Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

186 papers, page 3 of 4

101. ICML 2026Mitigating Error Propagation in Low-Rank Approximation of Large Models via Distribution-Aware Whitening
102. ICML 2026Mitigating Manifold Departure: Uncertainty-Aware Subspace Rectification for Trustworthy MLLM Decoding
103. ICML 2026MixFP4: Enhancing NVFP4 with Adaptive FP4/INT4 Block Representations
104. ICML 2026Must All Negatives Be Pushed Away Equally? Uncertainty-Aware Cross-View Geo-Localization via Normal Inverse Gamma Distribution
105. ICML 2026Navigating the Flatlands: Dual Adaptive Sharpness-Aware Minimization for Domain Generalization
106. ICML 2026No Retraining at Edge: Efficient Resource-Aware Mixed-Precision Quantization via Federated Supernet Learning
107. ICML 2026On Efficient Scaling of GNNs via IO-Aware Layers Implementations
108. ICML 2026Opportunistic Expert Activation: Batch-Aware Expert Routing for Faster Decode Without Retraining
109. ICML 2026Outcome-Aware Spectral Feature Learning for Instrumental Variable Regression
110. ICML 2026Physiology-Aware Masked Cross-Modal Reconstruction for Biosignal Representation Learning
111. ICML 2026Population-Aware Imitation Learning in Mean-field Games with Common Noise
112. ICML 2026Pose-ICL: 3D-Aware In-Context Learning for Pose-Controllable Subject Customization
113. ICML 2026Preconditioned DeltaNet: Curvature-aware Sequence Modeling for Linear Recurrences
114. ICML 2026Prefix-Cache-Aware Data Reordering for LLM-Augmented Database Analytics
115. ICML 2026Priority-Aware Shapley Value
116. ICML 2026Prism: Spectral-Aware Block-Sparse Attention
117. ICML 2026Privacy-Aware Video Anomaly Detection through Orthogonal Subspace Projection
118. ICML 2026ProjQ: Project-and-Quantize for Adapter-Aware LLM Compression
119. ICML 2026PsumQuant: In-line Post-training Partial Sum Quantizer for Energy Efficient NPU Inference
120. ICML 2026Q-SAM: Unlocking Sharpness-Aware Minimization for Generalization in Offline Reinforcement Learning
121. ICML 2026Q-Sched: Pushing the Boundaries of Few-Step Diffusion Models with Quantization-Aware Scheduling
122. ICML 2026QiMeng-PerceptOS: Semantic-Aware Kernel Optimization for OS-Intensive Workloads via Hardware-Software Alignment
123. ICML 2026RaBiT: Residual Aware Binarization Training for Accurate and Efficient LLMs
124. ICML 2026RACER: Risk-Aware Calibrated Efficient Routing for Large Language Models
125. ICML 2026RaGEP: Rank-aware Geometric Expert Pruning for Mixture-of-Experts Language Models
126. ICML 2026RAMAC: Multimodal Risk-Aware Offline Reinforcement Learning and the Role of Behavior Regularization
127. ICML 2026Rank-Aware Spectral Bounds on Attention Logits for Stable Low-Precision Training
128. ICML 2026RAST-MoE-RL: A Regime-Aware Spatio-Temporal MoE Framework for Deep Reinforcement Learning in Ride-Hailing
129. ICML 2026Reliable Neighborhood-Aware Multi-View Outlier Detection
130. ICML 2026ReMoE: Boosting Expert Reuse through Router Fine-Tuning in Memory-Constrained MoE LLM Inference
131. ICML 2026Rethinking Depth Pruning for Vision Transformers: A Heterogeneity-Aware Perspective
132. ICML 2026Saliency-Aware Model Merging
133. ICML 2026Sample Margin-Aware Recalibration of Temperature Scaling
134. ICML 2026SAOT: Self-Supervised Continual Graph Learning with Structure-Aware Optimal Transport
135. ICML 2026Scale-Aware Domain Harmonization for Domain Adaptation Person Search
136. ICML 2026Scaling Law for Quantization-Aware Training
137. ICML 2026Scheduling LLM Inference with Uncertainty-Aware Output Length Predictions
138. ICML 2026SciNet: Evaluating AI Agents in Relation-Aware Scientific Literature Retrieval
139. ICML 2026Seeking Commonality, Preserving Specificity: A Spectral-Aware Hierarchical Framework for Cross-City Road Representation Learning
140. ICML 2026Semantic-Aware Motion Encoding for Topology-Agnostic Character Animation
141. ICML 2026Sharpness-Aware Minimization Can Hallucinate Minimizers
142. ICML 2026Sharpness-Aware Pretraining Mitigates Catastrophic Forgetting
143. ICML 2026SI-IGCL: Subject Invariance-aware Inverse Graph Contrastive Learning for Psychiatric Disorder Identification
144. ICML 2026Singularity-aware Optimization via Randomized Geometric Probing: Towards Stable Non-smooth Optimization
145. ICML 2026SparseOpt: Addressing Normalization-induced Gradient Skew in Sparse Training
146. ICML 2026Spatial Deconfounder: Interference-Aware Deconfounding for Spatial Causal Inference
147. ICML 2026Spatial-Aware Reduction Framework: Towards Efficient and Faithful Visual State Space Models
148. ICML 2026SpecMD: A Comprehensive Study On Speculative Expert Prefetching
149. ICML 2026Spherical Steering: Geometry-Aware Activation Rotation for Language Models
150. ICML 2026SPLIT-VLM: Salience-Guided Partitioning towards Local Coverage for Importance-Aware Token Dropping in Vision-Language Models

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.