Hardware-Aware ML papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• Hardware-Aware ML went from 173 papers in 2023 to 765 in 2026, roughly 4.4x in three years.
• CVPR publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML work: 479 papers from 2023 to 2026, 31% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Diffusion Models: papers tagged with both rose from 4 in 2023 to 58 in 2026.
• Among the 5 topics under Efficiency and Systems, it ranks #2 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, Datasets and Benchmarks, is up 2.1x versus 4.4x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AcceleGrad#: Adaptive Geometry-Aware Acceleration
• ICML 2026A Geometry-Aware Efficient Algorithm for Compositional Entropic Risk Minimization
• ICLR 2026Confident Block Diagonal Structure-Aware Invariable Graph Completion for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
• CVPR 2026ActAvatar Temporally-Aware Precise Action Control for Talking Avatars
• NeurIPS 2025AcuRank: Uncertainty-Aware Adaptive Computation for Listwise Reranking
• ICML 2025CABS: Conflict-Aware and Balanced Sparsification for Enhancing Model Merging
• ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
• CVPR 2025A Distractor-Aware Memory for Visual Object Tracking with SAM2
• NeurIPS 2024HW-GPT-Bench: Hardware-Aware Architecture Benchmark for Language Models
• ICML 2024A Universal Class of Sharpness-Aware Minimization Algorithms
• ICLR 2024Domain-Inspired Sharpness-Aware Minimization Under Domain Shifts
• CVPR 2024Distribution-aware Knowledge Prototyping for Non-exemplar Lifelong Person Re-identification
• NeurIPS 2023Affinity-Aware Graph Networks
• ICML 2023A Three-regime Model of Network Pruning
• ICLR 2023$\rm A^2Q$: Aggregation-Aware Quantization for Graph Neural Networks
• CVPR 20233D-Aware Face Swapping
• NeurIPS 2026Accelerating Rectified Flow Models via Trajectory-Aware Caching
• ICML 2026Attention Sink Forges Native MoE in Attention Layers: Sink-Aware Training to Address Head Collapse
• ICLR 2026Distribution-Aware Multi-Granularity Phase Coding: Towards Lower Conversion Error for Spike-Driven Large Language Models
• CVPR 2026BD-Merging Bias-Aware Dynamic Model Merging with Evidence-Guided Contrastive Learning

All Hardware-Aware ML papers

232 papers, page 3 of 5

101. ICLR 2026Splat and Distill: Augmenting Teachers with Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction For 3D-Aware Distillation
102. ICLR 2026Steering Evaluation-Aware Language Models To Act Like They Are Deployed
103. ICLR 2026Symmetry-Aware Bayesian Optimization via Max Kernels
104. ICLR 2026Task-Aware Data Selection via Proxy-Label Enhanced Distribution Matching for LLM Finetuning
105. ICLR 2026TESSAR: Geometry-Aware Active Regression via Dynamic Voronoi Tessellation
106. ICLR 2026Texture Vector-Quantization and Reconstruction Aware Prediction for Generative Super-Resolution
107. ICLR 2026TileLang: Bridge Programmability and Performance in Modern Neural Kernels
108. ICLR 2026TINY BUT MIGHTY: A SOFTWARE-HARDWARE CO- DESIGN APPROACH FOR EFFICIENT MULTIMODAL IN- FERENCE ON BATTERY-POWERED SMALL DEVICES
109. ICLR 2026Token Distillation: Attention-Aware Input Embeddings for New Tokens
110. ICLR 2026TokenSeek: Memory Efficient Fine Tuning via Instance-Aware Token Ditching
111. ICLR 2026ToProVAR: Efficient Visual Autoregressive Modeling via Tri-Dimensional Entropy-Aware Semantic Analysis and Sparsity Optimization
112. ICLR 2026Towards Anomaly-Aware Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning for Graph Anomaly Detection
113. ICLR 2026Towards Understanding The Calibration Benefits of Sharpness-Aware Minimization
114. ICLR 2026Tug-of-War No More: Harmonizing Accuracy and Robustness in Vision-Language Models via Stability-Aware Task Vector Merging
115. ICLR 2026TurboBoA: Faster and Exact Attention-aware Quantization without Backpropagation
116. ICLR 2026Uncertainty-Aware 3D Reconstruction for Dynamic Underwater Scenes
117. ICLR 2026Uncertainty-Aware Diagnostics for Physics-Informed Machine Learning
118. ICLR 2026Uncertainty-driven Embedding Convolution
119. ICLR 2026Unsupervised Representation Learning for 3D Mesh Parameterization with Semantic and Visibility Objectives
120. ICLR 2026WATS: Wavelet-Aware Temperature Scaling for Reliable Graph Neural Networks
121. ICLR 20256DGS: Enhanced Direction-Aware Gaussian Splatting for Volumetric Rendering
122. ICLR 2025A Distributional Approach to Uncertainty-Aware Preference Alignment Using Offline Demonstrations
123. ICLR 2025Better autoregressive regression with LLMs via regression-aware fine-tuning
124. ICLR 2025CAMEx: Curvature-aware Merging of Experts
125. ICLR 2025CATCH: Channel-Aware Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection via Frequency Patching
126. ICLR 2025CAX: Cellular Automata Accelerated in JAX
127. ICLR 2025Curriculum-aware Training for Discriminating Molecular Property Prediction Models
128. ICLR 2025Decision Tree Induction Through LLMs via Semantically-Aware Evolution
129. ICLR 2025DGQ: Distribution-Aware Group Quantization for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
130. ICLR 2025Easing Training Process of Rectified Flow Models Via Lengthening Inter-Path Distance
131. ICLR 2025FlashRNN: I/O-Aware Optimization of Traditional RNNs on modern hardware
132. ICLR 2025GaussianBlock: Building Part-Aware Compositional and Editable 3D Scene by Primitives and Gaussians
133. ICLR 2025Geometry-Aware Approaches for Balancing Performance and Theoretical Guarantees in Linear Bandits
134. ICLR 2025Geometry-aware RL for Manipulation of Varying Shapes and Deformable Objects
135. ICLR 2025Going Beyond Feature Similarity: Effective Dataset distillation based on Class-aware Conditional Mutual Information
136. ICLR 2025Inference-Aware Fine-Tuning for Best-of-N Sampling in Large Language Models
137. ICLR 2025KooNPro: A Variance-Aware Koopman Probabilistic Model Enhanced by Neural Process for Time Series Forecasting
138. ICLR 2025LeanQuant: Accurate and Scalable Large Language Model Quantization with Loss-error-aware Grid
139. ICLR 2025MaxCutPool: differentiable feature-aware Maxcut for pooling in graph neural networks
140. ICLR 2025Mitigating Parameter Interference in Model Merging via Sharpness-Aware Fine-Tuning
141. ICLR 2025Multiplicative Logit Adjustment Approximates Neural-Collapse-Aware Decision Boundary Adjustment
142. ICLR 2025NExUME: Adaptive Training and Inference for DNNs under Intermittent Power Environments
143. ICLR 2025OATS: Outlier-Aware Pruning Through Sparse and Low Rank Decomposition
144. ICLR 2025OCCAM: Towards Cost-Efficient and Accuracy-Aware Classification Inference
145. ICLR 2025PolaFormer: Polarity-aware Linear Attention for Vision Transformers
146. ICLR 2025Privacy-Aware Lifelong Learning
147. ICLR 2025Ranking-aware adapter for text-driven image ordering with CLIP
148. ICLR 2025Relation-Aware Diffusion for Heterogeneous Graphs with Partially Observed Features
149. ICLR 2025Rethinking the generalization of drug target affinity prediction algorithms via similarity aware evaluation
150. ICLR 2025SaMer: A Scenario-aware Multi-dimensional Evaluator for Large Language Models

FAQ

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

1,524 in total: 173 in 2023, 263 in 2024, 323 in 2025, 765 in 2026.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 263 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 120 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 120 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 44 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 186 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 72 the year before.

How many Hardware-Aware ML papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 196 Hardware-Aware ML papers, versus 87 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most Hardware-Aware ML papers?

CVPR, with 479 papers from 2023 to 2026.