General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning went from 649 papers in 2023 to 799 in 2026, roughly 1.2x in three years.
• ICML publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning work: 859 papers from 2023 to 2026, 32% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with Deep learning · self supervised learning: papers tagged with both rose from 23 in 2023 to 86 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #1 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · evaluation, is up 4.3x versus 1.2x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026A general kernel framework for non-CND distance measures using $|\mathcal{D}|$-dimensional sparse landmark embeddings
• ICML 2026$\mu$pscaling small models: Principled warm starts and hyperparameter transfer
• ICLR 2026A Generalized Geometric Theoretical Framework of Centroid Discriminant Analysis for Linear Classification of Multi-dimensional Data
• CVPR 2026COG Confidence-aware Optimal Geometric Correspondence for Unsupervised Single-reference Novel Object
• NeurIPS 2025$O(\sqrt{T})$ Static Regret and Instance Dependent Constraint Violation for Constrained Online Convex Optimization
• ICML 2025A Square Peg in a Square Hole: Meta-Expert for Long-Tailed Semi-Supervised Learning
• ICLR 2025A General Framework for Producing Interpretable Semantic Text Embeddings
• CVPR 2025A General Adaptive Dual-level Weighting Mechanism for Remote Sensing Pansharpening
• NeurIPS 2024GlotCC: An Open Broad-Coverage CommonCrawl Corpus and Pipeline for Minority Languages
• ICML 2024CKGConv: General Graph Convolution with Continuous Kernels
• ICLR 2024A Graph is Worth 1-bit Spikes: When Graph Contrastive Learning Meets Spiking Neural Networks
• CVPR 2024Dual Prototype Attention for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation
• NeurIPS 2023$H$-Consistency Bounds: Characterization and Extensions
• ICML 2023A Mathematical Model for Curriculum Learning for Parities
• ICLR 2023A General Framework For Proving The Equivariant Strong Lottery Ticket Hypothesis
• CVPR 2023A General Regret Bound of Preconditioned Gradient Method for DNN Training
• NeurIPS 2026Attention-based PCA
• ICML 2026A Control-Theoretic View of Mamba on Stability and Robustness
• ICLR 2026A Single Architecture for Representing Invariance Under Any Space Group
• CVPR 2026CROWn A Unified Framework for Anti-Aliased Downsampling and Phase-Calibrated Fusion

All General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers

684 papers, page 13 of 14

601. ICLR 2023A Theoretical Framework for Inference and Learning in Predictive Coding Networks
602. ICLR 2023Addressing Parameter Choice Issues in Unsupervised Domain Adaptation by Aggregation
603. ICLR 2023Agnostic Learning of General ReLU Activation Using Gradient Descent
604. ICLR 2023Backpropagation at the Infinitesimal Inference Limit of Energy-Based Models: Unifying Predictive Coding, Equilibrium Propagation, and Contrastive Hebbian Learning
605. ICLR 2023Can discrete information extraction prompts generalize across language models?
606. ICLR 2023Causal Confusion and Reward Misidentification in Preference-Based Reward Learning
607. ICLR 2023Characterizing intrinsic compositionality in transformers with Tree Projections
608. ICLR 2023Choreographer: Learning and Adapting Skills in Imagination
609. ICLR 2023CO3: Cooperative Unsupervised 3D Representation Learning for Autonomous Driving
610. ICLR 2023Code Translation with Compiler Representations
611. ICLR 2023Combinatorial-Probabilistic Trade-Off: P-Values of Community Properties Test in the Stochastic Block Models
612. ICLR 2023Contextual Convolutional Networks
613. ICLR 2023Continual Unsupervised Disentangling of Self-Organizing Representations
614. ICLR 2023ContraNorm: A Contrastive Learning Perspective on Oversmoothing and Beyond
615. ICLR 2023Contrastive Learning for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Time Series
616. ICLR 2023Cycle-consistent Masked AutoEncoder for Unsupervised Domain Generalization
617. ICLR 2023D4AM: A General Denoising Framework for Downstream Acoustic Models
618. ICLR 2023Data augmentation alone can improve adversarial training
619. ICLR 2023Deep Ensembles for Graphs with Higher-order Dependencies
620. ICLR 2023Diffusion Posterior Sampling for General Noisy Inverse Problems
621. ICLR 2023Empowering Networks With Scale and Rotation Equivariance Using A Similarity Convolution
622. ICLR 2023EUCLID: Towards Efficient Unsupervised Reinforcement Learning with Multi-choice Dynamics Model
623. ICLR 2023Everybody Needs Good Neighbours: An Unsupervised Locality-based Method for Bias Mitigation
624. ICLR 2023FedSpeed: Larger Local Interval, Less Communication Round, and Higher Generalization Accuracy
625. ICLR 2023gDDIM: Generalized denoising diffusion implicit models
626. ICLR 2023General Neural Gauge Fields
627. ICLR 2023Generalizing and Decoupling Neural Collapse via Hyperspherical Uniformity Gap
628. ICLR 2023GNNDelete: A General Strategy for Unlearning in Graph Neural Networks
629. ICLR 2023Hebbian Deep Learning Without Feedback
630. ICLR 2023Heterogeneous Neuronal and Synaptic Dynamics for Spike-Efficient Unsupervised Learning: Theory and Design Principles
631. ICLR 2023How Does Semi-supervised Learning with Pseudo-labelers Work? A Case Study
632. ICLR 2023How robust is unsupervised representation learning to distribution shift?
633. ICLR 2023How to Train your HIPPO: State Space Models with Generalized Orthogonal Basis Projections
634. ICLR 2023Indiscriminate Poisoning Attacks on Unsupervised Contrastive Learning
635. ICLR 2023Information-Theoretic Analysis of Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
636. ICLR 2023Kernel Neural Optimal Transport
637. ICLR 2023Learning What and Where: Disentangling Location and Identity Tracking Without Supervision
638. ICLR 2023Learning where and when to reason in neuro-symbolic inference
639. ICLR 2023Memorization Capacity of Neural Networks with Conditional Computation
640. ICLR 2023Minimalistic Unsupervised Representation Learning with the Sparse Manifold Transform
641. ICLR 2023Modelling Long Range Dependencies in $N$D: From Task-Specific to a General Purpose CNN
642. ICLR 2023NERDS: A General Framework to Train Camera Denoisers from Raw-RGB Noisy Image Pairs
643. ICLR 2023Neural Systematic Binder
644. ICLR 2023Offline Congestion Games: How Feedback Type Affects Data Coverage Requirement
645. ICLR 2023On Achieving Optimal Adversarial Test Error
646. ICLR 2023On the Word Boundaries of Emergent Languages Based on Harris's Articulation Scheme
647. ICLR 2023One Transformer Can Understand Both 2D & 3D Molecular Data
648. ICLR 2023Optimal Conservative Offline RL with General Function Approximation via Augmented Lagrangian
649. ICLR 2023PandA: Unsupervised Learning of Parts and Appearances in the Feature Maps of GANs
650. ICLR 2023Parametrizing Product Shape Manifolds by Composite Networks

FAQ

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

2,683 in total: 649 in 2023, 553 in 2024, 682 in 2025, 799 in 2026.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 194 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 203 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 187 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 174 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 348 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 239 the year before.

How many General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 70 General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers, versus 66 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · unsupervised and semisupervised learning papers?

ICML, with 859 papers from 2023 to 2026.