Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

473 papers, page 8 of 10

351. NeurIPS 2025SPACE: SPike-Aware Consistency Enhancement for Test-Time Adaptation in Spiking Neural Networks
352. NeurIPS 2025SPARKE: Scalable Prompt-Aware Diversity and Novelty Guidance in Diffusion Models via RKE Score
353. NeurIPS 2025Spatially-aware Weights Tokenization for NeRF-Language Models
354. NeurIPS 2025SpiderSolver: A Geometry-Aware Transformer for Solving PDEs on Complex Geometries
355. NeurIPS 2025SRHand: Super-Resolving Hand Images and 3D Shapes via View/Pose-aware Neural Image Representations and Explicit Meshes
356. NeurIPS 2025Structure-Aware Cooperative Ensemble Evolutionary Optimization on Combinatorial Problems with Multimodal Large Language Models
357. NeurIPS 2025Structure-Aware Fusion with Progressive Injection for Multimodal Molecular Representation Learning
358. NeurIPS 2025Structure-Aware Spectral Sparsification via Uniform Edge Sampling
359. NeurIPS 2025SUMO: Subspace-Aware Moment-Orthogonalization for Accelerating Memory-Efficient LLM Training
360. NeurIPS 2025Surface-Aware Feed-Forward Quadratic Gaussian for Frame Interpolation with Large Motion
361. NeurIPS 2025Temporal Smoothness-Aware Rate-Distortion Optimized 4D Gaussian Splatting
362. NeurIPS 2025The Overthinker's DIET: Cutting Token Calories with DIfficulty-AwarE Training
363. NeurIPS 2025Thinking in Character: Advancing Role-Playing Agents with Role-Aware Reasoning
364. NeurIPS 2025Token-Level Self-Play with Importance-Aware Guidance for Large Language Models
365. NeurIPS 2025Topology-Aware Conformal Prediction for Stream Networks
366. NeurIPS 2025Topology-aware Graph Diffusion Model with Persistent Homology
367. NeurIPS 2025Topology-Aware Learning of Tubular Manifolds via SE(3)-Equivariant Network on Ball B-Spline Curve
368. NeurIPS 2025Towards precision protein-ligand affinity prediction benchmark: A Complete and Modification-Aware DAVIS Dataset
369. NeurIPS 2025Towards Unsupervised Training of Matching-based Graph Edit Distance Solver via Preference-aware GAN
370. NeurIPS 2025Transforming Gaps into Gains: Bridging Model and Data Heterogeneity in Federated Learning via Knowledge Weak-Aware Zones
371. NeurIPS 2025Turning the Tables: Enabling Backward Transfer via Causal-Aware LoRA in Continual Learning
372. NeurIPS 2025U-CAN: Unsupervised Point Cloud Denoising with Consistency-Aware Noise2Noise Matching
373. NeurIPS 2025Uncertainty-aware Preference Alignment for Diffusion Policies
374. NeurIPS 2025Unlearning-Aware Minimization
375. NeurIPS 2025Unveiling m-Sharpness Through the Structure of Stochastic Gradient Noise
376. NeurIPS 2025User-Instructed Disparity-aware Defocus Control
377. NeurIPS 2025Variance-Aware Feel-Good Thompson Sampling for Contextual Bandits
378. NeurIPS 2025ViSpec: Accelerating Vision-Language Models with Vision-Aware Speculative Decoding
379. NeurIPS 2025Vulnerable Data-Aware Adversarial Training
380. NeurIPS 2025WaveAR: Wavelet-Aware Continuous Autoregressive Diffusion for Accurate Human Motion Prediction
381. NeurIPS 2025When Causal Dynamics Matter: Adapting Causal Strategies through Meta-Aware Interventions
382. NeurIPS 2025World-aware Planning Narratives Enhance Large Vision-Language Model Planner
383. NeurIPS 2025ZPressor: Bottleneck-Aware Compression for Scalable Feed-Forward 3DGS
384. NeurIPS 2024$\boldsymbol{\mu}\mathbf{P^2}$: Effective Sharpness Aware Minimization Requires Layerwise Perturbation Scaling
385. NeurIPS 2024$\textit{Bifr\"ost}$: 3D-Aware Image Compositing with Language Instructions
386. NeurIPS 2024A Consistency-Aware Spot-Guided Transformer for Versatile and Hierarchical Point Cloud Registration
387. NeurIPS 2024A Single-Step, Sharpness-Aware Minimization is All You Need to Achieve Efficient and Accurate Sparse Training
388. NeurIPS 2024A Topology-aware Graph Coarsening Framework for Continual Graph Learning
389. NeurIPS 2024A2PO: Towards Effective Offline Reinforcement Learning from an Advantage-aware Perspective
390. NeurIPS 2024Active Learning with LLMs for Partially Observed and Cost-Aware Scenarios
391. NeurIPS 2024Approximation-Aware Bayesian Optimization
392. NeurIPS 2024Association Pattern-aware Fusion for Biological Entity Relationship Prediction
393. NeurIPS 2024AV-GS: Learning Material and Geometry Aware Priors for Novel View Acoustic Synthesis
394. NeurIPS 2024Cardinality-Aware Set Prediction and Top-$k$ Classification
395. NeurIPS 2024Computation-Aware Gaussian Processes: Model Selection And Linear-Time Inference
396. NeurIPS 2024Con4m: Context-aware Consistency Learning Framework for Segmented Time Series Classification
397. NeurIPS 2024Context and Geometry Aware Voxel Transformer for Semantic Scene Completion
398. NeurIPS 2024Context-Aware Testing: A New Paradigm for Model Testing with Large Language Models
399. NeurIPS 2024Cooperative Hardware-Prompt Learning for Snapshot Compressive Imaging
400. NeurIPS 2024Cost-aware Bayesian Optimization via the Pandora's Box Gittins Index

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.