multi-Agent Games
2052. NeurIPS 2023Counterfactual Conservative Q Learning for Offline Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
2053. NeurIPS 2023Covariance-adaptive best arm identification
2054. NeurIPS 2023Creating Multi-Level Skill Hierarchies in Reinforcement Learning
2055. NeurIPS 2023Decentralized Randomly Distributed Multi-agent Multi-armed Bandit with Heterogeneous Rewards
2056. NeurIPS 2023Decompose a Task into Generalizable Subtasks in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
2057. NeurIPS 2023Deep Momentum Multi-Marginal Schrödinger Bridge
2058. NeurIPS 2023Demystifying the Optimal Performance of Multi-Class Classification
2059. NeurIPS 2023DIFFER:Decomposing Individual Reward for Fair Experience Replay in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
2060. NeurIPS 2023Distributional Pareto-Optimal Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
2061. NeurIPS 2023Diverse Conventions for Human-AI Collaboration
2062. NeurIPS 2023Diversify \& Conquer: Outcome-directed Curriculum RL via Out-of-Distribution Disagreement
2063. NeurIPS 2023Dual Self-Awareness Value Decomposition Framework without Individual Global Max for Cooperative MARL
2064. NeurIPS 2023Efficient Adversarial Attacks on Online Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
2065. NeurIPS 2023EHRXQA: A Multi-Modal Question Answering Dataset for Electronic Health Records with Chest X-ray Images
2066. NeurIPS 2023Exponential Lower Bounds for Fictitious Play in Potential Games
2067. NeurIPS 2023Fast and Regret Optimal Best Arm Identification: Fundamental Limits and Low-Complexity Algorithms
2068. NeurIPS 2023Fast Asymptotically Optimal Algorithms for Non-Parametric Stochastic Bandits
2069. NeurIPS 2023Finite-Time Analysis of Whittle Index based Q-Learning for Restless Multi-Armed Bandits with Neural Network Function Approximation
2070. NeurIPS 2023Finite-Time Logarithmic Bayes Regret Upper Bounds
2071. NeurIPS 2023Flexible Attention-Based Multi-Policy Fusion for Efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning
2072. NeurIPS 2023Generalized Information-theoretic Multi-view Clustering
2073. NeurIPS 2023Generalized test utilities for long-tail performance in extreme multi-label classification
2074. NeurIPS 2023GenS: Generalizable Neural Surface Reconstruction from Multi-View Images
2075. NeurIPS 2023Gigastep - One Billion Steps per Second Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
2076. NeurIPS 2023Guarantees for Self-Play in Multiplayer Games via Polymatrix Decomposability
2077. NeurIPS 2023Hierarchical Multi-Agent Skill Discovery
2078. NeurIPS 2023Higher-Order Uncoupled Dynamics Do Not Lead to Nash Equilibrium - Except When They Do
2079. NeurIPS 2023History Filtering in Imperfect Information Games: Algorithms and Complexity
2080. NeurIPS 2023How2comm: Communication-Efficient and Collaboration-Pragmatic Multi-Agent Perception
2081. NeurIPS 2023IMP-MARL: a Suite of Environments for Large-scale Infrastructure Management Planning via MARL
2082. NeurIPS 2023Improved Best-of-Both-Worlds Guarantees for Multi-Armed Bandits: FTRL with General Regularizers and Multiple Optimal Arms
2083. NeurIPS 2023Information Design in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
2084. NeurIPS 2023Is Learning in Games Good for the Learners?
2085. NeurIPS 2023ISP: Multi-Layered Garment Draping with Implicit Sewing Patterns
2086. NeurIPS 2023Iteratively Learn Diverse Strategies with State Distance Information
2087. NeurIPS 2023Kullback-Leibler Maillard Sampling for Multi-armed Bandits with Bounded Rewards
2088. NeurIPS 2023Learning Multi-agent Behaviors from Distributed and Streaming Demonstrations
2089. NeurIPS 2023Learning Regularized Monotone Graphon Mean-Field Games
2090. NeurIPS 2023Linear Time Algorithms for k-means with Multi-Swap Local Search
2091. NeurIPS 2023M5HisDoc: A Large-scale Multi-style Chinese Historical Document Analysis Benchmark
2092. NeurIPS 2023Mind2Web: Towards a Generalist Agent for the Web
2093. NeurIPS 2023Multi-Agent First Order Constrained Optimization in Policy Space
2094. NeurIPS 2023Multi-Agent Learning with Heterogeneous Linear Contextual Bandits
2095. NeurIPS 2023Multi-Agent Meta-Reinforcement Learning: Sharper Convergence Rates with Task Similarity
2096. NeurIPS 2023Multi-Fidelity Multi-Armed Bandits Revisited
2097. NeurIPS 2023Multi-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games with Networked Separable Interactions
2098. NeurIPS 2023Multi-Swap k-Means++
2099. NeurIPS 2023Multi-task learning with summary statistics
2100. NeurIPS 2023Mutual-Information Regularized Multi-Agent Policy Iteration

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.