General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning went from 649 papers in 2023 to 799 in 2026, roughly 1.2x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning work: 859 papers from 2023 to 2026, 32% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Deep learning · self supervised learning: papers tagged with both rose from 23 in 2023 to 86 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 1.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A general kernel framework for non-CND distance measures using $|\mathcal{D}|$-dimensional sparse landmark embeddings
• ICML 2026$\mu$pscaling small models: Principled warm starts and hyperparameter transfer
• ICLR 2026A Generalized Geometric Theoretical Framework of Centroid Discriminant Analysis for Linear Classification of Multi-dimensional Data
• CVPR 2026COG Confidence-aware Optimal Geometric Correspondence for Unsupervised Single-reference Novel Object
• NeurIPS 2025$O(\sqrt{T})$ Static Regret and Instance Dependent Constraint Violation for Constrained Online Convex Optimization
• ICML 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learning
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Producing Interpretable Semantic Text Embeddings
• CVPR 2025A General Adaptive Dual-level Weighting Mechanism for Remote Sensing Pansharpening
• NeurIPS 2024GlotCC: An Open Broad-Coverage CommonCrawl Corpus and Pipeline for Minority Languages
• ICML 2024CKGConv: General Graph Convolution with Continuous Kernels
• ICLR 2024A Graph is Worth 1-bit Spikes: When Graph Contrastive Learning Meets Spiking Neural Networks
• CVPR 2024Dual Prototype Attention for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation
• NeurIPS 2023$H$-Consistency Bounds: Characterization and Extensions
• ICML 2023A Mathematical Model for Curriculum Learning for Parities
• ICLR 2023A General Framework For Proving The Equivariant Strong Lottery Ticket Hypothesis
• CVPR 2023A General Regret Bound of Preconditioned Gradient Method for DNN Training
• NeurIPS 2026Attention-based PCA
• ICML 2026A Control-Theoretic View of Mamba on Stability and Robustness
• ICLR 2026A Single Architecture for Representing Invariance Under Any Space Group
• CVPR 2026CROWn A Unified Framework for Anti-Aliased Downsampling and Phase-Calibrated Fusion

All General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers

684 papers, page 8 of 14

351. ICLR 2025Unsupervised Disentanglement of Content and Style via Variance-Invariance Constraints
352. ICLR 2025Unsupervised Meta-Learning via In-Context Learning
353. ICLR 2025Unsupervised Model Tree Heritage Recovery
354. ICLR 2025Unsupervised Multiple Kernel Learning for Graphs via Ordinality Preservation
355. ICLR 2025Unsupervised Zero-Shot Reinforcement Learning via Dual-Value Forward-Backward Representation
356. ICLR 2025URLOST: Unsupervised Representation Learning without Stationarity or Topology
357. ICLR 2025Vector-ICL: In-context Learning with Continuous Vector Representations
358. ICLR 2025WardropNet: Traffic Flow Predictions via Equilibrium-Augmented Learning
359. ICLR 2025Wasserstein-Regularized Conformal Prediction under General Distribution Shift
360. ICLR 2025What Does It Mean to Be a Transformer? Insights from a Theoretical Hessian Analysis
361. ICLR 2025What to align in multimodal contrastive learning?
362. ICLR 2024"What Data Benefits My Classifier?" Enhancing Model Performance and Interpretability through Influence-Based Data Selection
363. ICLR 2024$\alpha$TC-VAE: On the relationship between Disentanglement and Diversity
364. ICLR 2024A General Framework for User-Guided Bayesian Optimization
365. ICLR 2024A Graph is Worth 1-bit Spikes: When Graph Contrastive Learning Meets Spiking Neural Networks
366. ICLR 2024A Mutual Information Perspective on Federated Contrastive Learning
367. ICLR 2024A path-norm toolkit for modern networks: consequences, promises and challenges
368. ICLR 2024A Poincaré Inequality and Consistency Results for Signal Sampling on Large Graphs
369. ICLR 2024A Primal-Dual Approach to Solving Variational Inequalities with General Constraints
370. ICLR 2024A representation-learning game for classes of prediction tasks
371. ICLR 2024A Restoration Network as an Implicit Prior
372. ICLR 2024A Simple and Effective Pruning Approach for Large Language Models
373. ICLR 2024A Unified and General Framework for Continual Learning
374. ICLR 2024Accurate and Scalable Estimation of Epistemic Uncertainty for Graph Neural Networks
375. ICLR 2024ACRF: Compressing Explicit Neural Radiance Fields via Attribute Compression
376. ICLR 2024Adapting Large Language Models via Reading Comprehension
377. ICLR 2024ADDP: Learning General Representations for Image Recognition and Generation with Alternating Denoising Diffusion Process
378. ICLR 2024Adversarial Training on Purification (AToP): Advancing Both Robustness and Generalization
379. ICLR 2024AffineQuant: Affine Transformation Quantization for Large Language Models
380. ICLR 2024Algorithms for Caching and MTS with reduced number of predictions
381. ICLR 2024Align With Purpose: Optimize Desired Properties in CTC Models with a General Plug-and-Play Framework
382. ICLR 2024Approximately Piecewise E(3) Equivariant Point Networks
383. ICLR 2024Are Transformers with One Layer Self-Attention Using Low-Rank Weight Matrices Universal Approximators?
384. ICLR 2024Asymptotically Free Sketched Ridge Ensembles: Risks, Cross-Validation, and Tuning
385. ICLR 2024Attention-based Iterative Decomposition for Tensor Product Representation
386. ICLR 2024AutoDAN: Generating Stealthy Jailbreak Prompts on Aligned Large Language Models
387. ICLR 2024Batch normalization is sufficient for universal function approximation in CNNs
388. ICLR 2024BatchPrompt: Accomplish more with less
389. ICLR 2024BECLR: Batch Enhanced Contrastive Few-Shot Learning
390. ICLR 2024Benchmarking and Improving Generator-Validator Consistency of Language Models
391. ICLR 2024Beyond IID weights: sparse and low-rank deep Neural Networks are also Gaussian Processes
392. ICLR 2024Biased Temporal Convolution Graph Network for Time Series Forecasting with Missing Values
393. ICLR 2024Boosting Graph Anomaly Detection with Adaptive Message Passing
394. ICLR 2024Bridging Neural and Symbolic Representations with Transitional Dictionary Learning
395. ICLR 2024Butterfly Effects of SGD Noise: Error Amplification in Behavior Cloning and Autoregression
396. ICLR 2024CABINET: Content Relevance-based Noise Reduction for Table Question Answering
397. ICLR 2024Candidate Label Set Pruning: A Data-centric Perspective for Deep Partial-label Learning
398. ICLR 2024Certified Adversarial Robustness for Rate Encoded Spiking Neural Networks
399. ICLR 2024Compressing Latent Space via Least Volume
400. ICLR 2024Connecting Large Language Models with Evolutionary Algorithms Yields Powerful Prompt Optimizers

FAQ

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,683 in total: 649 in 2023, 553 in 2024, 682 in 2025, 799 in 2026.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 194 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 203 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 187 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 174 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 348 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 239 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 70 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 66 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers?

ICML, with 859 papers from 2023 to 2026.