Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

186 papers, page 4 of 4

151. ICML 2026Stability Analysis of Sharpness-Aware Minimization
152. ICML 2026STAND: Self-Aware Precondition Induction for Interactive Task Learning
153. ICML 2026STAR: Rethinking MoE Routing as Structure-Aware Subspace Learning
154. ICML 2026Stochastic Sparse Attention for Memory-Bound Inference
155. ICML 2026Strategy-Aware Optimization Modeling with Reasoning LLMs
156. ICML 2026Structure-Aware Consistency Priors for Shape from Polarization in Complex Media
157. ICML 2026Structure-aware Granular-Ball based Information Bottleneck for Multi-modal Clustering
158. ICML 2026Subspace-Aware Feature Reshaping for Open-Set Graph Class-Incremental Learning
159. ICML 2026Sycophancy Towards Researchers Drives Performative Misalignment
160. ICML 2026Symmetries in PAC-Bayesian Learning
161. ICML 2026TarGATE: Target-Aware Data Selection via Token-Attenuation Gates
162. ICML 2026Target-Agnostic Calibration under Distribution Shift with Frequency-Aware Gradient Rectification
163. ICML 2026Target-Aware Bandit Allocation for Scalable Surrogate Optimization in Chemical Space
164. ICML 2026Task-Aware Exploration via a Predictive Bisimulation Metric
165. ICML 2026Task-Aware Preference Calibration for Direct Preference Optimization
166. ICML 2026TeamWork: Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection via Asymmetric Role-aware Channel Modeling
167. ICML 2026The Pareto-optimal Trade-off between Regret and Statistical Inference in Linear Stochastic Bandits under Safety Constraints
168. ICML 2026Threshold-Based Exclusive Batching for LLM Inference
169. ICML 2026TileSparse: Arithmetic-Intensity-Aware Sparse Attention for Compute-Bound LLM Decoding
170. ICML 2026ToMAP: Training Opponent-Aware LLM Persuaders with Theory of Mind
171. ICML 2026Topology-Aware Contrastive Learning: Regulating Representation Connectivity via Persistent Homology
172. ICML 2026Toward Subspace-Perturbed Trajectory-Aware Backdoor Attacks in Deep Reinforcement Learning
173. ICML 2026Towards Reliable Marking and Verification of AI-Generated Text via Geometry-aware Sentence-level Watermarking
174. ICML 2026Tracking Drift: Variation-Aware Entropy Scheduling for Non-Stationary Reinforcement Learning
175. ICML 2026Training-Trajectory-Aware Token Selection
176. ICML 2026Trajectory-Aware Heuristic Learning for Combinatorial Search
177. ICML 2026Trajectory-Aware Spiking DiTs Conversion via Membrane Potential Error-Feedback
178. ICML 2026TUR-DPO: Topology- and Uncertainty-Aware Direct Preference Optimization
179. ICML 2026Two-dimensional quantization for geometry-aware audio coding
180. ICML 2026UCPO: Uncertainty-Aware Policy Optimization
181. ICML 2026Ultrafast On-Chip Online Learning via Spline Locality in Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks
182. ICML 2026Unlocking Cross-Modal Biosignal Synthesis: A Temporally-Aware VAE-Diffusion Model
183. ICML 2026Unsat Core Prediction through Polarity-Aware Representation Learning over Clause-Literal Hypergraphs
184. ICML 2026Unsupervised Process-Aware Coreset Selection for In-Context Learning
185. ICML 2026Wasserstein Geometry-Aware Adaptive Control via Meta-Learning
186. ICML 2026WinQ: Accelerating Quantization-Aware Training of Language Models Around Saddle Points

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.