General ML · evaluation papers, 2023–2026

Key findings

• General ML · evaluation went from 53 papers in 2023 to 230 in 2026, roughly 4.3x in three years.
• NeurIPS publishes the most General ML · evaluation work: 270 papers from 2023 to 2026, 45% of the four-venue total.
• The fastest-growing overlap is with AI Agents: papers tagged with both rose from 0 in 2023 to 47 in 2026.
• Among the 6 topics under General Machine Learning, it ranks #4 by 2026 paper count; the fastest grower in the group, General ML · reinforcement learning, is up 2.0x versus 4.3x here.

Representative papers

Spread across years and venues so every edition shows up

• NeurIPS 2026AI Construct Lexis: An Ontology of the Hidden Assumptions in AI Evaluation
• ICML 2026A Computational Framework for Evaluating Human-likeness in LLMs' Open-ended Human Behaviors
• ICLR 2026Unlearning Evaluation through Subset Statistical Independence
• CVPR 2026Bridging the Perception Gap in Image Super-Resolution Evaluation
• NeurIPS 2025Adaptive Distraction: Probing LLM Contextual Robustness with Automated Tree Search
• ICML 2025AKRMap: Adaptive Kernel Regression for Trustworthy Visualization of Cross-Modal Embeddings
• ICLR 2025On Speeding Up Language Model Evaluation
• CVPR 2025ODE: Open-Set Evaluation of Hallucinations in Multimodal Large Language Models
• NeurIPS 2024Accuracy is Not All You Need
• ICML 2024A Fine-grained Analysis of Fitted Q-evaluation: Beyond Parametric Models
• ICLR 2024BatchPrompt: Accomplish more with less
• CVPR 2024Animating General Image with Large Visual Motion Model
• NeurIPS 2023AQuA: A Benchmarking Tool for Label Quality Assessment
• ICML 2023Regions of Reliability in the Evaluation of Multivariate Probabilistic Forecasts
• ICLR 2023Beyond calibration: estimating the grouping loss of modern neural networks
• CVPR 2023GeneCIS: A Benchmark for General Conditional Image Similarity
• NeurIPS 2026AMUSE: Anytime Muon with Stable Gradient Evaluation
• ICML 2026A Two-Tier Perspective on Inference-Time Parallelism in Multi-Agent LLM Systems
• ICLR 2026Choices Speak Louder than Questions
• CVPR 2026Towards Reliable Evaluation of Adversarial Robustness for Spiking Neural Networks

All General ML · evaluation papers

148 papers, page 2 of 3

51. ICML 2026DSGym: A Standardized and Holistic Framework for Evaluating and Training Data Science Agents
52. ICML 2026Dynamic High-Dimensional Facility Location with Low Recourse
53. ICML 2026Efficient Inference for Noisy LLM-as-a-Judge Evaluation
54. ICML 2026Efficient, Validation-Free Intrinsic Quality Estimation for Large-Scale Face Recognition Datasets
55. ICML 2026Estimating Correlation Clustering Cost in Node-Arrival Stream
56. ICML 2026Estimating the Empowerment of Language Model Agents
57. ICML 2026Evaluating Language Models in Realistic Conversational Contexts
58. ICML 2026Evaluating LLMs When They Do Not Know the Answer: Statistical Evaluation of Mathematical Reasoning via Comparative Signals
59. ICML 2026Evaluating Object-Centric Models beyond Object Discovery
60. ICML 2026Evaluating Robustness of Reasoning Models on Parameterized Logical Problems
61. ICML 2026EVMbench: Evaluating AI Agents on Smart Contract Security
62. ICML 2026EvoClaw: Evaluating AI Agents on Continuous Software Evolution
63. ICML 2026Expanding the AI Evaluation Toolbox with Statistical Models
64. ICML 2026Explainable Federated Learning via Global–Local Attribution Alignment
65. ICML 2026Expressivity-Efficiency Tradeoffs for Hybrid Sequence Models
66. ICML 2026FiRE: Fine-grained Ranking Evaluation for Machine Translation
67. ICML 2026Fix Before Search: Benchmarking Agentic Visual Query Pre-processing in Multimodal Retrieval-augmented Generation
68. ICML 2026FLIPS: Instance-Fingerprinting for LLMs via Pseudo-random Sequences
69. ICML 2026FormalRx: Rectify and eXamine Semantic Failures in Autoformalization
70. ICML 2026FT-Dojo: Towards Autonomous LLM Fine-Tuning with Language Agents
71. ICML 2026GameDevBench: Evaluating Agentic Capabilities Through Game Development
72. ICML 2026General Analysis of LMO-based Optimizers: Beyond Bounded Variance
73. ICML 2026GenExam: A Multidisciplinary Text-to-Image Exam
74. ICML 2026GICDM: Mitigating Hubness for Reliable Distance-Based Generative Model Evaluation
75. ICML 2026How can we assess human-agent interactions? Case studies in software agent design
76. ICML 2026Identifying Learnwares via Reduced Neural Conditional Mean Embedding
77. ICML 2026Inference from Quantized Data via Normal Variance-Mean Mixtures
78. ICML 2026Instance-Level Costs for Nuanced Classifier Evaluation
79. ICML 2026InteractBench: Benchmarking LLMs on Competitive Programming under Unrevealed Information
80. ICML 2026Is Graph Mixup Beneficial? Investigating Interpolation And Empirical Performance of Graph Mixup Methods
81. ICML 2026Is Your Diffusion Sampler Actually Correct? A Sampler-Centric Evaluation of Discrete Diffusion Language Models
82. ICML 2026Item Response Scaling Laws: A Measurement Theory Approach for Efficient and Generalizable Neural Scaling Estimation
83. ICML 2026iWorld-Bench: A Benchmark for Interactive World Models with a Unified Action Generation Framework
84. ICML 2026Judging What We Cannot Solve: A Consequence-Based Approach for Oracle-Free Evaluation of Research-Level Math
85. ICML 2026KAGE-Bench: Fast Known-Axis Visual Generalization Evaluation for Reinforcement Learning
86. ICML 2026KernelCraft: Benchmarking for Agentic Close-to-Metal Kernel Generation on Emerging Hardware
87. ICML 2026L-CUBE: Isolating Long-Context Capacity from Knowledge with Controllable Mutual Information Scaling
88. ICML 2026Leaderboard Incentives: Model Rankings under Strategic Post-Training
89. ICML 2026Linguistic Nepotism: Trading-off Quality for Language Preference in Multilingual RAG
90. ICML 2026LiveOIBench: Can Large Language Models Outperform Human Contestants in Informatics Olympiads?
91. ICML 2026LOCA-bench: Benchmarking Language Agents Under Controllable and Extreme Context Growth
92. ICML 2026LoRe: Adaptive Interaction-Evaluation Routing with Per-step Interaction Budgets for Iterative Graph Solvers
93. ICML 2026Lost in Context: Adressing Context Anxiety in Large Language Models
94. ICML 2026Measuring Intent Comprehension in LLMs
95. ICML 2026MECAT: A Multi-Experts Constructed Benchmark for Fine-Grained Audio Understanding Tasks
96. ICML 2026MemoryBench: A Benchmark for Memory and Continual Learning in LLM Systems
97. ICML 2026MGAL: A Multilingual Granularity-Aware Long-Context Benchmark
98. ICML 2026MiniAppBench: Evaluating the Shift from Text to Interactive HTML Responses in LLM-Powered Assistants
99. ICML 2026MLUBench: A Benchmark for Lifelong Unlearning Evaluation in MLLMs
100. ICML 2026MMBench-Live: A Continuously Evolving Benchmark for Multimodal Models

FAQ

How many General ML · evaluation papers were published at NeurIPS, ICLR, ICML and CVPR from 2023 to 2026?

606 in total: 53 in 2023, 115 in 2024, 208 in 2025, 230 in 2026.

How many General ML · evaluation papers are at NeurIPS 2026?

NeurIPS 2026 has 57 General ML · evaluation papers, versus 124 the year before.

How many General ML · evaluation papers are at ICLR 2026?

ICLR 2026 has 19 General ML · evaluation papers, versus 19 the year before.

How many General ML · evaluation papers are at ICML 2026?

ICML 2026 has 148 General ML · evaluation papers, versus 58 the year before.

How many General ML · evaluation papers are at CVPR 2026?

CVPR 2026 has 6 General ML · evaluation papers, versus 7 the year before.

Which conference publishes the most General ML · evaluation papers?

NeurIPS, with 270 papers from 2023 to 2026.