Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

55 papers, page 1 of 2

1. ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
2. ICML 2024A2Q+: Improving Accumulator-Aware Weight Quantization
3. ICML 2024ACE: Off-Policy Actor-Critic with Causality-Aware Entropy Regularization
4. ICML 2024Ambiguity-Aware Abductive Learning
5. ICML 2024AttnLRP: Attention-Aware Layer-Wise Relevance Propagation for Transformers
6. ICML 2024Balancing Feature Similarity and Label Variability for Optimal Size-Aware One-shot Subset Selection
7. ICML 2024Beyond the Federation: Topology-aware Federated Learning for Generalization to Unseen Clients
8. ICML 2024Category-Aware Active Domain Adaptation
9. ICML 2024Causal Action Influence Aware Counterfactual Data Augmentation
10. ICML 2024Cluster-Aware Similarity Diffusion for Instance Retrieval
11. ICML 2024Confidence Aware Inverse Constrained Reinforcement Learning
12. ICML 2024Confidence-aware Contrastive Learning for Selective Classification
13. ICML 2024Ditto: Quantization-aware Secure Inference of Transformers upon MPC
14. ICML 2024Drug Discovery with Dynamic Goal-aware Fragments
15. ICML 2024DsDm: Model-Aware Dataset Selection with Datamodels
16. ICML 2024Efficient Precision and Recall Metrics for Assessing Generative Models using Hubness-aware Sampling
17. ICML 2024Evaluation of LLMs on Syntax-Aware Code Fill-in-the-Middle Tasks
18. ICML 2024Explaining Graph Neural Networks via Structure-aware Interaction Index
19. ICML 2024Fast Peer Adaptation with Context-aware Exploration
20. ICML 2024Gated Linear Attention Transformers with Hardware-Efficient Training
21. ICML 2024Geometry-Aware Instrumental Variable Regression
22. ICML 2024Hierarchical Neural Operator Transformer with Learnable Frequency-aware Loss Prior for Arbitrary-scale Super-resolution
23. ICML 2024Improving Sharpness-Aware Minimization by Lookahead
24. ICML 2024Integrated Hardware Architecture and Device Placement Search
25. ICML 2024Knowledge-aware Reinforced Language Models for Protein Directed Evolution
26. ICML 2024Layer-Aware Analysis of Catastrophic Overfitting: Revealing the Pseudo-Robust Shortcut Dependency
27. ICML 2024Learning Scale-Aware Spatio-temporal Implicit Representation for Event-based Motion Deblurring
28. ICML 2024Learning Solution-Aware Transformers for Efficiently Solving Quadratic Assignment Problem
29. ICML 2024Learning to Predict Mutational Effects of Protein-Protein Interactions by Microenvironment-aware Hierarchical Prompt Learning
30. ICML 2024Locally Estimated Global Perturbations are Better than Local Perturbations for Federated Sharpness-aware Minimization
31. ICML 2024Lookbehind-SAM: k steps back, 1 step forward
32. ICML 2024MagicPose: Realistic Human Poses and Facial Expressions Retargeting with Identity-aware Diffusion
33. ICML 2024MS-TIP: Imputation Aware Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction
34. ICML 2024Noise-Aware Algorithm for Heterogeneous Differentially Private Federated Learning
35. ICML 2024On the Duality Between Sharpness-Aware Minimization and Adversarial Training
36. ICML 2024On The Fairness Impacts of Hardware Selection in Machine Learning
37. ICML 2024On the Maximal Local Disparity of Fairness-Aware Classifiers
38. ICML 2024Outlier-aware Slicing for Post-Training Quantization in Vision Transformer
39. ICML 2024PANDA: Expanded Width-Aware Message Passing Beyond Rewiring
40. ICML 2024PAPM: A Physics-aware Proxy Model for Process Systems
41. ICML 2024Privately Learning Smooth Distributions on the Hypercube by Projections
42. ICML 2024QUEST: Query-Aware Sparsity for Efficient Long-Context LLM Inference
43. ICML 2024Reshape and Adapt for Output Quantization (RAOQ): Quantization-aware Training for In-memory Computing Systems
44. ICML 2024Risk Aware Benchmarking of Large Language Models
45. ICML 2024SAMformer: Unlocking the Potential of Transformers in Time Series Forecasting with Sharpness-Aware Minimization and Channel-Wise Attention
46. ICML 2024Short-Long Convolutions Help Hardware-Efficient Linear Attention to Focus on Long Sequences
47. ICML 2024Split-Ensemble: Efficient OOD-aware Ensemble via Task and Model Splitting
48. ICML 2024Structure-Aware E(3)-Invariant Molecular Conformer Aggregation Networks
49. ICML 2024Task-aware Orthogonal Sparse Network for Exploring Shared Knowledge in Continual Learning
50. ICML 2024TimeMIL: Advancing Multivariate Time Series Classification via a Time-aware Multiple Instance Learning

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.