Multi-Agent RL papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Multi-Agent RL went from 311 papers in 2023 to 868 in 2026, roughly 2.8x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Multi-Agent RL work: 809 papers from 2023 to 2026, 38% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 9 in 2023 to 70 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Games and Planning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Classical Planning, is up 3.3x versus 2.8x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 20262-Step Agent: How a Bayesian Decision Maker Learns from AI-Decision Support
• ICML 2026A Causal Decomposition Approach for Fair Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
• ICLR 2026Calibrated Information Bottleneck for Trusted Multi-modal Clustering
• CVPR 2026A Sanity Check for Multi-In-Domain Face Forgery Detection in the
• NeurIPS 2025Algorithms and SQ Lower Bounds for Robustly Learning Real-valued Multi-Index Models
• ICML 2025A Classification View on Meta Learning Bandits
• ICLR 2025BEEM: Boosting Performance of Early Exit DNNs using Multi-Exit Classifiers as Experts
• CVPR 2025All-Day Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking
• NeurIPS 2024A New Multi-Source Light Detection Benchmark and Semi-Supervised Focal Light Detection
• ICML 2024A Federated Stochastic Multi-level Compositional Minimax Algorithm for Deep AUC Maximization
• ICLR 2024An Intuitive Multi-Frequency Feature Representation for SO(3)-Equivariant Networks
• CVPR 2024DeconfuseTrack: Dealing with Confusion for Multi-Object Tracking
• NeurIPS 2023A Novel Approach for Effective Multi-View Clustering with Information-Theoretic Perspective
• ICML 2023A Framework for Adapting Offline Algorithms to Solve Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit Problems with Bandit Feedback
• ICLR 2023An Additive Instance-Wise Approach to Multi-class Model Interpretation
• CVPR 2023A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-View Geometry
• NeurIPS 2026A Black-Box Reduction from Regret to Multi-Level Coverage
• ICML 2026A Consensus Anchor-guided Hypergraph Framework for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering

All Multi-Agent RL papers

501 papers, page 10 of 11

451. ICML 2023Label Distributionally Robust Losses for Multi-class Classification: Consistency, Robustness and Adaptivity
452. ICML 2023Lazy Agents: A New Perspective on Solving Sparse Reward Problem in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
453. ICML 2023Learning to Incentivize Information Acquisition: Proper Scoring Rules Meet Principal-Agent Model
454. ICML 2023Learning to Optimize Differentiable Games
455. ICML 2023Local Optimization Achieves Global Optimality in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
456. ICML 2023MABe22: A Multi-Species Multi-Task Benchmark for Learned Representations of Behavior
457. ICML 2023MANSA: Learning Fast and Slow in Multi-Agent Systems
458. ICML 2023Men Also Do Laundry: Multi-Attribute Bias Amplification
459. ICML 2023Meta Learning of Interface Conditions for Multi-Domain Physics-Informed Neural Networks
460. ICML 2023Mitigating Spurious Correlations in Multi-modal Models during Fine-tuning
461. ICML 2023Multi-Agent Best Arm Identification with Private Communications
462. ICML 2023Multi-Agent Learning from Learners
463. ICML 2023Multi-Agent Online Optimization with Delays: Asynchronicity, Adaptivity, and Optimism
464. ICML 2023Multi-agent Online Scheduling: MMS Allocations for Indivisible Items
465. ICML 2023Multi-channel Autobidding with Budget and ROI Constraints
466. ICML 2023Multi-class Graph Clustering via Approximated Effective $p$-Resistance
467. ICML 2023Multi-Epoch Matrix Factorization Mechanisms for Private Machine Learning
468. ICML 2023Multi-Fidelity Covariance Estimation in the Log-Euclidean Geometry
469. ICML 2023Multi-Layer Neural Networks as Trainable Ladders of Hilbert Spaces
470. ICML 2023Multi-Modal Classifiers for Open-Vocabulary Object Detection
471. ICML 2023Multi-Objective GFlowNets
472. ICML 2023Multi-Symmetry Ensembles: Improving Diversity and Generalization via Opposing Symmetries
473. ICML 2023Multi-Task Structural Learning using Local Task Similarity induced Neuron Creation and Removal
474. ICML 2023N$\text{A}^\text{2}$Q: Neural Attention Additive Model for Interpretable Multi-Agent Q-Learning
475. ICML 2023Network Effects in Performative Prediction Games
476. ICML 2023On the Generalization of Multi-modal Contrastive Learning
477. ICML 2023One Transformer Fits All Distributions in Multi-Modal Diffusion at Scale
478. ICML 2023Online Learning in Stackelberg Games with an Omniscient Follower
479. ICML 2023Oracles & Followers: Stackelberg Equilibria in Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
480. ICML 2023Pareto Regret Analyses in Multi-objective Multi-armed Bandit
481. ICML 2023Partially Observable Multi-agent RL with (Quasi-)Efficiency: The Blessing of Information Sharing
482. ICML 2023PCA-based Multi-Task Learning: a Random Matrix Approach
483. ICML 2023PINA: Leveraging Side Information in eXtreme Multi-label Classification via Predicted Instance Neighborhood Aggregation
484. ICML 2023ProtST: Multi-Modality Learning of Protein Sequences and Biomedical Texts
485. ICML 2023Provable Multi-instance Deep AUC Maximization with Stochastic Pooling
486. ICML 2023Provably Learning Diverse Features in Multi-View Data with Midpoint Mixup
487. ICML 2023RACE: Improve Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Representation Asymmetry and Collaborative Evolution
488. ICML 2023Recovering Top-Two Answers and Confusion Probability in Multi-Choice Crowdsourcing
489. ICML 2023Representation Learning with Multi-Step Inverse Kinematics: An Efficient and Optimal Approach to Rich-Observation RL
490. ICML 2023Revisiting Pseudo-Label for Single-Positive Multi-Label Learning
491. ICML 2023Robust Camera Pose Refinement for Multi-Resolution Hash Encoding
492. ICML 2023Scalable Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning through Intelligent Information Aggregation
493. ICML 2023Statistical Inference on Multi-armed Bandits with Delayed Feedback
494. ICML 2023Stein Variational Goal Generation for adaptive Exploration in Multi-Goal Reinforcement Learning
495. ICML 2023Synergies between Disentanglement and Sparsity: Generalization and Identifiability in Multi-Task Learning
496. ICML 2023The Ideal Continual Learner: An Agent That Never Forgets
497. ICML 2023The Impact of Exploration on Convergence and Performance of Multi-Agent Q-Learning Dynamics
498. ICML 2023The Role of Entropy and Reconstruction in Multi-View Self-Supervised Learning
499. ICML 2023Tight Regret Bounds for Single-pass Streaming Multi-armed Bandits
500. ICML 2023Two-Scale Gradient Descent Ascent Dynamics Finds Mixed Nash Equilibria of Continuous Games: A Mean-Field Perspective

FAQ

How many Multi-Agent RL papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,126 in total: 311 in 2023, 373 in 2024, 574 in 2025, 868 in 2026.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 319 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 255 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 153 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 91 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 224 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 115 the year before.

How many Multi-Agent RL papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 172 Multi-Agent RL papers, versus 113 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Multi-Agent RL papers?

NeurIPS, with 809 papers from 2023 to 2026.