Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

224 papers, page 2 of 5

51. ICML 2026DECOR: Learning to Decompose and Collaborate in Deep Search via Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
52. ICML 2026Deep Learning of Compositional Targets with Hierarchical Spectral Methods
53. ICML 2026Deep Multi-view Graph Clustering via Attribute-aware Bidirectional Structural Refinement and Pseudo-label Guided Multi-level Fusion
54. ICML 2026Demystifying the Optimal Fair Classifier in Multi-Class Classification
55. ICML 2026Detecting Perspective Shifts in Multi-Agent Systems
56. ICML 2026DGG-HMR: Multi-Person Human Mesh Recovery with Depth-Guided Geometric Anchoring
57. ICML 2026Discretely-Refined Multi-view Clustering via Aligned Anchor Learning
58. ICML 2026Distributionally Robust Markov Games with Average Reward
59. ICML 2026DLM: Unified Decision Language Model for Offline Multi-Agent Sequential Decision Making
60. ICML 2026Domain Restriction via SAE Multi-Layer Transitions
61. ICML 2026DRIFT-BENCH: Diagnosing CoopeRative Breakdowns in LLM Agents under Input Faults via Multi-Turn Interaction
62. ICML 2026Dual Latent Memory for Visual Multi-agent System
63. ICML 2026Dual-Calibration Multi-View Clustering via Compact Anchor Learning
64. ICML 2026Dual-channel Dynamic Graph Neural Networks with Adaptive Adjacency Learning and Multi-scale Representation Fusion
65. ICML 2026Dual-stage Contrastive Learning-enhanced Multi-view Variational Clustering
66. ICML 2026E-mem: Multi-Agent Based Episodic Context Reconstruction for LLM Agent Memory
67. ICML 2026EduMirror: Modeling Educational Social Dynamics with Value-driven Multi-agent Simulation
68. ICML 2026Efficient Multi-Agent Reasoning via Confidence-Guided Adaptive Debate
69. ICML 2026Emergence of Biased Consensus in Multi-Agent LLM Debates
70. ICML 2026Enhanced Multi-Instance Partial Label Learning via Average Gradient Outer Product
71. ICML 2026Entangled No More: Multi-Domain Decoupling for Robust Dynamic Graph Neural Networks
72. ICML 2026Epistemic Gain, Aleatoric Cost: Uncertainty Decomposition in Multi-Agent Debate for Math Reasoning
73. ICML 2026Evaluating and Steering Modality Preferences in Multi-modal LLMs
74. ICML 2026Evolving Interpretable Constitutions for Multi-Agent Coordination
75. ICML 2026EvoMAS: Evolutionary Generation of Multi-Agent Systems
76. ICML 2026EvoMAS: Heuristics in the Loop—Evolving Smarter Agentic Workflows
77. ICML 2026Executable Agentic Memory for GUI Agent
78. ICML 2026Exploration-free Algorithms for Multi-group Mean Estimation
79. ICML 2026Factored Value Functions for Graph-Based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
80. ICML 2026Fast and Expressive Multi-Byte Prediction with Probabilistic Circuits
81. ICML 2026Federated Causal Inference on Multi-Site Observational Data via Propensity Score Aggregation
82. ICML 2026Federated Multi-view Clustering for Remote Sensing Data
83. ICML 2026FiGuRO: Intrinsic Dimension Estimation for Multi-Modal Data
84. ICML 2026Fine-to-Coarse Fairness-Informed Multi-View Clustering
85. ICML 2026FIRE: Multi-Fidelity Regression with Distribution-Conditioned In-Context Learning Using Tabular Foundation Models
86. ICML 2026Fixed Budget is No Harder Than Fixed Confidence in Best-Arm Identification up to Logarithmic Factors
87. ICML 2026FlowMAP: Flow Matching for Generalizable Agent Planning
88. ICML 2026Focus and Dilution: The Multi-stage Learning Process of Attention
89. ICML 2026From Interaction Trajectories to Prompt Rules: Credit Assignment for Multi-Agent Prompt Optimization
90. ICML 2026FullStack-Agent: Enhancing Agentic Full-Stack Web Coding via Development-Oriented Testing and Repository Back-Translation
91. ICML 2026GameDevBench: Evaluating Agentic Capabilities Through Game Development
92. ICML 2026GFD-EMVC: Evolutionary Multi-View Classification with Label Noise via Gradient and Feature Dual-Perception
93. ICML 2026GLEAN: Guideline-Grounded Evidence Accumulation for High-Stakes Agent Verification
94. ICML 2026Gradient Descent with Large Step Size Restores Symmetry in Deep Linear Networks with Multi-Pathway
95. ICML 2026Great Minds Think Alike: Contextual Tacit Communication for Decentralized LLM-Agent Cooperation
96. ICML 2026GRPO-based Cluster Decision Agent for Unknown-$\boldsymbol{K}$ Multi-view Clustering
97. ICML 2026HieraMAS: Optimizing Intra-Node LLM Mixtures and Inter-Node Topology for Multi-Agent Systems
98. ICML 2026Hierarchical Anchor Graph Learning for Multi-View Clustering
99. ICML 2026Hierarchical Multi Scale Graph Neural Networks: Scalable Heterophilous Learning with Oversmoothing and Oversquashing Mitigation
100. ICML 2026HiMAP-Travel: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Planning for Long-Horizon Constrained Travel

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.