General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning went from 649 papers in 2023 to 799 in 2026, roughly 1.2x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning work: 859 papers from 2023 to 2026, 32% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Deep learning · self supervised learning: papers tagged with both rose from 23 in 2023 to 86 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 1.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A general kernel framework for non-CND distance measures using $|\mathcal{D}|$-dimensional sparse landmark embeddings
• ICML 2026$\mu$pscaling small models: Principled warm starts and hyperparameter transfer
• ICLR 2026A Generalized Geometric Theoretical Framework of Centroid Discriminant Analysis for Linear Classification of Multi-dimensional Data
• CVPR 2026COG Confidence-aware Optimal Geometric Correspondence for Unsupervised Single-reference Novel Object
• NeurIPS 2025$O(\sqrt{T})$ Static Regret and Instance Dependent Constraint Violation for Constrained Online Convex Optimization
• ICML 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learning
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Producing Interpretable Semantic Text Embeddings
• CVPR 2025A General Adaptive Dual-level Weighting Mechanism for Remote Sensing Pansharpening
• NeurIPS 2024GlotCC: An Open Broad-Coverage CommonCrawl Corpus and Pipeline for Minority Languages
• ICML 2024CKGConv: General Graph Convolution with Continuous Kernels
• ICLR 2024A Graph is Worth 1-bit Spikes: When Graph Contrastive Learning Meets Spiking Neural Networks
• CVPR 2024Dual Prototype Attention for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation
• NeurIPS 2023$H$-Consistency Bounds: Characterization and Extensions
• ICML 2023A Mathematical Model for Curriculum Learning for Parities
• ICLR 2023A General Framework For Proving The Equivariant Strong Lottery Ticket Hypothesis
• CVPR 2023A General Regret Bound of Preconditioned Gradient Method for DNN Training
• NeurIPS 2026Attention-based PCA
• ICML 2026A Control-Theoretic View of Mamba on Stability and Robustness
• ICLR 2026A Single Architecture for Representing Invariance Under Any Space Group
• CVPR 2026CROWn A Unified Framework for Anti-Aliased Downsampling and Phase-Calibrated Fusion

All General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers

682 papers, page 4 of 14

151. ICLR 2025Long-Short Decision Transformer: Bridging Global and Local Dependencies for Generalized Decision-Making
152. ICLR 2025Looped Transformers for Length Generalization
153. ICLR 2025Matérn Kernels for Tunable Implicit Surface Reconstruction
154. ICLR 2025Medium-Difficulty Samples Constitute Smoothed Decision Boundary for Knowledge Distillation on Pruned Datasets
155. ICLR 2025Memory Mosaics
156. ICLR 2025MIM-Refiner: A Contrastive Learning Boost from Intermediate Pre-Trained Masked Image Modeling Representations
157. ICLR 2025Mind the GAP: Glimpse-based Active Perception improves generalization and sample efficiency of visual reasoning
158. ICLR 2025More Experts Than Galaxies: Conditionally-Overlapping Experts with Biologically-Inspired Fixed Routing
159. ICLR 2025Multi-Scale Fusion for Object Representation
160. ICLR 2025Multimodal Lego: Model Merging and Fine-Tuning Across Topologies and Modalities in Biomedicine
161. ICLR 2025Multiplicative Logit Adjustment Approximates Neural-Collapse-Aware Decision Boundary Adjustment
162. ICLR 2025NEAR: A Training-Free Pre-Estimator of Machine Learning Model Performance
163. ICLR 2025On Conformal Isometry of Grid Cells: Learning Distance-Preserving Position Embedding
164. ICLR 2025On the Byzantine-Resilience of Distillation-Based Federated Learning
165. ICLR 2025On the Identification of Temporal Causal Representation with Instantaneous Dependence
166. ICLR 2025On the Transfer of Object-Centric Representation Learning
167. ICLR 2025On-the-fly Preference Alignment via Principle-Guided Decoding
168. ICLR 2025Online Clustering with Nearly Optimal Consistency
169. ICLR 2025Optimal Brain Apoptosis
170. ICLR 2025Optimal Flow Transport and its Entropic Regularization: a GPU-friendly Matrix Iterative Algorithm for Flow Balance Satisfaction
171. ICLR 2025Optimization by Parallel Quasi-Quantum Annealing with Gradient-Based Sampling
172. ICLR 2025Perturbation-Restrained Sequential Model Editing
173. ICLR 2025PhiNets: Brain-inspired Non-contrastive Learning Based on Temporal Prediction Hypothesis
174. ICLR 2025PhyloVAE: Unsupervised Learning of Phylogenetic Trees via Variational Autoencoders
175. ICLR 2025PointOBB-v2: Towards Simpler, Faster, and Stronger Single Point Supervised Oriented Object Detection
176. ICLR 2025Prediction Risk and Estimation Risk of the Ridgeless Least Squares Estimator under General Assumptions on Regression Errors
177. ICLR 2025Progressive distillation induces an implicit curriculum
178. ICLR 2025Projection Head is Secretly an Information Bottleneck
179. ICLR 2025Provable unlearning in topic modeling and downstream tasks
180. ICLR 2025Qinco2: Vector Compression and Search with Improved Implicit Neural Codebooks
181. ICLR 2025Re-Evaluating the Impact of Unseen-Class Unlabeled Data on Semi-Supervised Learning Model
182. ICLR 2025Reading Your Heart: Learning ECG Words and Sentences via Pre-training ECG Language Model
183. ICLR 2025Refining CLIP's Spatial Awareness: A Visual-Centric Perspective
184. ICLR 2025Regret-Optimal List Replicable Bandit Learning: Matching Upper and Lower Bounds
185. ICLR 2025Remove Symmetries to Control Model Expressivity and Improve Optimization
186. ICLR 2025Repetition Improves Language Model Embeddings
187. ICLR 2025Restyling Unsupervised Concept Based Interpretable Networks with Generative Models
188. ICLR 2025Rethinking Classifier Re-Training in Long-Tailed Recognition: Label Over-Smooth Can Balance
189. ICLR 2025Rethinking Multiple-Instance Learning From Feature Space to Probability Space
190. ICLR 2025Revisiting Nearest Neighbor for Tabular Data: A Deep Tabular Baseline Two Decades Later
191. ICLR 2025Revisiting Source-Free Domain Adaptation: a New Perspective via Uncertainty Control
192. ICLR 2025Robust System Identification: Finite-sample Guarantees and Connection to Regularization
193. ICLR 2025Round and Round We Go! What makes Rotary Positional Encodings useful?
194. ICLR 2025Sample then Identify: A General Framework for Risk Control and Assessment in Multimodal Large Language Models
195. ICLR 2025SAVA: Scalable Learning-Agnostic Data Valuation
196. ICLR 2025SC-OmniGS: Self-Calibrating Omnidirectional Gaussian Splatting
197. ICLR 2025Scalable Universal T-Cell Receptor Embeddings from Adaptive Immune Repertoires
198. ICLR 2025Scale-Aware Contrastive Reverse Distillation for Unsupervised Medical Anomaly Detection
199. ICLR 2025Schur's Positive-Definite Network: Deep Learning in the SPD cone with structure
200. ICLR 2025SelKD: Selective Knowledge Distillation via Optimal Transport Perspective

FAQ

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,683 in total: 649 in 2023, 553 in 2024, 682 in 2025, 799 in 2026.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 194 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 203 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 187 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 174 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 348 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 239 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 70 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 66 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers?

ICML, with 859 papers from 2023 to 2026.