Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

2,126 papers, page 39 of 43

1901. CVPR 2023ScaleDet: A Scalable Multi-Dataset Object Detector
1902. CVPR 2023Simple Cues Lead to a Strong Multi-Object Tracker
1903. CVPR 2023Sparse Multi-Modal Graph Transformer With Shared-Context Processing for Representation Learning of Giga-Pixel Images
1904. CVPR 2023StarCraftImage: A Dataset for Prototyping Spatial Reasoning Methods for Multi-Agent Environments
1905. CVPR 2023Stimulus Verification Is a Universal and Effective Sampler in Multi-Modal Human Trajectory Prediction
1906. CVPR 2023StyleGAN Salon: Multi-View Latent Optimization for Pose-Invariant Hairstyle Transfer
1907. CVPR 2023Texts as Images in Prompt Tuning for Multi-Label Image Recognition
1908. CVPR 2023Towards All-in-One Pre-Training via Maximizing Multi-Modal Mutual Information
1909. CVPR 2023Towards Efficient Use of Multi-Scale Features in Transformer-Based Object Detectors
1910. CVPR 2023Towards Flexible Multi-Modal Document Models
1911. CVPR 2023Tunable Convolutions With Parametric Multi-Loss Optimization
1912. CVPR 2023Two-Way Multi-Label Loss
1913. CVPR 2023Understanding and Constructing Latent Modality Structures in Multi-Modal Representation Learning
1914. CVPR 2023Unite and Conquer: Plug & Play Multi-Modal Synthesis Using Diffusion Models
1915. CVPR 2023Video Dehazing via a Multi-Range Temporal Alignment Network With Physical Prior
1916. CVPR 2023Viewpoint Equivariance for Multi-View 3D Object Detection
1917. CVPR 2023ViP3D: End-to-End Visual Trajectory Prediction via 3D Agent Queries
1918. CVPR 2023Visual Prompt Multi-Modal Tracking
1919. CVPR 2023VolRecon: Volume Rendering of Signed Ray Distance Functions for Generalizable Multi-View Reconstruction
1920. CVPR 2023Weakly Supervised Monocular 3D Object Detection Using Multi-View Projection and Direction Consistency
1921. CVPR 2023X3KD: Knowledge Distillation Across Modalities, Tasks and Stages for Multi-Camera 3D Object Detection
1922. ICLR 2023$O(T^{-1})$ Convergence of Optimistic-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader in Two-Player Zero-Sum Markov Games
1923. ICLR 2023Achieving Near-Optimal Individual Regret & Low Communications in Multi-Agent Bandits
1924. ICLR 2023Adversarial Diversity in Hanabi
1925. ICLR 2023Agent-based Graph Neural Networks
1926. ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
1927. ICLR 2023Asynchronous Gradient Play in Zero-Sum Multi-agent Games
1928. ICLR 2023Can We Find Nash Equilibria at a Linear Rate in Markov Games?
1929. ICLR 2023Certifiably Robust Policy Learning against Adversarial Multi-Agent Communication
1930. ICLR 2023Cheap Talk Discovery and Utilization in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1931. ICLR 2023Collaborative Pure Exploration in Kernel Bandit
1932. ICLR 2023Discovering Generalizable Multi-agent Coordination Skills from Multi-task Offline Data
1933. ICLR 2023Effects of Graph Convolutions in Multi-layer Networks
1934. ICLR 2023Efficient Discrete Multi Marginal Optimal Transport Regularization
1935. ICLR 2023Enhancing Meta Learning via Multi-Objective Soft Improvement Functions
1936. ICLR 2023Fast Nonlinear Vector Quantile Regression
1937. ICLR 2023Generating Diverse Cooperative Agents by Learning Incompatible Policies
1938. ICLR 2023GoBigger: A Scalable Platform for Cooperative-Competitive Multi-Agent Interactive Simulation
1939. ICLR 2023Gradient Gating for Deep Multi-Rate Learning on Graphs
1940. ICLR 2023Is a Caption Worth a Thousand Images? A Study on Representation Learning
1941. ICLR 2023Learning multi-scale local conditional probability models of images
1942. ICLR 2023MACTA: A Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Approach for Cache Timing Attacks and Detection
1943. ICLR 2023MAESTRO: Open-Ended Environment Design for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
1944. ICLR 2023More Centralized Training, Still Decentralized Execution: Multi-Agent Conditional Policy Factorization
1945. ICLR 2023Multi-level Protein Structure Pre-training via Prompt Learning
1946. ICLR 2023Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning: Convexity, Stationarity and Pareto Optimality
1947. ICLR 2023Multi-Rate VAE: Train Once, Get the Full Rate-Distortion Curve
1948. ICLR 2023Nearly Minimax Optimal Offline Reinforcement Learning with Linear Function Approximation: Single-Agent MDP and Markov Game
1949. ICLR 2023Offline Congestion Games: How Feedback Type Affects Data Coverage Requirement
1950. ICLR 2023Order Matters: Agent-by-agent Policy Optimization

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.