Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

186 papers, page 1 of 4

1. ICML 20261-Bit Wonder: Improving QAT Performance in the Low-Bit Regime through K-Means Quantization
2. ICML 20264DPC$^2$hat: Towards Dynamic Point Cloud Understanding with Failure-Aware Bootstrapping
3. ICML 2026A Conflict-aware Evidential Framework for Reliable Sleep Stage Classification
4. ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
5. ICML 2026A Judge-Aware Ranking Framework for Evaluating Large Language Models without Ground Truth
6. ICML 2026AES: Curing Optimizer Blindness in Long-Tailed Recognition via State-Aware Correction
7. ICML 2026AgentTailor: A Semantic-Aware LLM-Based Multi-Agent System with Actor-Critic Structure
8. ICML 2026Alignment-Aware Decoding
9. ICML 2026Anchor-Final Self-Supervision Drives Hallucination-Aware Optimization in Large Vision-Language Models
10. ICML 2026ArborKV: Structure-Aware KV Cache Management for Scaling Tree-based LLM Reasoning
11. ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
12. ICML 2026Attn-QAT: 4-Bit Attention With Quantization-Aware Training
13. ICML 2026Attribution-Guided and Coverage-Maximized Pruning for Structural MoE Compression
14. ICML 2026AutoNumerics-Zero: Automated Discovery of State-of-the-Art Mathematical Functions
15. ICML 2026BandPO: Bridging Trust Regions and Ratio Clipping via Probability-Aware Bounds for LLM Reinforcement Learning
16. ICML 2026Beyond Hamming: Query-Aware Decoding of Binary Cosine Sketches
17. ICML 2026Beyond Perplexity: UTF-8 Validity in Byte-aware Language Models
18. ICML 2026Beyond Point-wise Neural Collapse: A Topology-Aware Hierarchical Classifier for Class-Incremental Learning
19. ICML 2026Beyond Prediction: Tail-Aware Scheduling for LLM Inference
20. ICML 2026Blocking the Leakage: Manifold-Aware Gradient Projection for Long-Horizon Test-Time Adaptation
21. ICML 2026BPL: Generalizable Deepfake Detection via Bias-only Pair-aware Learning
22. ICML 2026Causal-aware Anomaly Detection for Tabular Data
23. ICML 2026CELL: A Causal Perspective for Fairness-aware Graph Adaptation
24. ICML 2026Cluster-Aware Causal Mixer for Online Anomaly Detection in Multivariate Time Series
25. ICML 2026Concept Heterogeneity-aware Representation Steering
26. ICML 2026CONGA:Confidence-and-Gradient-Aware Learning Rate Schedule for Test Time Adaptation
27. ICML 2026CONTINUUM: Restoring the Contiguous Tensor Abstraction Efficiently for Dynamic AI Workloads via Hardware Virtualization
28. ICML 2026Convolutional Learnable-Group Weightless Neural Network
29. ICML 2026CORAL: Uncertainty-Aware Regulation of Exposure Concentration in Recommender Systems
30. ICML 2026Cost-aware Stopping for Bayesian Optimization
31. ICML 2026Courtroom Analogy: New Perspective on Uncertainty-Aware Classification
32. ICML 2026CRAMER: Control via Request-Aware Masking for Editing Recommenders
33. ICML 2026Crowd4D: Scene-Aware Monocular 4D Crowd Reconstruction
34. ICML 2026DARC: Disagreement-Aware Alignment via Risk-Constrained Decoding
35. ICML 2026DARTS: Distribution-Aware Active Rollout Trajectory Shaping for Accelerating LLM Reinforcement Learning
36. ICML 2026DAVE: Distribution-Aware Attribution via ViT Gradient Decomposition
37. ICML 2026DDSVM: A Differentiable Framework for Deep Support Vector Machines with Iterative Geometry-Aware Optimization
38. ICML 2026Deep Multi-view Graph Clustering via Attribute-aware Bidirectional Structural Refinement and Pseudo-label Guided Multi-level Fusion
39. ICML 2026Deep Scientific Reasoning under Physical Constraints: Structure-Aware Spectrum Prediction
40. ICML 2026Dependence-Aware Label Aggregation for LLM-as-a-Judge via Ising Models
41. ICML 2026Detecting Contextual Hallucinations in Large Language Models with Frequency-Aware Attention
42. ICML 2026Diversity-Aware Recursive Feature Multiple Kernel Learning
43. ICML 2026Diversity-aware Weight Perturbation Promotes Robust Adaptation
44. ICML 2026DMCO: Budget-Aware Co-Optimization of Data Cleaning and AutoML
45. ICML 2026Does a Hybrid Space-Aware Randomized Defense Improve Empirical and Certified Adversarial Robustness?
46. ICML 2026Domain-Shift-Aware Conformal Prediction for Large Language Models
47. ICML 2026DRL-STAF: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for State-Aware Forecasting of Complex Multivariate Hidden Markov Processes
48. ICML 2026Dynamic TMoE: A Drift-Aware Dynamic Mixture of Experts Framework for Non-Stationary Time Series Forecasting
49. ICML 2026ECO: Quantized Training without Full-Precision Master Weights
50. ICML 2026Efficient and Uncertainty-Aware Diffusion Framework for Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.