Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

147 papers, page 3 of 3

101. NeurIPS 2024Multi-Stage Predict+Optimize for (Mixed Integer) Linear Programs
102. NeurIPS 2024Multi-Winner Reconfiguration
103. NeurIPS 2024MUVERA: Multi-Vector Retrieval via Fixed Dimensional Encoding
104. NeurIPS 2024MVSDet: Multi-View Indoor 3D Object Detection via Efficient Plane Sweeps
105. NeurIPS 2024N-agent Ad Hoc Teamwork
106. NeurIPS 2024Nimbus: Secure and Efficient Two-Party Inference for Transformers
107. NeurIPS 2024No-Regret Learning for Fair Multi-Agent Social Welfare Optimization
108. NeurIPS 2024No-regret Learning in Harmonic Games: Extrapolation in the Face of Conflicting Interests
109. NeurIPS 2024Not so griddy: Internal representations of RNNs path integrating more than one agent
110. NeurIPS 2024On the Comparison between Multi-modal and Single-modal Contrastive Learning
111. NeurIPS 2024On the Minimax Regret for Contextual Linear Bandits and Multi-Armed Bandits with Expert Advice
112. NeurIPS 2024On Tractable $\Phi$-Equilibria in Non-Concave Games
113. NeurIPS 2024Online Relational Inference for Evolving Multi-agent Interacting Systems
114. NeurIPS 2024Opponent Modeling based on Subgoal Inference
115. NeurIPS 2024Optimal Multi-Fidelity Best-Arm Identification
116. NeurIPS 2024Periodic agent-state based Q-learning for POMDPs
117. NeurIPS 2024Polynomial-Time Computation of Exact $\Phi$-Equilibria in Polyhedral Games
118. NeurIPS 2024Preference-based Pure Exploration
119. NeurIPS 2024Preventing Model Collapse in Deep Canonical Correlation Analysis by Noise Regularization
120. NeurIPS 2024Putting Gale & Shapley to Work: Guaranteeing Stability Through Learning
121. NeurIPS 2024Randomized Exploration in Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
122. NeurIPS 2024Reasoning Multi-Agent Behavioral Topology for Interactive Autonomous Driving
123. NeurIPS 2024Reciprocal Reward Influence Encourages Cooperation From Self-Interested Agents
124. NeurIPS 2024Reflective Multi-Agent Collaboration based on Large Language Models
125. NeurIPS 2024Remix-DiT: Mixing Diffusion Transformers for Multi-Expert Denoising
126. NeurIPS 2024Reparameterized Multi-Resolution Convolutions for Long Sequence Modelling
127. NeurIPS 2024RGMDT: Return-Gap-Minimizing Decision Tree Extraction in Non-Euclidean Metric Space
128. NeurIPS 2024Richelieu: Self-Evolving LLM-Based Agents for AI Diplomacy
129. NeurIPS 2024Robust Contrastive Multi-view Clustering against Dual Noisy Correspondence
130. NeurIPS 2024Safe Exploitative Play with Untrusted Type Beliefs
131. NeurIPS 2024Scalable Constrained Policy Optimization for Safe Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
132. NeurIPS 2024Secret Collusion among AI Agents: Multi-Agent Deception via Steganography
133. NeurIPS 2024Semi-supervised Knowledge Transfer Across Multi-omic Single-cell Data
134. NeurIPS 2024Semi-supervised Multi-label Learning with Balanced Binary Angular Margin Loss
135. NeurIPS 2024SMART: Scalable Multi-agent Real-time Motion Generation via Next-token Prediction
136. NeurIPS 2024Solving Zero-Sum Markov Games with Continuous State via Spectral Dynamic Embedding
137. NeurIPS 2024Strategic Multi-Armed Bandit Problems Under Debt-Free Reporting
138. NeurIPS 2024TGB 2.0: A Benchmark for Learning on Temporal Knowledge Graphs and Heterogeneous Graphs
139. NeurIPS 2024The Dormant Neuron Phenomenon in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Value Factorization
140. NeurIPS 2024Towards Neuron Attributions in Multi-Modal Large Language Models
141. NeurIPS 2024Transformers as Game Players: Provable In-context Game-playing Capabilities of Pre-trained Models
142. NeurIPS 2024Unified Insights: Harnessing Multi-modal Data for Phenotype Imputation via View Decoupling
143. NeurIPS 2024Value-Based Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Dynamic Sparse Training
144. NeurIPS 2024Variation Spaces for Multi-Output Neural Networks: Insights on Multi-Task Learning and Network Compression
145. NeurIPS 2024WFCRL: A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Benchmark for Wind Farm Control
146. NeurIPS 2024WhodunitBench: Evaluating Large Multimodal Agents via Murder Mystery Games
147. NeurIPS 2024ZSC-Eval: An Evaluation Toolkit and Benchmark for Multi-agent Zero-shot Coordination

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.