General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning went from 649 papers in 2023 to 799 in 2026, roughly 1.2x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning work: 859 papers from 2023 to 2026, 32% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Deep learning · self supervised learning: papers tagged with both rose from 23 in 2023 to 86 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 1.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A general kernel framework for non-CND distance measures using $|\mathcal{D}|$-dimensional sparse landmark embeddings
• ICML 2026$\mu$pscaling small models: Principled warm starts and hyperparameter transfer
• ICLR 2026A Generalized Geometric Theoretical Framework of Centroid Discriminant Analysis for Linear Classification of Multi-dimensional Data
• CVPR 2026COG Confidence-aware Optimal Geometric Correspondence for Unsupervised Single-reference Novel Object
• NeurIPS 2025$O(\sqrt{T})$ Static Regret and Instance Dependent Constraint Violation for Constrained Online Convex Optimization
• ICML 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learning
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Producing Interpretable Semantic Text Embeddings
• CVPR 2025A General Adaptive Dual-level Weighting Mechanism for Remote Sensing Pansharpening
• NeurIPS 2024GlotCC: An Open Broad-Coverage CommonCrawl Corpus and Pipeline for Minority Languages
• ICML 2024CKGConv: General Graph Convolution with Continuous Kernels
• ICLR 2024A Graph is Worth 1-bit Spikes: When Graph Contrastive Learning Meets Spiking Neural Networks
• CVPR 2024Dual Prototype Attention for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation
• NeurIPS 2023$H$-Consistency Bounds: Characterization and Extensions
• ICML 2023A Mathematical Model for Curriculum Learning for Parities
• ICLR 2023A General Framework For Proving The Equivariant Strong Lottery Ticket Hypothesis
• CVPR 2023A General Regret Bound of Preconditioned Gradient Method for DNN Training
• NeurIPS 2026Attention-based PCA
• ICML 2026A Control-Theoretic View of Mamba on Stability and Robustness
• ICLR 2026A Single Architecture for Representing Invariance Under Any Space Group
• CVPR 2026CROWn A Unified Framework for Anti-Aliased Downsampling and Phase-Calibrated Fusion

All General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers

115 papers, page 2 of 3

51. ICML 2024Improving Neural Logic Machines via Failure Reflection
52. ICML 2024IW-GAE: Importance weighted group accuracy estimation for improved calibration and model selection in unsupervised domain adaptation
53. ICML 2024Latent Noise Segmentation: How Neural Noise Leads to the Emergence of Segmentation and Grouping
54. ICML 2024Learning to Explore in POMDPs with Informational Rewards
55. ICML 2024Let Go of Your Labels with Unsupervised Transfer
56. ICML 2024Leveraging VLM-Based Pipelines to Annotate 3D Objects
57. ICML 2024LEVI: Generalizable Fine-tuning via Layer-wise Ensemble of Different Views
58. ICML 2024Localizing Task Information for Improved Model Merging and Compression
59. ICML 2024LPGD: A General Framework for Backpropagation through Embedded Optimization Layers
60. ICML 2024Model-Free Robust $\phi$-Divergence Reinforcement Learning Using Both Offline and Online Data
61. ICML 2024No-Regret Reinforcement Learning in Smooth MDPs
62. ICML 2024On Interpolating Experts and Multi-Armed Bandits
63. ICML 2024On the Consistency of Kernel Methods with Dependent Observations
64. ICML 2024On the Convergence of Projected Bures-Wasserstein Gradient Descent under Euclidean Strong Convexity
65. ICML 2024Online Algorithms with Uncertainty-Quantified Predictions
66. ICML 2024Overcoming Saturation in Density Ratio Estimation by Iterated Regularization
67. ICML 2024Position: AI-Powered Autonomous Weapons Risk Geopolitical Instability and Threaten AI Research
68. ICML 2024Position: Quo Vadis, Unsupervised Time Series Anomaly Detection?
69. ICML 2024Post-hoc Part-Prototype Networks
70. ICML 2024Precise Accuracy / Robustness Tradeoffs in Regression: Case of General Norms
71. ICML 2024Provable Interactive Learning with Hindsight Instruction Feedback
72. ICML 2024Pseudo-Calibration: Improving Predictive Uncertainty Estimation in Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
73. ICML 2024Realistic Unsupervised CLIP Fine-tuning with Universal Entropy Optimization
74. ICML 2024Refining Minimax Regret for Unsupervised Environment Design
75. ICML 2024Reinforcement Learning and Regret Bounds for Admission Control
76. ICML 2024ReMax: A Simple, Effective, and Efficient Reinforcement Learning Method for Aligning Large Language Models
77. ICML 2024Rényi Pufferfish Privacy: General Additive Noise Mechanisms and Privacy Amplification by Iteration via Shift Reduction Lemmas
78. ICML 2024Risk Estimation in a Markov Cost Process: Lower and Upper Bounds
79. ICML 2024Roping in Uncertainty: Robustness and Regularization in Markov Games
80. ICML 2024Second-Order Uncertainty Quantification: A Distance-Based Approach
81. ICML 2024Sequential Disentanglement by Extracting Static Information From A Single Sequence Element
82. ICML 2024Simplicity Bias of Two-Layer Networks beyond Linearly Separable Data
83. ICML 2024Slow and Steady Wins the Race: Maintaining Plasticity with Hare and Tortoise Networks
84. ICML 2024SpikeLM: Towards General Spike-Driven Language Modeling via Elastic Bi-Spiking Mechanisms
85. ICML 2024Stochastic Gradient Flow Dynamics of Test Risk and its Exact Solution for Weak Features
86. ICML 2024Stochastic Quantum Sampling for Non-Logconcave Distributions and Estimating Partition Functions
87. ICML 2024Studying K-FAC Heuristics by Viewing Adam through a Second-Order Lens
88. ICML 2024Switched Flow Matching: Eliminating Singularities via Switching ODEs
89. ICML 2024Switching the Loss Reduces the Cost in Batch Reinforcement Learning
90. ICML 2024Tackling Prevalent Conditions in Unsupervised Combinatorial Optimization: Cardinality, Minimum, Covering, and More
91. ICML 2024Tag-LLM: Repurposing General-Purpose LLMs for Specialized Domains
92. ICML 2024Tell, Don't Show: Language Guidance Eases Transfer Across Domains in Images and Videos
93. ICML 2024The Balanced-Pairwise-Affinities Feature Transform
94. ICML 2024The Computational Complexity of Finding Second-Order Stationary Points
95. ICML 2024The Effect of Weight Precision on the Neuron Count in Deep ReLU Networks
96. ICML 2024The WMDP Benchmark: Measuring and Reducing Malicious Use with Unlearning
97. ICML 2024Towards General Algorithm Discovery for Combinatorial Optimization: Learning Symbolic Branching Policy from Bipartite Graph
98. ICML 2024Towards General Neural Surrogate Solvers with Specialized Neural Accelerators
99. ICML 2024Towards the Theory of Unsupervised Federated Learning: Non-asymptotic Analysis of Federated EM Algorithms
100. ICML 2024Transolver: A Fast Transformer Solver for PDEs on General Geometries

FAQ

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,683 in total: 649 in 2023, 553 in 2024, 682 in 2025, 799 in 2026.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 194 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 203 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 187 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 174 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 348 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 239 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 70 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 66 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers?

ICML, with 859 papers from 2023 to 2026.