Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

340 papers, page 5 of 7

201. ICML 2025DA-KD: Difficulty-Aware Knowledge Distillation for Efficient Large Language Models
202. ICML 2025Decision-aware Training of Spatiotemporal Forecasting Models to Select a Top-K Subset of Sites for Intervention
203. ICML 2025DocVXQA: Context-Aware Visual Explanations for Document Question Answering
204. ICML 2025Dynamic Sparse Training of Diagonally Sparse Networks
205. ICML 2025EARTH: Epidemiology-Aware Neural ODE with Continuous Disease Transmission Graph
206. ICML 2025Efficient Curvature-Aware Hypergradient Approximation for Bilevel Optimization
207. ICML 2025Efficient Heterogeneity-Aware Federated Active Data Selection
208. ICML 2025Efficient Skill Discovery via Regret-Aware Optimization
209. ICML 2025FlashTP: Fused, Sparsity-Aware Tensor Product for Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials
210. ICML 2025Focal-SAM: Focal Sharpness-Aware Minimization for Long-Tailed Classification
211. ICML 2025Global Context-aware Representation Learning for Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics
212. ICML 2025Handling Imbalanced Pseudolabels for Vision-Language Models with Concept Alignment and Confusion-Aware Calibrated Margin
213. ICML 2025Hardware and Software Platform Inference
214. ICML 2025Improving Generalization with Flat Hilbert Bayesian Inference
215. ICML 2025Improving Multi-Class Calibration through Normalization-Aware Isotonic Techniques
216. ICML 2025InfAlign: Inference-aware language model alignment
217. ICML 2025Interaction-Aware Gaussian Weighting for Clustered Federated Learning
218. ICML 2025KVTuner: Sensitivity-Aware Layer-Wise Mixed-Precision KV Cache Quantization for Efficient and Nearly Lossless LLM Inference
219. ICML 2025Ladder-Residual: Parallelism-Aware Architecture for Accelerating Large Model Inference with Communication Overlapping
220. ICML 2025Learngene Tells You How to Customize: Task-Aware Parameter Initialization at Flexible Scales
221. ICML 2025Learning Adaptive Lighting via Channel-Aware Guidance
222. ICML 2025Learning from Loss Landscape: Generalizable Mixed-Precision Quantization via Adaptive Sharpness-Aware Gradient Aligning
223. ICML 2025Learning Time-Aware Causal Representation for Model Generalization in Evolving Domains
224. ICML 2025Local Manifold Approximation and Projection for Manifold-Aware Diffusion Planning
225. ICML 2025NeuralCohort: Cohort-aware Neural Representation Learning for Healthcare Analytics
226. ICML 2025One Arrow, Two Hawks: Sharpness-aware Minimization for Federated Learning via Global Model Trajectory
227. ICML 2025One Leaf Reveals the Season: Occlusion-Based Contrastive Learning with Semantic-Aware Views for Efficient Visual Representation
228. ICML 2025Online Curvature-Aware Replay: Leveraging $\mathbf{2^{nd}}$ Order Information for Online Continual Learning
229. ICML 2025Outlier-Aware Post-Training Quantization for Discrete Graph Diffusion Models
230. ICML 2025Pareto Merging: Multi-Objective Optimization for Preference-Aware Model Merging
231. ICML 2025PARQ: Piecewise-Affine Regularized Quantization
232. ICML 2025Phase and Amplitude-aware Prompting for Enhancing Adversarial Robustness
233. ICML 2025Physics Aware Neural Networks for Unsupervised Binding Energy Prediction
234. ICML 2025Puzzle: Distillation-Based NAS for Inference-Optimized LLMs
235. ICML 2025QT-DoG: Quantization-Aware Training for Domain Generalization
236. ICML 2025Restoring Calibration for Aligned Large Language Models: A Calibration-Aware Fine-Tuning Approach
237. ICML 2025SAFER: A Calibrated Risk-Aware Multimodal Recommendation Model for Dynamic Treatment Regimes
238. ICML 2025Sassha: Sharpness-aware Adaptive Second-order Optimization with Stable Hessian Approximation
239. ICML 2025SCISSOR: Mitigating Semantic Bias through Cluster-Aware Siamese Networks for Robust Classification
240. ICML 2025Self-supervised Masked Graph Autoencoder via Structure-aware Curriculum
241. ICML 2025Sorbet: A Neuromorphic Hardware-Compatible Transformer-Based Spiking Language Model
242. ICML 2025Spectral-Aware Reservoir Computing for Fast and Accurate Time Series Classification
243. ICML 2025Splitting with Importance-aware Updating for Heterogeneous Federated Learning with Large Language Models
244. ICML 2025Symmetry-Aware GFlowNets
245. ICML 2025System-Aware Unlearning Algorithms: Use Lesser, Forget Faster
246. ICML 2025TANGO: Clustering with Typicality-Aware Nonlocal Mode-Seeking and Graph-Cut Optimization
247. ICML 2025Task-Aware Virtual Training: Enhancing Generalization in Meta-Reinforcement Learning for Out-of-Distribution Tasks
248. ICML 2025Temporal Distance-aware Transition Augmentation for Offline Model-based Reinforcement Learning
249. ICML 2025Thickness-aware E(3)-Equivariant 3D Mesh Neural Networks
250. ICML 2025Tightening Causal Bounds via Covariate-Aware Optimal Transport

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.