General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning went from 649 papers in 2023 to 799 in 2026, roughly 1.2x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning work: 859 papers from 2023 to 2026, 32% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Deep learning · self supervised learning: papers tagged with both rose from 23 in 2023 to 86 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 1.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A general kernel framework for non-CND distance measures using $|\mathcal{D}|$-dimensional sparse landmark embeddings
• ICML 2026$\mu$pscaling small models: Principled warm starts and hyperparameter transfer
• ICLR 2026A Generalized Geometric Theoretical Framework of Centroid Discriminant Analysis for Linear Classification of Multi-dimensional Data
• CVPR 2026COG Confidence-aware Optimal Geometric Correspondence for Unsupervised Single-reference Novel Object
• NeurIPS 2025$O(\sqrt{T})$ Static Regret and Instance Dependent Constraint Violation for Constrained Online Convex Optimization
• ICML 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learning
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Producing Interpretable Semantic Text Embeddings
• CVPR 2025A General Adaptive Dual-level Weighting Mechanism for Remote Sensing Pansharpening
• NeurIPS 2024GlotCC: An Open Broad-Coverage CommonCrawl Corpus and Pipeline for Minority Languages
• ICML 2024CKGConv: General Graph Convolution with Continuous Kernels
• ICLR 2024A Graph is Worth 1-bit Spikes: When Graph Contrastive Learning Meets Spiking Neural Networks
• CVPR 2024Dual Prototype Attention for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation
• NeurIPS 2023$H$-Consistency Bounds: Characterization and Extensions
• ICML 2023A Mathematical Model for Curriculum Learning for Parities
• ICLR 2023A General Framework For Proving The Equivariant Strong Lottery Ticket Hypothesis
• CVPR 2023A General Regret Bound of Preconditioned Gradient Method for DNN Training
• NeurIPS 2026Attention-based PCA
• ICML 2026A Control-Theoretic View of Mamba on Stability and Robustness
• ICLR 2026A Single Architecture for Representing Invariance Under Any Space Group
• CVPR 2026CROWn A Unified Framework for Anti-Aliased Downsampling and Phase-Calibrated Fusion

All General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers

684 papers, page 6 of 14

251. ICLR 2025Hot-pluggable Federated Learning: Bridging General and Personalized FL via Dynamic Selection
252. ICLR 2025I-Con: A Unifying Framework for Representation Learning
253. ICLR 2025Identification of Intermittent Temporal Latent Process
254. ICLR 2025Improving Deep Regression with Tightness
255. ICLR 2025Improving Generalization and Robustness in SNNs Through Signed Rate Encoding and Sparse Encoding Attacks
256. ICLR 2025Improving Neural Network Accuracy by Concurrently Training with a Twin Network
257. ICLR 2025In-Context Editing: Learning Knowledge from Self-Induced Distributions
258. ICLR 2025Instance-dependent Early Stopping
259. ICLR 2025Interaction Asymmetry: A General Principle for Learning Composable Abstractions
260. ICLR 2025Interpretable Unsupervised Joint Denoising and Enhancement for Real-World low-light Scenarios
261. ICLR 2025Intrinsic Dimension Correlation: uncovering nonlinear connections in multimodal representations
262. ICLR 2025Isometric Regularization for Manifolds of Functional Data
263. ICLR 2025JPEG Inspired Deep Learning
264. ICLR 2025Kinetix: Investigating the Training of General Agents through Open-Ended Physics-Based Control Tasks
265. ICLR 2025Large (Vision) Language Models are Unsupervised In-Context Learners
266. ICLR 2025Learning a Fast Mixing Exogenous Block MDP using a Single Trajectory
267. ICLR 2025Learning from weak labelers as constraints
268. ICLR 2025Learning Structured Representations by Embedding Class Hierarchy with Fast Optimal Transport
269. ICLR 2025Learning to Explore and Exploit with GNNs for Unsupervised Combinatorial Optimization
270. ICLR 2025LLMOPT: Learning to Define and Solve General Optimization Problems from Scratch
271. ICLR 2025LoCoDL: Communication-Efficient Distributed Learning with Local Training and Compression
272. ICLR 2025Long-Short Decision Transformer: Bridging Global and Local Dependencies for Generalized Decision-Making
273. ICLR 2025Looped Transformers for Length Generalization
274. ICLR 2025Matérn Kernels for Tunable Implicit Surface Reconstruction
275. ICLR 2025Medium-Difficulty Samples Constitute Smoothed Decision Boundary for Knowledge Distillation on Pruned Datasets
276. ICLR 2025Memory Mosaics
277. ICLR 2025MIM-Refiner: A Contrastive Learning Boost from Intermediate Pre-Trained Masked Image Modeling Representations
278. ICLR 2025Mind the GAP: Glimpse-based Active Perception improves generalization and sample efficiency of visual reasoning
279. ICLR 2025More Experts Than Galaxies: Conditionally-Overlapping Experts with Biologically-Inspired Fixed Routing
280. ICLR 2025Multi-Scale Fusion for Object Representation
281. ICLR 2025Multimodal Lego: Model Merging and Fine-Tuning Across Topologies and Modalities in Biomedicine
282. ICLR 2025Multiplicative Logit Adjustment Approximates Neural-Collapse-Aware Decision Boundary Adjustment
283. ICLR 2025NEAR: A Training-Free Pre-Estimator of Machine Learning Model Performance
284. ICLR 2025On Conformal Isometry of Grid Cells: Learning Distance-Preserving Position Embedding
285. ICLR 2025On the Byzantine-Resilience of Distillation-Based Federated Learning
286. ICLR 2025On the Identification of Temporal Causal Representation with Instantaneous Dependence
287. ICLR 2025On the Transfer of Object-Centric Representation Learning
288. ICLR 2025On-the-fly Preference Alignment via Principle-Guided Decoding
289. ICLR 2025Online Clustering with Nearly Optimal Consistency
290. ICLR 2025Optimal Brain Apoptosis
291. ICLR 2025Optimal Flow Transport and its Entropic Regularization: a GPU-friendly Matrix Iterative Algorithm for Flow Balance Satisfaction
292. ICLR 2025Optimization by Parallel Quasi-Quantum Annealing with Gradient-Based Sampling
293. ICLR 2025Perturbation-Restrained Sequential Model Editing
294. ICLR 2025PhiNets: Brain-inspired Non-contrastive Learning Based on Temporal Prediction Hypothesis
295. ICLR 2025PhyloVAE: Unsupervised Learning of Phylogenetic Trees via Variational Autoencoders
296. ICLR 2025PointOBB-v2: Towards Simpler, Faster, and Stronger Single Point Supervised Oriented Object Detection
297. ICLR 2025Prediction Risk and Estimation Risk of the Ridgeless Least Squares Estimator under General Assumptions on Regression Errors
298. ICLR 2025Progressive distillation induces an implicit curriculum
299. ICLR 2025Projection Head is Secretly an Information Bottleneck
300. ICLR 2025Provable unlearning in topic modeling and downstream tasks

FAQ

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,683 in total: 649 in 2023, 553 in 2024, 682 in 2025, 799 in 2026.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 194 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 203 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 187 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 174 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 348 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 239 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 70 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 66 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers?

ICML, with 859 papers from 2023 to 2026.