Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

340 papers, page 7 of 7

301. ICML 2024Reshape and Adapt for Output Quantization (RAOQ): Quantization-aware Training for In-memory Computing Systems
302. ICML 2024Risk Aware Benchmarking of Large Language Models
303. ICML 2024SAMformer: Unlocking the Potential of Transformers in Time Series Forecasting with Sharpness-Aware Minimization and Channel-Wise Attention
304. ICML 2024Short-Long Convolutions Help Hardware-Efficient Linear Attention to Focus on Long Sequences
305. ICML 2024Split-Ensemble: Efficient OOD-aware Ensemble via Task and Model Splitting
306. ICML 2024Structure-Aware E(3)-Invariant Molecular Conformer Aggregation Networks
307. ICML 2024Task-aware Orthogonal Sparse Network for Exploring Shared Knowledge in Continual Learning
308. ICML 2024TimeMIL: Advancing Multivariate Time Series Classification via a Time-aware Multiple Instance Learning
309. ICML 2024TinyTrain: Resource-Aware Task-Adaptive Sparse Training of DNNs at the Data-Scarce Edge
310. ICML 2024Trust the Model Where It Trusts Itself - Model-Based Actor-Critic with Uncertainty-Aware Rollout Adaption
311. ICML 2024Uncertainty Estimation by Density Aware Evidential Deep Learning
312. ICML 2024Variational Partial Group Convolutions for Input-Aware Partial Equivariance of Rotations and Color-Shifts
313. ICML 2024Winner-takes-all learners are geometry-aware conditional density estimators
314. ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
315. ICML 2023Beyond In-Domain Scenarios: Robust Density-Aware Calibration
316. ICML 2023COLA: Orchestrating Error Coding and Learning for Robust Neural Network Inference Against Hardware Defects
317. ICML 2023Controllability-Aware Unsupervised Skill Discovery
318. ICML 2023DevFormer: A Symmetric Transformer for Context-Aware Device Placement
319. ICML 2023Differentially Private Sharpness-Aware Training
320. ICML 2023Discover and Cure: Concept-aware Mitigation of Spurious Correlation
321. ICML 2023Distortion and Uncertainty Aware Loss for Panoramic Depth Completion
322. ICML 2023Dynamic Regularized Sharpness Aware Minimization in Federated Learning: Approaching Global Consistency and Smooth Landscape
323. ICML 2023Efficient Latency-Aware CNN Depth Compression via Two-Stage Dynamic Programming
324. ICML 2023Fair and Accurate Decision Making through Group-Aware Learning
325. ICML 2023Fed-CBS: A Heterogeneity-Aware Client Sampling Mechanism for Federated Learning via Class-Imbalance Reduction
326. ICML 2023FedDisco: Federated Learning with Discrepancy-Aware Collaboration
327. ICML 2023Generalized Disparate Impact for Configurable Fairness Solutions in ML
328. ICML 2023Hardware-Aware Compression with Random Operation Access Specific Tile (ROAST) Hashing
329. ICML 2023Implicit Jacobian regularization weighted with impurity of probability output
330. ICML 2023Improving the Model Consistency of Decentralized Federated Learning
331. ICML 2023One-vs-the-Rest Loss to Focus on Important Samples in Adversarial Training
332. ICML 2023Phase-aware Adversarial Defense for Improving Adversarial Robustness
333. ICML 2023Privacy-Aware Compression for Federated Learning Through Numerical Mechanism Design
334. ICML 2023R-U-SURE? Uncertainty-Aware Code Suggestions By Maximizing Utility Across Random User Intents
335. ICML 2023Reachability-Aware Laplacian Representation in Reinforcement Learning
336. ICML 2023SAAL: Sharpness-Aware Active Learning
337. ICML 2023Simple Hardware-Efficient Long Convolutions for Sequence Modeling
338. ICML 2023SpeedDETR: Speed-aware Transformers for End-to-end Object Detection
339. ICML 2023Surrogate Module Learning: Reduce the Gradient Error Accumulation in Training Spiking Neural Networks
340. ICML 2023Symmetry-Aware Robot Design with Structured Subgroups

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.