Mixture of Experts papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Mixture of Experts went from 236 papers in 2023 to 326 in 2026, roughly 1.4x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most Mixture of Experts work: 354 papers from 2023 to 2026, 39% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Multimodal LLMs: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 79 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Optimization and Scaling, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Scaling Laws, is up 4.1x versus 1.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A Biconvex Formulation for Stable Transport of Mixture Models with a Unique Solution
• ICML 2026$\phi$-Balancing for Mixture-of-Experts Training
• ICLR 2026A Federated Generalized Expectation-Maximization Algorithm for Mixture Models with an Unknown Number of Components
• CVPR 2026Divide Conquer and Aggregate Asymmetric Experts for Class-Imbalanced Semi-Supervised Medical
• NeurIPS 2025Advancing Expert Specialization for Better MoE
• ICML 2025$\texttt{I$^2$MoE}$: Interpretable Multimodal Interaction-aware Mixture-of-Experts
• ICLR 2025A Sanity Check for AI-generated Image Detection
• CVPR 2025Complexity Experts are Task-Discriminative Learners for Any Image Restoration
• NeurIPS 2024$\texttt{Model-GLUE}$: Democratized LLM Scaling for A Large Model Zoo in the Wild
• ICML 2024$\texttt{MoE-RBench}$: Towards Building Reliable Language Models with Sparse Mixture-of-Experts
• ICLR 2024Fusing Models with Complementary Expertise
• CVPR 2024MoDE: CLIP Data Experts via Clustering
• NeurIPS 2023[Re] Numerical influence of ReLU'(0) on backpropagation
• ICML 2023A Distribution Optimization Framework for Confidence Bounds of Risk Measures
• ICLR 2023Knowledge-in-Context: Towards Knowledgeable Semi-Parametric Language Models
• CVPR 2023Balanced Product of Calibrated Experts for Long-Tailed Recognition
• NeurIPS 2026AdERA: Adaptive Exponent Reuse for Lossless Allgather in Sharded MoE Training
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Abstracting Robot Manipulation Skills via Mixture-of-Experts Diffusion Policies
• CVPR 2026ERMoE Eigen-Reparameterized Mixture-of-Experts for Stable Routing and Interpretable Specialization

All Mixture of Experts papers

172 papers, page 3 of 4

101. ICLR 2025Many-Objective Multi-Solution Transport
102. ICLR 2025Mixture Compressor for Mixture-of-Experts LLMs Gains More
103. ICLR 2025Mixture of Attentions For Speculative Decoding
104. ICLR 2025Mixture of Experts Made Personalized: Federated Prompt Learning for Vision-Language Models
105. ICLR 2025Mixture of In-Context Prompters for Tabular PFNs
106. ICLR 2025Mixture of Parrots: Experts improve memorization more than reasoning
107. ICLR 2025Mixture-of-Agents Enhances Large Language Model Capabilities
108. ICLR 2025MoE++: Accelerating Mixture-of-Experts Methods with Zero-Computation Experts
109. ICLR 2025MoLEx: Mixture of Layer Experts for Fine-tuning with Sparse Upcycling
110. ICLR 2025Monet: Mixture of Monosemantic Experts for Transformers
111. ICLR 2025More Experts Than Galaxies: Conditionally-Overlapping Experts with Biologically-Inspired Fixed Routing
112. ICLR 2025MoS: Unleashing Parameter Efficiency of Low-Rank Adaptation with Mixture of Shards
113. ICLR 2025Multiple Heads are Better than One: Mixture of Modality Knowledge Experts for Entity Representation Learning
114. ICLR 2025NetMoE: Accelerating MoE Training through Dynamic Sample Placement
115. ICLR 2025No Need to Talk: Asynchronous Mixture of Language Models
116. ICLR 2025OLMoE: Open Mixture-of-Experts Language Models
117. ICLR 2025pMoE: Prompting Diverse Experts Together Wins More in Visual Adaptation
118. ICLR 2025Provable Uncertainty Decomposition via Higher-Order Calibration
119. ICLR 2025RegMix: Data Mixture as Regression for Language Model Pre-training
120. ICLR 2025ReMoE: Fully Differentiable Mixture-of-Experts with ReLU Routing
121. ICLR 2025Revisiting Prefix-tuning: Statistical Benefits of Reparameterization among Prompts
122. ICLR 2025Routing Experts: Learning to Route Dynamic Experts in Existing Multi-modal Large Language Models
123. ICLR 2025Self-MoE: Towards Compositional Large Language Models with Self-Specialized Experts
124. ICLR 2025Solving Token Gradient Conflict in Mixture-of-Experts for Large Vision-Language Model
125. ICLR 2025Statistical Advantages of Perturbing Cosine Router in Mixture of Experts
126. ICLR 2025TC-MoE: Augmenting Mixture of Experts with Ternary Expert Choice
127. ICLR 2025Theory on Mixture-of-Experts in Continual Learning
128. ICLR 2025Tight Clusters Make Specialized Experts
129. ICLR 2025Time-MoE: Billion-Scale Time Series Foundation Models with Mixture of Experts
130. ICLR 2025Transformers Provably Learn Two-Mixture of Linear Classification via Gradient Flow
131. ICLR 2025Warm Diffusion: Recipe for Blur-Noise Mixture Diffusion Models
132. ICLR 2025Your Mixture-of-Experts LLM Is Secretly an Embedding Model for Free
133. ICLR 2024Chain-of-Experts: When LLMs Meet Complex Operations Research Problems
134. ICLR 2024Divide and not forget: Ensemble of selectively trained experts in Continual Learning
135. ICLR 2024From Sparse to Soft Mixtures of Experts
136. ICLR 2024Fusing Models with Complementary Expertise
137. ICLR 2024High-dimensional SGD aligns with emerging outlier eigenspaces
138. ICLR 2024Horizon-free Reinforcement Learning in Adversarial Linear Mixture MDPs
139. ICLR 2024Hybrid Sharing for Multi-Label Image Classification
140. ICLR 2024Large Language Model Cascades with Mixture of Thought Representations for Cost-Efficient Reasoning
141. ICLR 2024Learning with Mixture of Prototypes for Out-of-Distribution Detection
142. ICLR 2024M3C: A Framework towards Convergent, Flexible, and Unsupervised Learning of Mixture Graph Matching and Clustering
143. ICLR 2024Merge, Then Compress: Demystify Efficient SMoE with Hints from Its Routing Policy
144. ICLR 2024Mixture of LoRA Experts
145. ICLR 2024Mixture of Weak and Strong Experts on Graphs
146. ICLR 2024Mixture-of-Experts Meets Instruction Tuning: A Winning Combination for Large Language Models
147. ICLR 2024Object-Centric Learning with Slot Mixture Module
148. ICLR 2024Octavius: Mitigating Task Interference in MLLMs via LoRA-MoE
149. ICLR 2024Pushing Mixture of Experts to the Limit: Extremely Parameter Efficient MoE for Instruction Tuning
150. ICLR 2024Scaling physics-informed hard constraints with mixture-of-experts

FAQ

How many Mixture of Experts papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

904 in total: 236 in 2023, 119 in 2024, 223 in 2025, 326 in 2026.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 75 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 86 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 73 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 59 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 132 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 57 the year before.

How many Mixture of Experts papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 46 Mixture of Experts papers, versus 21 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Mixture of Experts papers?

NeurIPS, with 354 papers from 2023 to 2026.